Conventional material processing methods struggle to overcome the strength-plasticity trade-off inherent in metallic materials. Enhancing material strength typically results in a concomitant reduction in plasticity. In this work, through high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) treatment, the conventional inverse relationship between strength and plasticity in CuCr50 composite following traditional processing methods is overcome. The tensile strength increases from 260.96 ± 6.48 to 408.39 ± 7.65 MPa, and elongation increases from 33.82% ± 2.03% to 44.85% ± 2.40% after HPHT (5 GPa, 900°C) treatment. HPHT treatment improves the roundness of Cr particles and enhances the bonding strength of the Cu/Cr interface. After HPHT (5 GPa, 900°C) treatment, dislocation cells develop in Cu. Effective stress transfer across interfaces mitigates stress concentration, facilitates the formation and continuous refinement of dislocation cells in Cr. These promote the coordinated deformation of Cu and Cr during the tensile process, significantly enhancing the strength and toughness of CuCr50 composites. The effective proliferation and storage of dislocations further tapped into the material’s potential for deformation. These results establish a novel theoretical foundation and outline an innovative technical pathway for the future development of high-performance metal-based composites through HPHT technology.
{"title":"High-pressure and high-temperature treatment overcoming the strength-ductility trade-off in CuCr50 composite","authors":"Weiyang Long, Zheng Wei, Zaoli Zhang, Zhiyuan Zhu, Guoshang Zhang, Yifan Yan, Haoran Wu, Mingzhu You, Kai Li, Pengfei Yue, Hongfei Zhang, Rui li, Yonghao Zhao, Kexing Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.051","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional material processing methods struggle to overcome the strength-plasticity trade-off inherent in metallic materials. Enhancing material strength typically results in a concomitant reduction in plasticity. In this work, through high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT) treatment, the conventional inverse relationship between strength and plasticity in CuCr50 composite following traditional processing methods is overcome. The tensile strength increases from 260.96 ± 6.48 to 408.39 ± 7.65 MPa, and elongation increases from 33.82% ± 2.03% to 44.85% ± 2.40% after HPHT (5 GPa, 900°C) treatment. HPHT treatment improves the roundness of Cr particles and enhances the bonding strength of the Cu/Cr interface. After HPHT (5 GPa, 900°C) treatment, dislocation cells develop in Cu. Effective stress transfer across interfaces mitigates stress concentration, facilitates the formation and continuous refinement of dislocation cells in Cr. These promote the coordinated deformation of Cu and Cr during the tensile process, significantly enhancing the strength and toughness of CuCr50 composites. The effective proliferation and storage of dislocations further tapped into the material’s potential for deformation. These results establish a novel theoretical foundation and outline an innovative technical pathway for the future development of high-performance metal-based composites through HPHT technology.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"181 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.052
Hao Wang, Runze Yu, Yong Wang, Han Zhang, Shijie Xu, Suotao Wang, Zibo Zhao, Tianxiang Gao, Yuxing Guo, Zhaojie Wang, Junsong Zhang, Fengchao An, Xinyu Zhang, Riping Liu
The loss of ductility has been widely observed in tensile experiments of annealed Fe-Mn-Al-C-based lightweight steels due to complex intermetallic phases embrittlement. Here, we develop a precipitation-tailoring strategy to overcome this degradation of deformability by realizing brittle intermetallic phases (D03 and κ-carbide) refinement and deformation twins in a Si-alloyed Fe-Mn-Al-C lightweight steel with a very high stacking fault energy of ∼80 mJ/m2. The fine intermetallic phases, enabled by Si addition and annealing adjustment, contribute to an ultrahigh true tensile stress (up to ∼1.9 GPa) by the interaction between dislocations and these intermetallic phases. The superior strengthening effect enhances the flow stress to reach the critical stress for deformation twins (∼1.7 GPa). The formation of nanotwins and co-deformation between matrix and fine intermetallic phases, in turn, assist further strain hardening and alleviate strain localization. As a result, the ductility loss caused by intermetallic phase-induced embrittlement in this steel can be recovered. The combination of hard yet deformable intermetallic phases and nanotwins provides a novel precipitation design for developing strong and ductile alloys containing brittle intermetallic phases.
