“Two birds one stone” strategy to integrate electromagnetic wave absorption and self-anticorrosion in magnetic nanocomposites with double-shell hollow structure

Abstract

Magnetic metal has broad application prospects in the field of electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption due to its excellent dielectric and magnetic properties. However, high density and poor chemical stability constrain their development potential. The combination of magnetic metals with other lightweight carbon materials is an effective solution. In this work, magnetic nanoparticle fiber composites were prepared by electrostatic spinning and high-temperature annealing processes. By adjusting the preparation process and annealing temperature, Co/Co₇Fe₃/CF-800 fiber composites containing double-shell hollow structured nanocubes were cleverly synthesized. The material is mixed with paraffin wax and has a minimum reflection loss (RL) of –52.14 dB and a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 6.16 GHz at a load of 10 wt%. By analyzing the electromagnetic parameters of the material, it was demonstrated that the material absorbs EMW through the synergistic effect of dielectric and magnetic losses. Electrochemical testing in a simulated seawater environment demonstrated that the material also has a degree of self-anticorrosion capability. This work provides new strategies for designing materials with excellent electromagnetic wave absorption and self-anticorrosion properties.