Journal of Affective Disorders Reports最新文献

Examining the triad of sensory processing, ADHD symptoms, and executive functioning in adults with ADHD: Evidence from a multi-measure assessment 检查成人ADHD患者的感觉加工、ADHD症状和执行功能：来自多测量评估的证据

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101002

Marcel Schulze , Diana Immel , Helena Rosen , Behrem Aslan , Silke Lux , Alexandra Philipsen

Introduction

Executive function (EF) impairments are well-documented in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Beyond these cognitive deficits, individuals with ADHD often report atypical sensory processing, but the extent to which sensory processing patterns interact with ADHD symptoms to shape EF performance remains poorly understood.

Methods

Forty adults diagnosed with ADHD and 39 healthy controls completed a battery of EF tasks (Stop-Signal, Digit Span, PASAT, Stroop, Corsi, Cued Switching). ADHD symptoms were assessed with the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS), and sensory processing with the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP). General linear models were estimated for each EF outcome, including group status, ADHD symptom dimensions, sensory processing domains, and their interactions. Correction for multiple comparisons was applied within interaction families (Holm).

Results

The ADHD group showed robust alterations in working memory and inhibitiory control compared with controls. Interaction analyses suggested that sensory processing styles can affect EF performance in opposite ways across groups: in ADHD, certain combinations of symptoms and sensory patterns were associated with worsened working memory and inhibition outcomes, whereas in controls, similar patterns tended to coincide with enhanced performance. However, these interactions did not remain significant after correction for multiple testing.

Conclusion

The findings confirm robust EF alterations in ADHD and point to a potential, but as yet inconclusive, role of sensory processing in modulating EF. This highlights the importance of considering sensory–cognitive interactions in ADHD, while underlining the need for replication in larger, well-powered samples.

执行功能（EF）障碍在注意缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）中有充分的记录。除了这些认知缺陷之外，ADHD患者经常报告非典型的感觉处理，但是感觉处理模式与ADHD症状相互作用的程度仍然知之甚少。方法40例诊断为ADHD的成年人和39例健康对照者完成一系列EF任务（停止信号、数字跨度、PASAT、Stroop、Corsi、线索转换）。采用康纳斯成人ADHD评定量表（CAARS）评估ADHD症状，并采用青少年/成人感觉档案（AASP）评估感觉加工。估计每个EF结果的一般线性模型，包括组状态、ADHD症状维度、感觉加工域及其相互作用。在相互作用家庭中对多重比较进行了校正（Holm）。结果与对照组相比，ADHD组在工作记忆和抑制控制方面表现出明显的变化。相互作用分析表明，感觉处理方式可以以相反的方式影响各组的EF表现：在ADHD中，症状和感觉模式的某些组合与工作记忆和抑制结果的恶化有关，而在对照组中，类似的模式往往与增强的表现相一致。然而，这些相互作用在多次测试校正后并不仍然显著。结论：研究结果证实了ADHD患者EF的显著改变，并指出了感觉加工在调节EF中的潜在作用，但尚未确定。这突出了在ADHD中考虑感觉-认知相互作用的重要性，同时强调了在更大、更有力的样本中进行复制的必要性。

{"title":"Examining the triad of sensory processing, ADHD symptoms, and executive functioning in adults with ADHD: Evidence from a multi-measure assessment","authors":"Marcel Schulze , Diana Immel , Helena Rosen , Behrem Aslan , Silke Lux , Alexandra Philipsen","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Executive function (EF) impairments are well-documented in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Beyond these cognitive deficits, individuals with ADHD often report atypical sensory processing, but the extent to which sensory processing patterns interact with ADHD symptoms to shape EF performance remains poorly understood.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Forty adults diagnosed with ADHD and 39 healthy controls completed a battery of EF tasks (Stop-Signal, Digit Span, PASAT, Stroop, Corsi, Cued Switching). ADHD symptoms were assessed with the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS), and sensory processing with the Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile (AASP). General linear models were estimated for each EF outcome, including group status, ADHD symptom dimensions, sensory processing domains, and their interactions. Correction for multiple comparisons was applied within interaction families (Holm).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The ADHD group showed robust alterations in working memory and inhibitiory control compared with controls. Interaction analyses suggested that sensory processing styles can affect EF performance in opposite ways across groups: in ADHD, certain combinations of symptoms and sensory patterns were associated with worsened working memory and inhibition outcomes, whereas in controls, similar patterns tended to coincide with enhanced performance. However, these interactions did not remain significant after correction for multiple testing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings confirm robust EF alterations in ADHD and point to a potential, but as yet inconclusive, role of sensory processing in modulating EF. This highlights the importance of considering sensory–cognitive interactions in ADHD, while underlining the need for replication in larger, well-powered samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inflammatory markers mediate the association between depression and all-cause mortality: Evidence from NHANES 2007–2018 炎症标志物介导抑郁症和全因死亡率之间的关联：来自NHANES 2007-2018的证据

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101010

Yuehua Fei, Wei Yang, Yong Liu, Yanmei Yu, Tongcai Tan

Objective

Depressive symptoms are linked to increased all-cause mortality, but the biological mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated whether systemic inflammatory markers—white blood cell count (WBC) and red cell distribution width (RDW)—mediate the association between depression and mortality in U.S. adults.

Methods

Data from 13,061 participants in the 2007–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Cox proportional hazards models examined the association between depressive symptoms and all-cause mortality. Mediation analyses evaluated indirect effects of WBC and RDW.

Results

In fully adjusted models, severe depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥15) were associated with higher mortality risk (HR = 2.18; 95 % CI: 1.17–4.09; p < 0.001). Depression scores were positively correlated with WBC (β = 0.33) and RDW (β = 0.21). Elevated WBC and RDW levels independently predicted increased mortality (WBC HR = 1.37; RDW HR = 2.53). Mediation analyses indicated WBC and RDW explained 12.2 % and 30.8 % of the total effect of depression on mortality, respectively.

Conclusions

Depressive symptoms are significantly associated with higher all-cause mortality, partially mediated by systemic inflammation. RDW, in particular, may reflect chronic inflammatory burden linked to depression. These findings highlight the value of monitoring inflammatory markers in depression management to mitigate long-term mortality risk.

