Global prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in pregnancy and postpartum: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background

One of the most important challenges during pregnancy and postpartum is physical and emotional changes, including obsessive compulsive disorder. The aim of the current study is to investigate the global prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder during pregnancy and postpartum through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods

In this research, a systematic search was conducted in several electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar search engine. The search was conducted until March 2023 to find studies on the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder during pregnancy and after giving birth. The Random Effects Model was used to perform the analysis and the heterogeneity of the studies was evaluated using the I² index. Also, Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software version 2.0 was used for data analysis.

Results

In a review of 21 studies with a volume of 2Fairbrother et al., 2016581 people, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder during pregnancy was reported as 9.1 (95 %CI: 5.2–15.6). Also, in a review of 12 studies with a volume of 7649 people, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in postpartum period was reported as 6.2 (95 % CI: 4–9.5).

Conclusion

Based on the findings of the meta-analysis, it was revealed that in the context of pregnancy and postpartum, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder is a significant concern. Hence, more attention and support of clinicians who care for women in this period is essential. By proactively reducing the complications of OCD in both women and their infants, society can work toward ensuring positive health outcomes for all.