On the evolution and genetic diversity of the bread wheat D genome.

IF 17.1 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Molecular Plant Pub Date : 2024-11-04 Epub Date: 2024-09-23 DOI:10.1016/j.molp.2024.09.007
Zihao Wang, Wenxi Wang, Yachao He, Xiaoming Xie, Zhengzhao Yang, Xiaoyu Zhang, Jianxia Niu, Huiru Peng, Yingyin Yao, Chaojie Xie, Mingming Xin, Zhaorong Hu, Qixin Sun, Zhongfu Ni, Weilong Guo
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Abstract

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) became a globally dominant crop after incorporating the D genome from the donor species Aegilops tauschii, but the evolutionary history that shaped the D genome during this process remains to be clarified. Here, we propose a renewed evolutionary model linking Ae. tauschii and the hexaploid wheat D genome by constructing an ancestral haplotype map covering 762 Ae. tauschii and hexaploid wheat accessions. We dissected the evolutionary trajectories of Ae. tauschii lineages and reported a few independent intermediate accessions, demonstrating that low-frequency inter-sublineage gene flow had enriched the diversity of Ae. tauschii. We discovered that the D genome of hexaploid wheat was inherited from a unified ancestral template, but with a mosaic composition that was highly mixed and derived mainly from three Ae. tauschii L2 sublineages located in the Caspian coastal region. This result suggests that early agricultural activities facilitated innovations in D-genome composition and finalized the success of hexaploidization. We found that the majority (51.4%) of genetic diversity was attributed to novel mutations absent in Ae. tauschii, and we identified large Ae. tauschii introgressions from various lineages, which expanded the diversity of the wheat D genome and introduced beneficial alleles. This work sheds light on the process of wheat hexaploidization and highlights the evolutionary significance of the multi-layered genetic diversity of the bread wheat D genome.

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关于面包小麦 D 基因组的进化和遗传多样性。
面包小麦(Triticum aestivum)在吸收了供体种Aegilops tauschii的D基因组后成为全球优势作物,但在这一过程中D基因组的进化历史仍然难以捉摸。在这里,我们通过构建一个覆盖 762 个 Ae. tauschii 和六倍体小麦基因组的祖先单倍型图谱,提出了一个连接 Ae. tauschii 和六倍体小麦 D 基因组的新进化模型。我们剖析了Ae. tauschii品系的进化轨迹,并报告了一些独立的中间品系,证明低频的子品系间基因流丰富了Ae. tauschii的多样性。我们发现,六倍体小麦的 D 基因组遗传自统一的祖先模板,但主要由位于里海沿岸地区的三个 Ae. tauschii L2 亚系高度混合组成,这表明早期的农业活动促进了 D 基因组组成的创新,并最终成功实现了六倍体化。我们进一步发现,遗传多样性的大部分(51.4%)归因于Ae. tauschii中不存在的新突变,还发现了来自不同系的大量Ae. tauschii引种,扩大了小麦D基因组的多样性并引入了有益的等位基因。这项工作揭示了小麦六倍化过程,并强调了面包小麦 D 基因组多层遗传多样性的进化意义。
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来源期刊
Molecular Plant
Molecular Plant 植物科学-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
37.60
自引率
2.20%
发文量
1784
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Molecular Plant is dedicated to serving the plant science community by publishing novel and exciting findings with high significance in plant biology. The journal focuses broadly on cellular biology, physiology, biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics, development, plant-microbe interaction, genomics, bioinformatics, and molecular evolution. Molecular Plant publishes original research articles, reviews, Correspondence, and Spotlights on the most important developments in plant biology.
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