目的：抑郁症状与全因死亡率增加有关，但其生物学机制尚不清楚。本研究调查了系统性炎症标志物——白细胞计数（WBC）和红细胞分布宽度（RDW）——是否介导了美国成年人抑郁和死亡率之间的关联。方法对2007-2018年全国健康与营养检查调查（NHANES） 13061名参与者的数据进行分析。使用患者健康问卷-9 （PHQ-9）评估抑郁症。Cox比例风险模型检验了抑郁症状与全因死亡率之间的关系。中介分析评估了WBC和RDW的间接影响。结果在完全调整后的模型中，重度抑郁症状（PHQ-9≥15）与较高的死亡风险相关（HR = 2.18; 95% CI: 1.17-4.09; p < 0.001）。抑郁评分与WBC （β = 0.33）、RDW （β = 0.21）呈正相关。WBC和RDW水平升高独立预测死亡率增加（WBC HR = 1.37; RDW HR = 2.53）。中介分析表明，WBC和RDW分别解释了抑郁症对死亡率总影响的12.2%和30.8%。结论抑郁症状与高全因死亡率显著相关，部分由全身性炎症介导。RDW尤其可能反映与抑郁症相关的慢性炎症负担。这些发现强调了监测炎症标志物在抑郁症管理中降低长期死亡风险的价值。

{"title":"Inflammatory markers mediate the association between depression and all-cause mortality: Evidence from NHANES 2007–2018","authors":"Yuehua Fei, Wei Yang, Yong Liu, Yanmei Yu, Tongcai Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Depressive symptoms are linked to increased all-cause mortality, but the biological mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated whether systemic inflammatory markers—white blood cell count (WBC) and red cell distribution width (RDW)—mediate the association between depression and mortality in U.S. adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 13,061 participants in the 2007–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. Depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Cox proportional hazards models examined the association between depressive symptoms and all-cause mortality. Mediation analyses evaluated indirect effects of WBC and RDW.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In fully adjusted models, severe depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 ≥15) were associated with higher mortality risk (HR = 2.18; 95 % CI: 1.17–4.09; <em>p</em> < 0.001). Depression scores were positively correlated with WBC (β = 0.33) and RDW (β = 0.21). Elevated WBC and RDW levels independently predicted increased mortality (WBC HR = 1.37; RDW HR = 2.53). Mediation analyses indicated WBC and RDW explained 12.2 % and 30.8 % of the total effect of depression on mortality, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Depressive symptoms are significantly associated with higher all-cause mortality, partially mediated by systemic inflammation. RDW, in particular, may reflect chronic inflammatory burden linked to depression. These findings highlight the value of monitoring inflammatory markers in depression management to mitigate long-term mortality risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101010"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring psychological changes of parents during different phases of COVID-19: A cross-sectional study using factor analysis and k-means clustering 利用因子分析和k-均值聚类的横断面研究探讨新冠肺炎不同阶段家长的心理变化

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101004

Hailiang Guo , Xueqin Wang , Zhang Jin

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed critical gaps in mental health support systems for vulnerable populations. While prior studies have documented parental stress during acute pandemic phases, longitudinal patterns across pandemic stages remain unexplored. This large-scale study examines the trajectory of parental mental health in China through three distinct pandemic phases (containment, normalization, reopening), addressing the critical need for time-sensitive intervention strategies.

Methods

A total of 166,435 parents (81.9 % mothers) were administered self-assessment questionnaires concerning both the pandemic and their mental well-being, during three phases: initial outbreak (April 2020), sustained control (November 2020) and policy relaxation (November 2021). Exploratory factor analysis extracted six latent dimensions, which accounted for 44.8 % of the total variance. K-means clustering (k = 5 determined by elbow method) categorized participants into mental health profiles. Subsequently, changes in the proportions of different clusters across different time points were investigated.

Results

Mental health trajectories followed a U-shaped curve: the proportion of parents identified as optimists decreasing from 33.6 % during the initial lockdown to 23.2 % at the pandemic peak, followed by a rebound to 43.8 % in the post-restriction phase. Latent transition analysis revealed significantly higher volatility in mental health trajectories among younger parents (<30 years). Additionally, mothers reported higher levels of psychological distress compared to fathers.

Conclusion

Findings reveal parents’ complex emotional challenges during the pandemic, stressing the need for tailored support, especially for mothers. By emphasizing age and gender, the research deepens understanding of COVID-19′s psychological impacts and calls for refined mental health approaches in global crises.

2019冠状病毒病大流行暴露了弱势群体精神卫生支持系统的严重缺口。虽然先前的研究记录了大流行急性阶段的父母压力，但仍未探索大流行各阶段的纵向模式。这项大规模研究通过三个不同的大流行阶段（控制、正常化、重新开放）考察了中国父母心理健康的轨迹，解决了对时变干预策略的迫切需求。方法按疫情暴发（2020年4月）、持续控制（2020年11月）和政策放松（2021年11月）三个阶段，对166435名家长（其中81.9%为母亲）进行大流行及其心理健康自我评估问卷。探索性因子分析提取了6个潜在维度，占总方差的44.8%。k -均值聚类（k = 5，由肘部法确定）将参与者分为心理健康概况。随后，研究了不同集群在不同时间点上的比例变化。结果心理健康轨迹呈u型曲线：乐观父母比例从最初封锁期间的33.6%下降到疫情高峰期的23.2%，随后在限制后阶段反弹至43.8%。潜在转变分析显示，年轻父母（30岁）心理健康轨迹的波动性显著更高。此外，与父亲相比，母亲报告的心理困扰程度更高。研究结果揭示了大流行期间父母面临的复杂情感挑战，强调需要提供量身定制的支持，尤其是对母亲的支持。通过强调年龄和性别，该研究加深了对COVID-19心理影响的理解，并呼吁在全球危机中改进心理卫生方法。

