Exclusion of ranitidine from premedication regimen during paclitaxel treatment: A retrospective single-center analysis.

Abstract

Introduction: To minimize the risk of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) caused by paclitaxel infusion, premedication with corticosteroid, H1-antagonist and H2 antagonist (ranitidine) was standard of care. Discontinuation of ranitidine in 2020 led to adjustments in premedication regimens and a new regimen without ranitidine was implemented in our center. This study aimed to compare the incidence of HSRs during paclitaxel treatment of a standard premedication regimen including ranitidine with a new premedication regimen without ranitidine and with a titrated infusion rate during the first two administrations.

Methods: Retrospective data analysis was performed on two cohorts of adult patients with solid tumors who started treatment with paclitaxel and received a premedication regimen with and without ranitidine over the years 2021 and 2023 respectively (before and after ranitidine withdrawal). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate any associations with H2 antagonist treatment adjusting for confounding variables.

Results: A total of 319 patients were included. 158 patients received the standard premedication regimen with ranitidine compared to 161 patients who did not received ranitidine. HSRs were observed in 10 of 1101 administrations of paclitaxel (0,90%) in ranitidine group compared to 2 of 899 (0,22%) in the ranitidine-free cohort (p = 0.048). Analysis incidence per patient also found results with statistically significant differences: 5.7% (9 of 158 patients) in the ranitidine cohort compared to 1.2% (2 of 161 patients) in the ranitidine-free cohort (p = 0.029).

Conclusions: The results of the study show the effectiveness of a premedication regimen including only dexchlorpherinamine and dexamethasone, along with a titrated infusion rate during the first two administrations, in reducing the incidence of paclitaxed-induced HSRs.