{"title":"Enhancing strength and counteracting embrittlement in a Si-alloyed Fe-Mn-Al-C lightweight steel by precipitation-tailoring strategy","authors":"Hao Wang, Runze Yu, Yong Wang, Han Zhang, Shijie Xu, Suotao Wang, Zibo Zhao, Tianxiang Gao, Yuxing Guo, Zhaojie Wang, Junsong Zhang, Fengchao An, Xinyu Zhang, Riping Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.052","url":null,"abstract":"The loss of ductility has been widely observed in tensile experiments of annealed Fe-Mn-Al-C-based lightweight steels due to complex intermetallic phases embrittlement. Here, we develop a precipitation-tailoring strategy to overcome this degradation of deformability by realizing brittle intermetallic phases (D0<sub>3</sub> and κ-carbide) refinement and deformation twins in a Si-alloyed Fe-Mn-Al-C lightweight steel with a very high stacking fault energy of ∼80 mJ/m<sup>2</sup>. The fine intermetallic phases, enabled by Si addition and annealing adjustment, contribute to an ultrahigh true tensile stress (up to ∼1.9 GPa) by the interaction between dislocations and these intermetallic phases. The superior strengthening effect enhances the flow stress to reach the critical stress for deformation twins (∼1.7 GPa). The formation of nanotwins and co-deformation between matrix and fine intermetallic phases, in turn, assist further strain hardening and alleviate strain localization. As a result, the ductility loss caused by intermetallic phase-induced embrittlement in this steel can be recovered. The combination of hard yet deformable intermetallic phases and nanotwins provides a novel precipitation design for developing strong and ductile alloys containing brittle intermetallic phases.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Selective ion doping is a promising approach to boost dielectric properties in perovskite ceramics. However, challenges remain in leveraging the clash of the dielectric properties with the dielectric constant and quality factor. To balance this trade-off, A/B-site co-doping could be a potentially ideal solution. Unfortunately, effective co-doping strategies have been overlooked owing to the absence of rational A-site cation selection, significantly hindering the optimization of material properties. Here, we fabricated Sr1−1.5xCexTi1−y(Al0.5Ta0.5)yO3 co-doped materials with varying compositions using Ce at the A-site and Al/Ta at the B-site. A controlled decrease in ionic polarizability coupled with enhanced octahedral distortion enables the material to maintain an εr > 110 while significantly lowering the τf from +1472 to +330 ppm/°C. The markedly suppressed Ti4+ reduction elevates the overall quality factor beyond 15000 GHz, while a substantial rise in lattice and bond energy confirms the reduction of intrinsic loss in the material. Most importantly, a comparison with La-co-doped samples exhibiting similar phase composition and microstructure reveals that the valence transition of Ce and synergistic electron pinning effect with Al/Ta effectively immobilizes free electrons, significantly suppressing carrier migration and thereby enhancing the dielectric properties of the material. Benefiting from the synergistic effect, Sr0.625Ce0.25Ti0.95(Al0.5Ta0.5)0.05O3 achieved excellent properties with εr = 127, Q × f = 16367 GHz and τf = +380 ppm/°C. A miniaturized cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna was also designed, maintaining high performance with reduced size and demonstrating significant application potential. This work demonstrates that the rational A/B-site co-doping is an advanced method for the development of high-performance microwave dielectric ceramics and enables miniaturized device applications.