{"title":"Exploring psychological changes of parents during different phases of COVID-19: A cross-sectional study using factor analysis and k-means clustering","authors":"Hailiang Guo , Xueqin Wang , Zhang Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed critical gaps in mental health support systems for vulnerable populations. While prior studies have documented parental stress during acute pandemic phases, longitudinal patterns across pandemic stages remain unexplored. This large-scale study examines the trajectory of parental mental health in China through three distinct pandemic phases (containment, normalization, reopening), addressing the critical need for time-sensitive intervention strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 166,435 parents (81.9 % mothers) were administered self-assessment questionnaires concerning both the pandemic and their mental well-being, during three phases: initial outbreak (April 2020), sustained control (November 2020) and policy relaxation (November 2021). Exploratory factor analysis extracted six latent dimensions, which accounted for 44.8 % of the total variance. K-means clustering (<em>k</em> = 5 determined by elbow method) categorized participants into mental health profiles. Subsequently, changes in the proportions of different clusters across different time points were investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mental health trajectories followed a U-shaped curve: the proportion of parents identified as optimists decreasing from 33.6 % during the initial lockdown to 23.2 % at the pandemic peak, followed by a rebound to 43.8 % in the post-restriction phase. Latent transition analysis revealed significantly higher volatility in mental health trajectories among younger parents (<30 years). Additionally, mothers reported higher levels of psychological distress compared to fathers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Findings reveal parents’ complex emotional challenges during the pandemic, stressing the need for tailored support, especially for mothers. By emphasizing age and gender, the research deepens understanding of COVID-19′s psychological impacts and calls for refined mental health approaches in global crises.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clarifying longitudinal associations between maternal mental health, perceived sleep quality, and perceived parental impact: A cross-lagged panel model 澄清母亲心理健康、感知睡眠质量和感知父母影响之间的纵向关联：一个交叉滞后面板模型

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101009

Katherine Séguin , Marie-Hélène Pennestri , Linda Booij , Raphaëlle Giac , Angélique Brun , Cathy Vaillancourt , Sarah Lippé , Catherine M. Herba , & the RESPPA team

Purpose

Pregnancy is a period of heightened vulnerability to mental illness. Research shows that poor sleep quality can predict mental health problems over time, although there is evidence of bidirectional associations. The objective was to study bidirectional links between maternal mental health, sleep quality and perceived parental impact over the perinatal period.

Methods

Pregnant individuals (M_age=31.13; SD=4.28) were recruited from October 2020-September 2022 for the Resilience and Perinatal Stress during the Pandemic (RESPPA) Study. Analyses (N = 1385) were conducted using cross-lagged panel models, with data collected from the third trimester of pregnancy (T1), at 3 months postpartum (T2) and 12 months postpartum (T3).

Results

Greater maternal anxiety symptoms at T1 were associated with poorer sleep quality at T2 (β=0.168, SE=0.035, p<.001), and with a lower sense of perceived parental impact at T2 (β=-0.141, SE=0.043, p=.001). Greater maternal depressive symptoms at T1 were associated with poorer sleep quality at T2 (β=0.151, SE=0.036, p<.001), and with a lower sense of perceived parental impact at T2 (β=-0.121, SE=0.044, p=.006). Greater maternal depressive symptoms at T2 were associated with a lower sense of perceived parental impact at T3 (β=-0.147, SE=0.039, p<.001). A lower sense of perceived parental impact at T2 was associated with greater maternal depressive symptoms at T3 (β=-0.102, SE=0.031, p=.001).

Conclusions

Results indicate associations between maternal mental health symptoms and subsequent perceived sleep quality, but not vice-versa. While anxiety and depressive symptoms were associated with subsequent perceived parental impact, perceived parental impact was also associated with subsequent depressive symptoms (but not anxiety symptoms).

目的：怀孕是一个易患精神疾病的时期。研究表明，睡眠质量差可以预测长期的心理健康问题，尽管有证据表明存在双向关联。目的是研究围产期产妇心理健康、睡眠质量和父母影响之间的双向联系。方法从2020年10月至2022年9月招募孕妇（Mage=31.13， SD=4.28），进行大流行期间的恢复力和围产期应激（RESPPA）研究。采用交叉滞后面板模型进行分析（N = 1385），数据收集于妊娠晚期（T1）、产后3个月（T2）和产后12个月（T3）。结果T1时母亲焦虑症状加重与T2时睡眠质量差相关（β=0.168， SE=0.035, p= 0.001）， T2时父母影响感较低相关（β=-0.141， SE=0.043, p= 0.001）。T1时母亲抑郁症状加重与T2时睡眠质量较差相关（β=0.151， SE=0.036, p= 0.001）， T2时父母影响感较低相关（β=-0.121， SE=0.044, p= 0.006）。T2时母亲抑郁症状加重与T3时父母影响感降低相关（β=-0.147， SE=0.039, p< 0.001）。T2阶段较低的父母影响感与T3阶段较高的母亲抑郁症状相关（β=-0.102， SE=0.031, p=.001）。结论：结果表明产妇心理健康症状与随后的感知睡眠质量之间存在关联，而反之则不存在关联。焦虑和抑郁症状与随后感知到的父母影响有关，而感知到的父母影响也与随后的抑郁症状有关（但与焦虑症状无关）。

{"title":"Clarifying longitudinal associations between maternal mental health, perceived sleep quality, and perceived parental impact: A cross-lagged panel model","authors":"Katherine Séguin , Marie-Hélène Pennestri , Linda Booij , Raphaëlle Giac , Angélique Brun , Cathy Vaillancourt , Sarah Lippé , Catherine M. Herba , & the RESPPA team","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Pregnancy is a period of heightened vulnerability to mental illness. Research shows that poor sleep quality can predict mental health problems over time, although there is evidence of bidirectional associations. The objective was to study bidirectional links between maternal mental health, sleep quality and perceived parental impact over the perinatal period.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Pregnant individuals (<em>M<sub>age</sub></em>=31.13; <em>SD</em>=4.28) were recruited from October 2020-September 2022 for the Resilience and Perinatal Stress during the Pandemic (RESPPA) Study. Analyses (<em>N</em> <em>=</em> 1385) were conducted using cross-lagged panel models, with data collected from the third trimester of pregnancy (T1), at 3 months postpartum (T2) and 12 months postpartum (T3).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Greater maternal anxiety symptoms at T1 were associated with poorer sleep quality at T2 (β=0.168, SE=0.035, <em>p</em><.001), and with a lower sense of perceived parental impact at T2 (β=-0.141, SE=0.043, <em>p</em>=.001). Greater maternal depressive symptoms at T1 were associated with poorer sleep quality at T2 (β=0.151, SE=0.036, <em>p</em><.001), and with a lower sense of perceived parental impact at T2 (β=-0.121, SE=0.044, <em>p</em>=.006). Greater maternal depressive symptoms at T2 were associated with a lower sense of perceived parental impact at T3 (β=-0.147, SE=0.039, <em>p</em><.001). A lower sense of perceived parental impact at T2 was associated with greater maternal depressive symptoms at T3 (β=-0.102, SE=0.031, <em>p</em>=.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results indicate associations between maternal mental health symptoms and subsequent perceived sleep quality, but not vice-versa. While anxiety and depressive symptoms were associated with subsequent perceived parental impact, perceived parental impact was also associated with subsequent depressive symptoms (but not anxiety symptoms).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101009"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards a better understanding of persistence of anxiety disorders: a network perspective 更好地理解焦虑症的持续性：网络视角

