[The Experiences of Healthy Adults Participating in Advance Care Planning].

Abstract

Background: After enactment of the Patient Right to Autonomy Act in Taiwan, most of the individuals participating in advance care planning (ACP) and signing advance decisions (AD) have been healthy adults. This demographic is inadequately covered in the literature, in which related studies focus primarily on individuals with major illnesses.

Purpose: This study was implemented to understand the experiences of healthy adults participating in ACP.

Methods: A qualitative approach was taken and participants were recruited from ACP outpatient clinics in three hospitals in northern, central, and southern Taiwan. All of the participants were healthy adults who had completed the ACP process, did not have a major illness, had no psychiatric diagnoses, and could express themselves clearly. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and analyzed using content analysis.

Results: A total of 15 participants were interviewed, generating three major themes: "Establishing the foundations of ACP", "Preserving dignity in end-of-life care", and "Key elements for successful ACP". Their motivation to engage in ACP and sign the AD form was influenced by past experiences and a desire to maintain dignity and physical autonomy through the aging process. Their decision-making processes were influenced by family opinions, sociocultural factors, and systemic dynamics.

Conclusions / implications for practice: During the ACP and AD signing process, the consulting team not only helps healthy adults successfully provide informed consent but also, by fostering a supportive communication environment, ensures medical preferences and expectations are accurately reflected, thus promoting mutual care, support, and understanding among all parties.