{"title":"Ion selection criteria for effective co-doping in perovskite ceramics: A promising strategy via synergistic pinning effect","authors":"Yuhang Zhang, Yanzhao Zhang, Meiling Yang, Kunpeng Lin, Zhe Zhao, Ning Xie, Guoxiang Zhou, Zhihua Yang, Dechang Jia, Yu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"Selective ion doping is a promising approach to boost dielectric properties in perovskite ceramics. However, challenges remain in leveraging the clash of the dielectric properties with the dielectric constant and quality factor. To balance this trade-off, A/B-site co-doping could be a potentially ideal solution. Unfortunately, effective co-doping strategies have been overlooked owing to the absence of rational A-site cation selection, significantly hindering the optimization of material properties. Here, we fabricated Sr<ce:inf loc=\"post\">1−1.5</ce:inf><ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">x</ce:inf></ce:italic>Ce<ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">x</ce:inf></ce:italic>Ti<ce:inf loc=\"post\">1−</ce:inf><ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">y</ce:inf></ce:italic>(Al<ce:inf loc=\"post\">0.5</ce:inf>Ta<ce:inf loc=\"post\">0.5</ce:inf>)<ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">y</ce:inf></ce:italic>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> co-doped materials with varying compositions using Ce at the A-site and Al/Ta at the B-site. A controlled decrease in ionic polarizability coupled with enhanced octahedral distortion enables the material to maintain an <ce:italic>ε</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">r</ce:inf> > 110 while significantly lowering the <ce:italic>τ</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">f</ce:inf> from +1472 to +330 ppm/°C. The markedly suppressed Ti<ce:sup loc=\"post\">4+</ce:sup> reduction elevates the overall quality factor beyond 15000 GHz, while a substantial rise in lattice and bond energy confirms the reduction of intrinsic loss in the material. Most importantly, a comparison with La-co-doped samples exhibiting similar phase composition and microstructure reveals that the valence transition of Ce and synergistic electron pinning effect with Al/Ta effectively immobilizes free electrons, significantly suppressing carrier migration and thereby enhancing the dielectric properties of the material. Benefiting from the synergistic effect, Sr<ce:inf loc=\"post\">0.625</ce:inf>Ce<ce:inf loc=\"post\">0.25</ce:inf>Ti<ce:inf loc=\"post\">0.95</ce:inf>(Al<ce:inf loc=\"post\">0.5</ce:inf>Ta<ce:inf loc=\"post\">0.5</ce:inf>)<ce:inf loc=\"post\">0.05</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> achieved excellent properties with <ce:italic>ε</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">r</ce:inf> = 127, <ce:italic>Q × f</ce:italic> = 16367 GHz and <ce:italic>τ</ce:italic><ce:inf loc=\"post\">f</ce:inf> = +380 ppm/°C. A miniaturized cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna was also designed, maintaining high performance with reduced size and demonstrating significant application potential. This work demonstrates that the rational A/B-site co-doping is an advanced method for the development of high-performance microwave dielectric ceramics and enables miniaturized device applications.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Interphase precipitate (IP) strengthening has been identified as an effective mechanism for enhancing the mechanical properties of advanced steels. Recent breakthroughs in characterization have revealed the unusual strengthening effect of precipitates in their embryonic stage, referred to as clusters, which indicate additional strengthening mechanisms for material strengthening and further opportunities for composition design in IP-strengthened steels. This study investigates the impact of IP on the mechanical and formability properties of complex microalloyed high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel. Two types of HSLA steel with a single ferrite microstructure were engineered via the thermo-mechanical control process, differing in that one exhibits only fully-developed IPs, while the other exhibits both the clusters of interphase and IPs. These microstructures were achieved through controlled coiling at 620 and 650°C in Ti-Nb microalloyed steel. Increasing undercooling below the γ → α transformation temperature intensifies the driving force for phase transformation, leading to a decrease in both intersheet spacing and the size of particles, while the number density of interphase particles increases, promoting the formation of clusters of interphase. These clusters significantly influence dislocation behavior, facilitating dislocation multiplication. Compared to the fully-developed IPs in samples coiled at 650°C, the presence of the clusters of interphase results in a desirable enhancement in mechanical properties, including a 100 MPa increase in ultimate tensile strength without compromising ductility or stretch-flangeability. These findings highlight the critical role of the clusters of interphase in simultaneously enhancing both strength and plasticity in HSLA steel.