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101001

E.M. Hoogerwerf , H. Riese , P. Spinhoven , F. Lamers , R. Goekoop

Background

: This study aims to gain more insight into participants with anxiety disorders by conducting network analysis with experience sampling methodology data (i.e. data measured multiple times a day via smartphone), comparing group networks of participants diagnosed with an anxiety disorder and healthy controls. We expect the networks of participants with an anxiety disorder to be more connected and to reveal relationships between symptoms that may perpetuate problems.

Methods

224 participants, 141 diagnosed with an anxiety disorder (Group A) at baseline (T0) and 83 healthy controls (Group B), from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety participated in ESM monitoring at 9-year follow-up (T1). Anxiety disorder status was assessed at T1 as well and used to group participants into group A-1, anxiety disorder at T0 and T1, and A-2, anxiety disorder at T0 but not at T1. 6 ESM items were used to conduct network analysis. The permutation test mnet was used to inspect the networks for significant differences.

Results

The autoregression coefficients of ESM-items ‘worrying’ and ‘nervousness’ were larger in Group A compared to group B, as well as the temporal influence of worrying on tiredness. The autoregression coefficients of worrying and tiredness were larger in Group A-2 than in Group A-1, those of enthusiasm were larger in Group A-1. The influence of tiredness on apathy was greater in Group A-2.

Conclusions

It seems likely that participants with chronic mood- and anxiety disorders are not distinct from each other on a level of symptomatic interconnectedness, even if they differ in diagnostic categories 9 years after baseline. These findings confirm the existing information regarding the chronic course that anxiety disorders often take.

背景：本研究旨在通过经验抽样法数据（即通过智能手机每天多次测量数据）进行网络分析，比较诊断为焦虑症的参与者和健康对照组的群体网络，从而更深入地了解焦虑症参与者。我们希望焦虑症患者的网络能够更加紧密地联系在一起，并揭示可能导致问题持续存在的症状之间的关系。方法来自荷兰抑郁与焦虑研究的224名受试者，在基线（T0）时诊断为焦虑障碍的141名（A组）和83名健康对照（B组）参与了9年随访（T1）的ESM监测。在T1时也评估了焦虑障碍状况，并将参与者分为A-1组，在T0和T1时出现焦虑障碍，A-2组，在T0时出现焦虑障碍，但在T1时没有。使用6个ESM项目进行网络分析。使用置换测试mnet来检查网络是否存在显著差异。结果A组esm项目“担忧”和“紧张”的自回归系数大于B组，担忧对疲劳的时间影响也大于B组。A-2组焦虑、疲劳自回归系数大于A-1组，热情自回归系数大于A-1组。疲倦对冷漠的影响在A-2组更大。结论：慢性情绪和焦虑障碍的参与者在症状相互联系的水平上似乎没有区别，即使他们在基线后9年的诊断类别有所不同。这些发现证实了现有的关于焦虑症的慢性病程的信息。

{"title":"Towards a better understanding of persistence of anxiety disorders: a network perspective","authors":"E.M. Hoogerwerf , H. Riese , P. Spinhoven , F. Lamers , R. Goekoop","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>:</em> This study aims to gain more insight into participants with anxiety disorders by conducting network analysis with experience sampling methodology data (i.e. data measured multiple times a day via smartphone), comparing group networks of participants diagnosed with an anxiety disorder and healthy controls. We expect the networks of participants with an anxiety disorder to be more connected and to reveal relationships between symptoms that may perpetuate problems.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>224 participants, 141 diagnosed with an anxiety disorder (Group A) at baseline (T0) and 83 healthy controls (Group B), from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety participated in ESM monitoring at 9-year follow-up (T1). Anxiety disorder status was assessed at T1 as well and used to group participants into group A-1, anxiety disorder at T0 and T1, and A-2, anxiety disorder at T0 but not at T1. 6 ESM items were used to conduct network analysis. The permutation test <em>mnet</em> was used to inspect the networks for significant differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The autoregression coefficients of ESM-items ‘worrying’ and ‘nervousness’ were larger in Group A compared to group B, as well as the temporal influence of worrying on tiredness. The autoregression coefficients of worrying and tiredness were larger in Group A-2 than in Group A-1, those of enthusiasm were larger in Group A-1. The influence of tiredness on apathy was greater in Group A-2.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>It seems likely that participants with chronic mood- and anxiety disorders are not distinct from each other on a level of symptomatic interconnectedness, even if they differ in diagnostic categories 9 years after baseline. These findings confirm the existing information regarding the chronic course that anxiety disorders often take.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Positive depression screening and associated factors among children with sickle cell anemia attending a tertiary hospital in Mwanza, Tanzania: A Cross-sectional study 在坦桑尼亚姆万扎一家三级医院就诊的镰状细胞性贫血儿童的阳性抑郁筛查及相关因素：一项横断面研究

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101006

Eunice H. Barnabas , Matiko Mwita , Rogatus M. Kabyemera , Emmanuela E. Ambrose

Background

Depression is an increasingly important public health concern among children, particularly those living with chronic illnesses, including sickle cell anemia. Due to a lack of routine screening in sickle cell clinics, depression often goes undiagnosed and untreated, making it crucial to assess its magnitude for appropriate intervention. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with positive depression screening among children with sickle cell anemia attending Bugando Medical Centre, a tertiary hospital in Mwanza, northwestern Tanzania.

Methods

A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among children with sickle cell anemia attending the pediatric and medical outpatient clinics at Bugando Medical Centre. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data on sociodemographic and disease severity while likelihood of depression was determined using the Children's Depression Inventory tool. Participants were recruited using a systematic sampling technique between January 1st and March 31st 2024.

Results

A total of 200 participants were enrolled, with a median age of 11 [IQR 9–13] years and more than half of the participants were male, 104 (52.0 %). Elevated risk of depression was identified in 20 % of the children. Children in middle adolescence (AOR:3.1, 95 % CI:1.1–8.2, p = 0.036) and those with severe sickle cell anemia (AOR:5.0, 95 % CI:1.5–19.6, p = 0.010) had higher odds of positive depression screening.

Conclusion

One in five children with sickle cell anemia demonstrated symptoms of depression, highlighting a significant mental health burden and underscoring the urgent need for targeted mental health interventions, especially among sickle cell anemia patients in middle adolescence and those with severe sickle cell anemia.

抑郁症是儿童中日益重要的公共卫生问题，特别是那些患有慢性疾病的儿童，包括镰状细胞性贫血。由于镰状细胞诊所缺乏常规筛查，抑郁症经常未得到诊断和治疗，因此评估其严重程度以进行适当干预至关重要。因此，本研究旨在确定在坦桑尼亚西北部姆万扎的三级医院Bugando医疗中心就诊的镰状细胞性贫血儿童的患病率及其与积极抑郁筛查相关的因素。方法对在Bugando医疗中心儿科和门诊就诊的镰状细胞性贫血儿童进行了一项以医院为基础的横断面研究。使用结构化问卷收集社会人口学和疾病严重程度的数据，同时使用儿童抑郁症清单工具确定抑郁症的可能性。参与者在2024年1月1日至3月31日期间采用系统抽样技术招募。结果共纳入200例受试者，中位年龄为11岁[IQR 9-13]岁，男性104例（52.0%），超过半数。20%的儿童患抑郁症的风险升高。青春期中期儿童（AOR:3.1, 95% CI: 1.1-8.2, p = 0.036）和重度镰状细胞性贫血儿童（AOR:5.0, 95% CI: 1.5-19.6, p = 0.010）抑郁筛查阳性的几率更高。结论五分之一的镰状细胞性贫血患儿表现出抑郁症状，这突出了严重的心理健康负担，并强调了迫切需要有针对性的心理健康干预，特别是在青春期中期的镰状细胞性贫血患者和严重的镰状细胞性贫血患者中。

{"title":"Positive depression screening and associated factors among children with sickle cell anemia attending a tertiary hospital in Mwanza, Tanzania: A Cross-sectional study","authors":"Eunice H. Barnabas , Matiko Mwita , Rogatus M. Kabyemera , Emmanuela E. Ambrose","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Depression is an increasingly important public health concern among children, particularly those living with chronic illnesses, including sickle cell anemia. Due to a lack of routine screening in sickle cell clinics, depression often goes undiagnosed and untreated, making it crucial to assess its magnitude for appropriate intervention. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with positive depression screening among children with sickle cell anemia attending Bugando Medical Centre, a tertiary hospital in Mwanza, northwestern Tanzania.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among children with sickle cell anemia attending the pediatric and medical outpatient clinics at Bugando Medical Centre. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data on sociodemographic and disease severity while likelihood of depression was determined using the Children's Depression Inventory tool. Participants were recruited using a systematic sampling technique between January 1st and March 31st 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 200 participants were enrolled, with a median age of 11 [IQR 9–13] years and more than half of the participants were male, 104 (52.0 %). Elevated risk of depression was identified in 20 % of the children. Children in middle adolescence (AOR:3.1, 95 % CI:1.1–8.2, <em>p</em> = 0.036) and those with severe sickle cell anemia (AOR:5.0, 95 % CI:1.5–19.6, <em>p</em> = 0.010) had higher odds of positive depression screening.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>One in five children with sickle cell anemia demonstrated symptoms of depression, highlighting a significant mental health burden and underscoring the urgent need for targeted mental health interventions, especially among sickle cell anemia patients in middle adolescence and those with severe sickle cell anemia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101006"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disparities in suicidal thoughts and behaviors by sexual and gender identity: A national study of high school students in the US, 2023 性别和性别认同在自杀想法和行为方面的差异：一项针对美国高中生的全国性研究，2023

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101007

Dale S. Mantey , Anna C. Holdiman , Alex Lao , R․Andrew Yockey

Introduction

Suicide is the second leading cause of death among youth in the US. Individuals who identify as sexual and gender minorities are at disproportionate risk of suicide. This study aims to quantify disparities in suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) by sexual and gender identity in a nationally representative sample of high school students in the US.

Methods

We analyzed data from n = 15,073 US high school students via the 2023 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey (YRBSS). Four (4) multivariate logistic regressions compared STBs (hopelessness; suicidal ideations; planned attempts; past attempts) by sexual identity and by gender identity. A multivariate ordinal logistic regression examined a composite score (0–4) of STBs. Models controlled for sex, grade, race, ethnicity, and bullying victimization.

Results

Youth who identified as transgender had greater odds of reporting hopelessness (aOR: 3.50), suicidal ideations (aOR: 4.23), planned attempt (aOR: 2.96), and past attempts (aOR: 2.96), relative to those who identified as cisgender; similar estimates were observed for youth who reported being unsure of their gender identity. Youth who identified as gay/lesbian (aOR: 3.02), bisexual (aOR: 4.11), questioning (aOR: 3.12), and other (aOR: 5.06) had significantly higher odds of reporting more severe symptoms of STBs relative to heterosexual youth.

Conclusion

Youth who identified as transgender had 3 to 4 times greater odds of STBs in a national sample; sexual identity was similarly associated with STBs. Interventions that expand prevention resources and improve social support for youth who identify as sexual and gender minorities are critically needed.