{"title":"Control of interphase-cluster evolution and its contribution to strength and ductility in complex microalloyed HSLA steel","authors":"Mingyue Yang, Yajun Liu, Yuhe Huang, Jun Lu, Junheng Gao, Haitao Zhao, Honghui Wu, Chaolei Zhang, Xiang Li, Cheng Zhang, Shuize Wang, Xinping Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.01.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"Interphase precipitate (IP) strengthening has been identified as an effective mechanism for enhancing the mechanical properties of advanced steels. Recent breakthroughs in characterization have revealed the unusual strengthening effect of precipitates in their embryonic stage, referred to as clusters, which indicate additional strengthening mechanisms for material strengthening and further opportunities for composition design in IP-strengthened steels. This study investigates the impact of IP on the mechanical and formability properties of complex microalloyed high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel. Two types of HSLA steel with a single ferrite microstructure were engineered via the thermo-mechanical control process, differing in that one exhibits only fully-developed IPs, while the other exhibits both the clusters of interphase and IPs. These microstructures were achieved through controlled coiling at 620 and 650°C in Ti-Nb microalloyed steel. Increasing undercooling below the γ → α transformation temperature intensifies the driving force for phase transformation, leading to a decrease in both intersheet spacing and the size of particles, while the number density of interphase particles increases, promoting the formation of clusters of interphase. These clusters significantly influence dislocation behavior, facilitating dislocation multiplication. Compared to the fully-developed IPs in samples coiled at 650°C, the presence of the clusters of interphase results in a desirable enhancement in mechanical properties, including a 100 MPa increase in ultimate tensile strength without compromising ductility or stretch-flangeability. These findings highlight the critical role of the clusters of interphase in simultaneously enhancing both strength and plasticity in HSLA steel.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2026.01.007
Donglei He, Mengran Zhou, Zhenhai Dai, Ziyue Zhang, Xinze Dong, Gaoqiang Chen, Yuru Zha, Yuxiang Han, Li Zhong, Yixing Zhu, Weikang Zhao, Fan Liu, Timo Lehtonen, Fan Ye, Qingyu Shi, Yake Liu
In this work, as-cast Zn-0.8Li was processed by different representative plastic deformation methods, namely hot rolling (AR), friction stir processing (FSP), and friction stir processing followed by hot rolling (FSP+R), which will be potentially applied to strengthen this material in the future. The microstructure and corrosion behaviors of the materials were systematically investigated. AR and FSP Zn-0.8Li showed homogeneous microstructure, while the others presented coarse and nonuniform microstructure. FSP Zn-0.8Li exhibited the highest corrosion resistance due to its fine and homogeneous microstructure and the absence of primary β-LiZn4. All the Zn-0.8Li showed similar corrosion progress. A two-layered corrosion product composed of Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6, a dominated outer layer, and a Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O dominated inner layer was formed in the early immersion. An additional inner layer of ZnO was formed due to insufficient supply of CO2 and Cl−, resulting in a three-layered corrosion product in the long term of immersion.
{"title":"In vitro corrosion behaviors of representative plastic deformed biodegradable Zn-0.8Li alloy in normal saline solution","authors":"Donglei He, Mengran Zhou, Zhenhai Dai, Ziyue Zhang, Xinze Dong, Gaoqiang Chen, Yuru Zha, Yuxiang Han, Li Zhong, Yixing Zhu, Weikang Zhao, Fan Liu, Timo Lehtonen, Fan Ye, Qingyu Shi, Yake Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, as-cast Zn-0.8Li was processed by different representative plastic deformation methods, namely hot rolling (AR), friction stir processing (FSP), and friction stir processing followed by hot rolling (FSP+R), which will be potentially applied to strengthen this material in the future. The microstructure and corrosion behaviors of the materials were systematically investigated. AR and FSP Zn-0.8Li showed homogeneous microstructure, while the others presented coarse and nonuniform microstructure. FSP Zn-0.8Li exhibited the highest corrosion resistance due to its fine and homogeneous microstructure and the absence of primary β-LiZn<sub>4</sub>. All the Zn-0.8Li showed similar corrosion progress. A two-layered corrosion product composed of Zn<sub>5</sub>(CO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(OH)<sub>6</sub>, a dominated outer layer, and a Zn<sub>5</sub>(OH)<sub>8</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O dominated inner layer was formed in the early immersion. An additional inner layer of ZnO was formed due to insufficient supply of CO<sub>2</sub> and Cl<sup>−</sup>, resulting in a three-layered corrosion product in the long term of immersion.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145954972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To mitigate the degradation of mechanical properties caused by high-temperature melt erosion and reactions during the reactive melt infiltration process for fabricating carbon fiber reinforced ultra-high-temperature ceramic matrix composites, this work proposes an in-situ protection strategy that utilizes chemical vapor infiltration to uniformly fabricate a PyC/SiC/ZrC multi-layer interface layer on carbon fibers, thereby avoiding damage to carbon fibers. The results showed that the introduction of a PyC/SiC/ZrC interface layer significantly increased the flexural strength of the prepared composites by 133.3% in comparison to composites with a single PyC interface layer. Besides, after ablation under oxygen acetylene flame for 240 s, the mass and linear ablation rates show significant reductions of 69.6% and 90.1%, respectively. The tailored PyC/SiC/ZrC multi-layer interface delivered dual functionality: (i) synergistically introducing multiple pathways for energy dissipation while shielding fibers from Zr-Si melt erosion through the multi-layer interface, thus enhancing mechanical properties; (ii) in-situ generating a protective ZrO2/SiO2 oxide barrier layer on fibers during ablation to improve ablation resistance. This work provides new insights and valuable references for the efficient preparation of ceramic matrix composites with excellent ablation protection and mechanical properties.
{"title":"Synergistically enhanced ablation resistance and mechanical performance of Cf/ZrC-SiC composites with PyC/SiC/ZrC multi-layer interface fabricated by CVI","authors":"Ruicong Chen, Jiaqi Hou, Jian Zhang, Zhenglong Li, Zhiyuan Ming, Yulei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.050","url":null,"abstract":"To mitigate the degradation of mechanical properties caused by high-temperature melt erosion and reactions during the reactive melt infiltration process for fabricating carbon fiber reinforced ultra-high-temperature ceramic matrix composites, this work proposes an in-situ protection strategy that utilizes chemical vapor infiltration to uniformly fabricate a PyC/SiC/ZrC multi-layer interface layer on carbon fibers, thereby avoiding damage to carbon fibers. The results showed that the introduction of a PyC/SiC/ZrC interface layer significantly increased the flexural strength of the prepared composites by 133.3% in comparison to composites with a single PyC interface layer. Besides, after ablation under oxygen acetylene flame for 240 s, the mass and linear ablation rates show significant reductions of 69.6% and 90.1%, respectively. The tailored PyC/SiC/ZrC multi-layer interface delivered dual functionality: (i) synergistically introducing multiple pathways for energy dissipation while shielding fibers from Zr-Si melt erosion through the multi-layer interface, thus enhancing mechanical properties; (ii) in-situ generating a protective ZrO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>/SiO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> oxide barrier layer on fibers during ablation to improve ablation resistance. This work provides new insights and valuable references for the efficient preparation of ceramic matrix composites with excellent ablation protection and mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"250 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.048
Tao Li, Wan Wang, Jiawei Chen, Yue Wang, Xiangbin Cai, Lini Yang, Xin Liu, Jiangyong Diao, Zarrin Es'haghi, Lixin Xia, Li Jin, Guoqing Wang, Hongyang Liu
The development of highly efficient nanozymes faces challenges of insufficient catalytic activity and low atom utilization. Atomically dispersed metal nanozymes have received widespread attention due to their high atomic utilization efficiency and exceptional catalytic activity. Bimetallic catalysts demonstrated enhanced catalytic performance owing to synergistic geometric and electronic effects arising from heterometallic interactions. Herein, we report an atomically dispersed palladium-iron bimetallic cluster nanozyme, in which fully exposed Pd clusters bonded to adjacent Fe atomic clusters are anchored onto defect-rich nanodiamond-graphene supports (PdFe/ND@G). The Pd-Fe interfacial sites fabricated in atomically dispersed bimetallic clusters deliver abundant oxygen activation sites for high-efficiency catalytic reactions and exhibit enhanced oxidase-like catalytic activity, demonstrating superior enzymatic activity and antibacterial performance compared to monometallic Pd and Fe clusters, while surpassing those of previously reported nanozymes. DFT calculations reveal that, compared to monometallic Pd clusters, atomically dispersed Pd-Fe clusters synergistically catalyze O2 cleavage into OO* intermediates via Pd-Fe interfacial sites while exhibiting lower energy barriers, which is the critical factor for their enhanced enzyme-like activity. This study provides novel insights into constructing highly efficient atomically dispersed bimetallic cluster nanozymes.