Implications and Contribution

Transgender and sexual minority youth are more likely to report each type of STB and to report more severe symptoms of suicidality. These data suggest the need for multifaceted, suicide prevention programs tailored preventing and reduce STBs among youth, particularly transgender and sexual minority youth.

在美国，自杀是导致青少年死亡的第二大原因。被认为是性和性别少数群体的人自杀的风险不成比例。本研究旨在量化美国高中生在性和性别认同方面的自杀想法和行为（STBs）差异。方法我们分析了2023年青少年危险行为监测调查（YRBSS）中n = 15073名美国高中生的数据。四(4)个多变量逻辑回归比较了性传播感染（绝望、自杀意念、有计划的企图、过去的企图）在性别认同和性别认同方面的差异。多元有序逻辑回归检验了STBs的综合评分（0-4）。模型控制了性别、年级、种族、民族和欺凌受害者。结果跨性别青少年报告绝望（aOR: 3.50）、自杀意念（aOR: 4.23）、计划企图（aOR: 2.96）和过去企图（aOR: 2.96）的几率高于顺性别青少年；对于那些不确定自己性别认同的年轻人，也观察到了类似的估计。同性恋（aOR: 3.02）、双性恋（aOR: 4.11）、有疑问（aOR: 3.12）和其他（aOR: 5.06）的青少年报告性传播感染症状更严重的几率明显高于异性恋青年。结论：在全国范围内，被认定为跨性别者的青少年感染性病的几率是被认定为跨性别者的3 ~ 4倍；性身份与性传播疾病也有类似的联系。迫切需要采取干预措施，扩大预防资源，改善对性和性别少数群体青年的社会支持。影响和贡献跨性别和性少数群体青年更有可能报告每种类型的性传播感染，并报告更严重的自杀症状。这些数据表明，需要针对青少年，特别是跨性别和性少数群体，制定多方面的自杀预防计划，预防和减少性传播感染。

{"title":"Disparities in suicidal thoughts and behaviors by sexual and gender identity: A national study of high school students in the US, 2023","authors":"Dale S. Mantey , Anna C. Holdiman , Alex Lao , R․Andrew Yockey","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Suicide is the second leading cause of death among youth in the US. Individuals who identify as sexual and gender minorities are at disproportionate risk of suicide. This study aims to quantify disparities in suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) by sexual and gender identity in a nationally representative sample of high school students in the US.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from <em>n</em> = 15,073 US high school students via the 2023 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey (YRBSS). Four (4) multivariate logistic regressions compared STBs (hopelessness; suicidal ideations; planned attempts; past attempts) by sexual identity and by gender identity. A multivariate ordinal logistic regression examined a composite score (0–4) of STBs. Models controlled for sex, grade, race, ethnicity, and bullying victimization.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Youth who identified as transgender had greater odds of reporting hopelessness (aOR: 3.50), suicidal ideations (aOR: 4.23), planned attempt (aOR: 2.96), and past attempts (aOR: 2.96), relative to those who identified as cisgender; similar estimates were observed for youth who reported being unsure of their gender identity. Youth who identified as gay/lesbian (aOR: 3.02), bisexual (aOR: 4.11), questioning (aOR: 3.12), and other (aOR: 5.06) had significantly higher odds of reporting more severe symptoms of STBs relative to heterosexual youth.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Youth who identified as transgender had 3 to 4 times greater odds of STBs in a national sample; sexual identity was similarly associated with STBs. Interventions that expand prevention resources and improve social support for youth who identify as sexual and gender minorities are critically needed.</div></div><div><h3>Implications and Contribution</h3><div>Transgender and sexual minority youth are more likely to report each type of STB and to report more severe symptoms of suicidality. These data suggest the need for multifaceted, suicide prevention programs tailored preventing and reduce STBs among youth, particularly transgender and sexual minority youth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101007"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among pharmacy students at Wad Medani College of Medical Sciences and Technology during wartime in Sudan 苏丹战争期间Wad Medani医学科学和技术学院药学学生创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的流行

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101011

Azza Amin , Duaa A. Alsmany , Abubaker Mohamed , Al hissen Abubaker , Thurya Almahi , Zainab Hashim , Ahmed Osman , Yousif B. Hamdalneel , Mohamed Elmustafa , Alhumaira Wedaa

Millions of Sudanese people have been forced to flee their homes since war erupted in April 2023. Subsequently, an alarmingly high prevalence of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among internally displaced people has been described. This war has resulted in the displacement, loss of shelter, suspension of study, destruction of personal property, and other war-related traumatic events for the majority of pharmacy students in the country. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of PTSD among pharmacy students at Wad Medani College of Medical Sciences and Technology, and to explore the association between socio-demographic data, traumatic events, and PTSD prevalence. This was a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire that collected data about socio-demographics, encountered traumatic events, and the PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). For associations, the chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used. Overall, 45.6 % of the 456 participating pharmacy students met the criteria for PTSD. The war in Wad Medani, Sudan, led to the displacement of 94.3 % of the pharmacy students. More than half of them sought refuge in neighbouring countries. Economic status had a statistically significant association with PTSD prevalence (OR=1.497, CI (1.108 - 2.021)). All Traumatic events, such as lack of shelter (OR=2.113, CI (1.142- 3.913)), and being forced to hide (OR=2.078, CI (1.323- 3.265)) were significantly associated with PTSD. A large proportion of pharmacy students in this study may potentially be suffering from PTSD, indicating a pressing need for more research and targeted mental health services in settings affected by this conflict.