{"title":"Atomically dispersed bimetallic Pd-Fe clusters for boosting catalytic antibacterial performance with O2","authors":"Tao Li, Wan Wang, Jiawei Chen, Yue Wang, Xiangbin Cai, Lini Yang, Xin Liu, Jiangyong Diao, Zarrin Es'haghi, Lixin Xia, Li Jin, Guoqing Wang, Hongyang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.048","url":null,"abstract":"The development of highly efficient nanozymes faces challenges of insufficient catalytic activity and low atom utilization. Atomically dispersed metal nanozymes have received widespread attention due to their high atomic utilization efficiency and exceptional catalytic activity. Bimetallic catalysts demonstrated enhanced catalytic performance owing to synergistic geometric and electronic effects arising from heterometallic interactions. Herein, we report an atomically dispersed palladium-iron bimetallic cluster nanozyme, in which fully exposed Pd clusters bonded to adjacent Fe atomic clusters are anchored onto defect-rich nanodiamond-graphene supports (PdFe/ND@G). The Pd-Fe interfacial sites fabricated in atomically dispersed bimetallic clusters deliver abundant oxygen activation sites for high-efficiency catalytic reactions and exhibit enhanced oxidase-like catalytic activity, demonstrating superior enzymatic activity and antibacterial performance compared to monometallic Pd and Fe clusters, while surpassing those of previously reported nanozymes. DFT calculations reveal that, compared to monometallic Pd clusters, atomically dispersed Pd-Fe clusters synergistically catalyze O<sub>2</sub> cleavage into OO* intermediates via Pd-Fe interfacial sites while exhibiting lower energy barriers, which is the critical factor for their enhanced enzyme-like activity. This study provides novel insights into constructing highly efficient atomically dispersed bimetallic cluster nanozymes.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145937952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2026.01.002
Chi Huang, Liya Zheng, Zhilin Tian, Bin Li
Silicon nitride (Si3N4) honeycombs are gaining increasing attention due to their high specific strength, excellent dielectric properties, and superior heat resistance. However, producing Si3N4 honeycombs with complex geometries and precisely controlled pore structures remains a significant challenge. This study successfully fabricates eight types of Si3N4 honeycomb ceramics with intricate designs using vat photopolymerization (VPP) technology. To enable these advanced structures, a slurry with enhanced curing depth was developed by hydroxylating Si3N4 powders and incorporating a highly reactive photosensitive resin, achieving a curing depth of 120 μm. The viscosity of the slurry decreased from 1782.17 to 0.70 Pa s as the shear rate increased from 1 to 100 s−1, with no noticeable sedimentation observed after 30 days. The study also investigates the failure mechanisms and mechanical properties of the different honeycomb structures. It was found that the failure modes were closely linked to their cell structure, with re-entrant, triangular, and square honeycombs exhibiting exceptional compressive properties. Notably, the re-entrant honeycomb demonstrated superior compressive strength, elastic modulus, energy absorption, specific energy absorption, and specific strength of 453.8 ± 41.6 MPa, 7.7 ± 0.8 GPa, 14.4 ± 1.3 kJ, 6.6 ± 0.4 kJ kg−1, and 210.2 ± 18.6 MPa cm3 g−1, respectively. The results indicate that the re-entrant structure, with its negative Poisson’s ratio, benefits from an interplay of strut deformations that delay failure, enhancing the overall structural strength. This work highlights the potential of VPP 3D printing to fabricate Si3N4 ceramic honeycombs with sophisticated structures and controllable pore geometries. It offers valuable insights into the mechanical properties and failure behaviors of different honeycomb designs, providing a foundation for the future design and application of Si3N4 honeycomb ceramics.
{"title":"Fabrication and mechanical properties of VPP 3D-printed silicon nitride honeycombs","authors":"Chi Huang, Liya Zheng, Zhilin Tian, Bin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon nitride (Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) honeycombs are gaining increasing attention due to their high specific strength, excellent dielectric properties, and superior heat resistance. However, producing Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> honeycombs with complex geometries and precisely controlled pore structures remains a significant challenge. This study successfully fabricates eight types of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> honeycomb ceramics with intricate designs using vat photopolymerization (VPP) technology. To enable these advanced structures, a slurry with enhanced curing depth was developed by hydroxylating Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> powders and incorporating a highly reactive photosensitive resin, achieving a curing depth of 120 μm. The viscosity of the slurry decreased from 1782.17 to 0.70 Pa s as the shear rate increased from 1 to 100 s<sup>−1</sup>, with no noticeable sedimentation observed after 30 days. The study also investigates the failure mechanisms and mechanical properties of the different honeycomb structures. It was found that the failure modes were closely linked to their cell structure, with re-entrant, triangular, and square honeycombs exhibiting exceptional compressive properties. Notably, the re-entrant honeycomb demonstrated superior compressive strength, elastic modulus, energy absorption, specific energy absorption, and specific strength of 453.8 ± 41.6 MPa, 7.7 ± 0.8 GPa, 14.4 ± 1.3 kJ, 6.6 ± 0.4 kJ kg<sup>−1</sup>, and 210.2 ± 18.6 MPa cm<sup>3</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The results indicate that the re-entrant structure, with its negative Poisson’s ratio, benefits from an interplay of strut deformations that delay failure, enhancing the overall structural strength. This work highlights the potential of VPP 3D printing to fabricate Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> ceramic honeycombs with sophisticated structures and controllable pore geometries. It offers valuable insights into the mechanical properties and failure behaviors of different honeycomb designs, providing a foundation for the future design and application of Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> honeycomb ceramics.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145947507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.046
Xuan Li, Jinkun Liu, Zirui Jia, Di Lan, Ding Ai, Zhenguo Gao, Fengrui Bai, Guanglei Wu
Constructing Schottky heterojunctions to enhance interfacial polarization holds great potential for advancing materials with efficient electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption capabilities. In this study, porous carbon fiber composites were prepared by calcining NiFe-containing precursors to catalyze the growth of N-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs). This approach resulted in the encapsulation of numerous NiFe nanoalloy particles within the N-CNTs, creating abundant Schottky heterointerfaces. Theoretical calculations confirmed the formation of Schottky heterojunctions and electron transfer from the NiFe nanoalloy particles to the N-CNTs, which established a strong built-in electric field and enhanced interfacial polarization. Experimental and analytical tests demonstrated excellent EMW absorption performance, achieving a minimum reflection loss of −52.4 dB at a thickness of 1.9 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth of 7.36 GHz at 2.5 mm. Furthermore, owing to its unique structural configuration, the composite exhibited outstanding corrosion resistance. This study elucidates the contribution of Schottky heterojunctions to synergistic polarization enhancement and provides meaningful guidance for the rational design of high-efficiency electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials through heterointerface engineering.
{"title":"Schottky heterojunctions enabling enhanced interfacial polarization for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption","authors":"Xuan Li, Jinkun Liu, Zirui Jia, Di Lan, Ding Ai, Zhenguo Gao, Fengrui Bai, Guanglei Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2025.12.046","url":null,"abstract":"Constructing Schottky heterojunctions to enhance interfacial polarization holds great potential for advancing materials with efficient electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption capabilities. In this study, porous carbon fiber composites were prepared by calcining NiFe-containing precursors to catalyze the growth of N-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs). This approach resulted in the encapsulation of numerous NiFe nanoalloy particles within the N-CNTs, creating abundant Schottky heterointerfaces. Theoretical calculations confirmed the formation of Schottky heterojunctions and electron transfer from the NiFe nanoalloy particles to the N-CNTs, which established a strong built-in electric field and enhanced interfacial polarization. Experimental and analytical tests demonstrated excellent EMW absorption performance, achieving a minimum reflection loss of −52.4 dB at a thickness of 1.9 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth of 7.36 GHz at 2.5 mm. Furthermore, owing to its unique structural configuration, the composite exhibited outstanding corrosion resistance. This study elucidates the contribution of Schottky heterojunctions to synergistic polarization enhancement and provides meaningful guidance for the rational design of high-efficiency electromagnetic wave-absorbing materials through heterointerface engineering.","PeriodicalId":16154,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science & Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145937517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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