自2023年4月战争爆发以来，数百万苏丹人被迫逃离家园。随后，国内流离失所者中创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的患病率高得惊人。这场战争导致流离失所，失去住所，暂停学习，毁坏个人财产，以及该国大多数药学学生的其他与战争有关的创伤事件。因此，本研究旨在估计Wad Medani医学科学与技术学院药学专业学生的PTSD患病率，并探讨社会人口统计学数据、创伤事件与PTSD患病率之间的关系。这是一项横断面研究，使用在线问卷收集社会人口统计数据，遇到的创伤事件，以及DSM-5 （PCL-5）的创伤后应激障碍清单。对于相关性，使用卡方检验和二元逻辑回归。总体而言，456名参与研究的药学学生中有45.6%符合PTSD的标准。苏丹Wad Medani的战争导致94.3%的药学专业学生流离失所。其中一半以上的人在邻国寻求庇护。经济状况与PTSD患病率有统计学显著相关（OR=1.497， CI(1.108 - 2.021)）。所有创伤性事件，如缺乏庇护所（OR=2.113， CI(1.142- 3.913)）和被迫躲藏（OR=2.078， CI(1.323- 3.265)）均与PTSD显著相关。在这项研究中，很大一部分药学专业的学生可能患有创伤后应激障碍，这表明迫切需要在受这种冲突影响的环境中进行更多的研究和有针对性的心理健康服务。

{"title":"Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among pharmacy students at Wad Medani College of Medical Sciences and Technology during wartime in Sudan","authors":"Azza Amin , Duaa A. Alsmany , Abubaker Mohamed , Al hissen Abubaker , Thurya Almahi , Zainab Hashim , Ahmed Osman , Yousif B. Hamdalneel , Mohamed Elmustafa , Alhumaira Wedaa","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.101011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Millions of Sudanese people have been forced to flee their homes since war erupted in April 2023. Subsequently, an alarmingly high prevalence of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among internally displaced people has been described. This war has resulted in the displacement, loss of shelter, suspension of study, destruction of personal property, and other war-related traumatic events for the majority of pharmacy students in the country. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of PTSD among pharmacy students at Wad Medani College of Medical Sciences and Technology, and to explore the association between socio-demographic data, traumatic events, and PTSD prevalence. This was a cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire that collected data about socio-demographics, encountered traumatic events, and the PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). For associations, the chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used. Overall, 45.6 % of the 456 participating pharmacy students met the criteria for PTSD. The war in Wad Medani, Sudan, led to the displacement of 94.3 % of the pharmacy students. More than half of them sought refuge in neighbouring countries. Economic status had a statistically significant association with PTSD prevalence (OR=1.497, CI (1.108 - 2.021)). All Traumatic events, such as lack of shelter (OR=2.113, CI (1.142- 3.913)), and being forced to hide (OR=2.078, CI (1.323- 3.265)) were significantly associated with PTSD. A large proportion of pharmacy students in this study may potentially be suffering from PTSD, indicating a pressing need for more research and targeted mental health services in settings affected by this conflict.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 101011"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical and neurobiological depression-associated factors: A cross-sectional study 生理和神经生物学抑郁相关因素：一项横断面研究

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100998

Eling D. de Bruin , Nadine Buffat , Emanuel Brunner , Davy Vancampfort , Stefan Büchi , Josef Jenewein , Patrick Eggenberger

Background

A diagnosis of depression is traditionally made based on clinical criteria, including current symptomatology and history. This process relies on subjective interpretation only. Identification of objective depression-associated factors using appropriate statistical methods can help formulate prevention and refine treatment programs and policies aimed at reducing depression burden. The purpose of this study was to test whether physical and neurobiological markers might be important depression-associated factors.

Methods

Ninety adults (mean age (SD) 45.7 (10.8) years, 55 females) were categorized as depressed or non-depressed. All were assessed for executive functions, heart rate variability (HRV), gait, and prefrontal cortex oxygenation during walking (measured with functional near-infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS). Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and planned contrasts were performed to determine independent associations with a diagnosis of depression and assess differences between groups.

Results

LASSO regression analysis resulted in variable selection from gait, executive functions, HRV, and fNIRS measures. The resulting multiparametric model displayed very high predictive power to distinguish non-depressed individuals from those with depression (area under the curve, AUC = 0.946). Planned contrasts revealed that depression significantly differs from non-depression regarding selected single measures of executive functioning (e.g., r = 0.16, p ˂ 0.009), HRV (e.g., r = 0.14, p = 0.05), gait (e.g., r = 0.19, p ˂ 0.001), and fNIRS (e.g., r = 0.16, p = 0.04).

Conclusions

The identified depression-associated factors can possibly be combinedly used to raise awareness of modifiable factors associated with depression. Our findings warrant further investigations into the causality of the associations to determine their possible utility as modifiable risk factors and to identify their relevance within novel treatments in individuals with depression.

传统上，抑郁症的诊断是基于临床标准，包括当前的症状和病史。这个过程只依赖于主观的解释。使用适当的统计方法识别客观的抑郁相关因素可以帮助制定预防和完善旨在减轻抑郁负担的治疗方案和政策。本研究的目的是测试生理和神经生物学标记是否可能是抑郁症相关的重要因素。方法90例成人（平均年龄45.7（10.8）岁，女性55例）分为抑郁症和非抑郁症。评估所有患者的执行功能、心率变异性（HRV）、步态和行走时前额皮质氧合（用功能性近红外光谱（fNIRS）测量）。进行最小绝对收缩和选择算子（LASSO）回归和计划对比，以确定与抑郁症诊断的独立关联，并评估组间差异。结果采用slasso回归分析，从步态、执行功能、HRV和fNIRS测量中选择变量。所得的多参数模型在区分非抑郁个体和抑郁个体方面显示出很高的预测能力（曲线下面积，AUC = 0.946）。计划对比显示，抑郁症与非抑郁症在执行功能（例如，r = 0.16， p小于0.009）、HRV（例如，r = 0.14, p = 0.05）、步态（例如，r = 0.19， p小于0.001）和近红外光谱（例如，r = 0.16, p = 0.04）的选择单一测量方面有显著差异。结论已确定的抑郁症相关因素可联合应用，提高对抑郁症相关可变因素的认识。我们的发现保证了对这些关联的因果关系进行进一步的调查，以确定它们作为可改变的风险因素的可能效用，并确定它们与抑郁症患者的新治疗方法的相关性。

{"title":"Physical and neurobiological depression-associated factors: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Eling D. de Bruin , Nadine Buffat , Emanuel Brunner , Davy Vancampfort , Stefan Büchi , Josef Jenewein , Patrick Eggenberger","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A diagnosis of depression is traditionally made based on clinical criteria, including current symptomatology and history. This process relies on subjective interpretation only. Identification of objective depression-associated factors using appropriate statistical methods can help formulate prevention and refine treatment programs and policies aimed at reducing depression burden. The purpose of this study was to test whether physical and neurobiological markers might be important depression-associated factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ninety adults (mean age (SD) 45.7 (10.8) years, 55 females) were categorized as depressed or non-depressed. All were assessed for executive functions, heart rate variability (HRV), gait, and prefrontal cortex oxygenation during walking (measured with functional near-infrared spectroscopy, fNIRS). Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression and planned contrasts were performed to determine independent associations with a diagnosis of depression and assess differences between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>LASSO regression analysis resulted in variable selection from gait, executive functions, HRV, and fNIRS measures. The resulting multiparametric model displayed very high predictive power to distinguish non-depressed individuals from those with depression (area under the curve, AUC = 0.946). Planned contrasts revealed that depression significantly differs from non-depression regarding selected single measures of executive functioning (e.g., <em>r</em> = 0.16, <em>p</em> ˂ 0.009), HRV (e.g., <em>r</em> = 0.14, <em>p</em> <em>=</em> 0.05), gait (e.g., <em>r</em> = 0.19, <em>p</em> ˂ 0.001), and fNIRS (e.g., <em>r</em> = 0.<em>16, p</em> = 0.04).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The identified depression-associated factors can possibly be combinedly used to raise awareness of modifiable factors associated with depression. Our findings warrant further investigations into the causality of the associations to determine their possible utility as modifiable risk factors and to identify their relevance within novel treatments in individuals with depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100998"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of expectations on treatment outcomes following intensive psychotherapy in inpatients with major depression 重度抑郁症住院患者强化心理治疗后预期对治疗结果的影响

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100997

Reinhard Maß , Kerstin Backhaus , Bodo Karsten Unkelbach

Patients’ expectations concerning the effectiveness of treatment play a significant role in shaping clinical outcomes. These expectations are, in part, influenced by the explanatory models patients hold regarding the etiology of their illness. In the case of depression, both psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatment options are available, each associated with distinct etiological models—psychological and biomedical, respectively.

Our study aimed to examine the significance of pre-treatment expectations regarding the helpfulness of medication or psychotherapy for treatment outcomes in depression.

A total of 635 inpatients diagnosed with major depressive disorder were included. Upon admission, all patients were asked to rate two statements assessing their expectations regarding the potential benefits of medication and psychotherapy. Depressive symptom severity was evaluated using the revised Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Additionally, a subsample of 290 patients was queried about their beliefs concerning the etiology of their depression, including ongoing stress, metabolic imbalances in the brain, adverse childhood experiences, and genetic predisposition.

Mean BDI-II scores decreased substantially from admission to discharge. Expectations of receiving help through medication were more strongly associated with biomedical explanatory models, whereas expectations of benefiting from psychotherapy were more closely linked to psychological explanations. Regression analysis revealed that the reduction in depressive symptoms was attenuated by high expectations of benefit from medication, while optimistic expectations regarding psychotherapy were associated with greater symptom improvement.

Our findings suggest that fostering patients’ confidence in psychotherapy is important. Moreover, biomedical explanations for depression should not be promoted, particularly given the limited scientific evidence supporting them.

患者对治疗效果的期望在塑造临床结果中起着重要作用。这些期望在一定程度上受到患者对其疾病病因的解释模型的影响。在抑郁症的情况下，心理治疗和药物治疗两种选择都是可用的，每一种都与不同的病因模型有关——分别是心理和生物医学。我们的研究旨在检验治疗前预期对药物或心理治疗对抑郁症治疗结果的帮助的重要性。共纳入635名诊断为重度抑郁症的住院患者。入院时，所有患者都被要求对两份陈述进行评分，评估他们对药物治疗和心理治疗的潜在益处的期望。使用修订后的贝克抑郁量表（BDI-II）评估抑郁症状的严重程度。此外，290名患者的子样本被问及他们对抑郁症病因的看法，包括持续的压力、大脑中的代谢失衡、不良的童年经历和遗传易感性。平均BDI-II评分从入院到出院期间显著下降。通过药物治疗获得帮助的期望与生物医学解释模型联系更紧密，而从心理治疗中获益的期望与心理解释联系更紧密。回归分析显示，对药物治疗的高期望会减弱抑郁症状的减轻，而对心理治疗的乐观期望则会使症状得到更大的改善。我们的研究结果表明，培养患者对心理治疗的信心是重要的。此外，不应该提倡对抑郁症的生物医学解释，特别是考虑到支持这些解释的科学证据有限。

{"title":"The impact of expectations on treatment outcomes following intensive psychotherapy in inpatients with major depression","authors":"Reinhard Maß , Kerstin Backhaus , Bodo Karsten Unkelbach","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Patients’ expectations concerning the effectiveness of treatment play a significant role in shaping clinical outcomes. These expectations are, in part, influenced by the explanatory models patients hold regarding the etiology of their illness. In the case of depression, both psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatment options are available, each associated with distinct etiological models—psychological and biomedical, respectively.</div><div>Our study aimed to examine the significance of pre-treatment expectations regarding the helpfulness of medication or psychotherapy for treatment outcomes in depression.</div><div>A total of 635 inpatients diagnosed with major depressive disorder were included. Upon admission, all patients were asked to rate two statements assessing their expectations regarding the potential benefits of medication and psychotherapy. Depressive symptom severity was evaluated using the revised Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). Additionally, a subsample of 290 patients was queried about their beliefs concerning the etiology of their depression, including ongoing stress, metabolic imbalances in the brain, adverse childhood experiences, and genetic predisposition.</div><div>Mean BDI-II scores decreased substantially from admission to discharge. Expectations of receiving help through medication were more strongly associated with biomedical explanatory models, whereas expectations of benefiting from psychotherapy were more closely linked to psychological explanations. Regression analysis revealed that the reduction in depressive symptoms was attenuated by high expectations of benefit from medication, while optimistic expectations regarding psychotherapy were associated with greater symptom improvement.</div><div>Our findings suggest that fostering patients’ confidence in psychotherapy is important. Moreover, biomedical explanations for depression should not be promoted, particularly given the limited scientific evidence supporting them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100997"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145618499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0