Late Talkers can generalise trained labels by object shape similarities, but not unfamiliar labels.

IF 1.7 2区 文学 Q1 LINGUISTICS Journal of Child Language Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI:10.1017/S0305000924000163
Cecilia Zuniga-Montanez, Andrea Krott
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Abstract

Late talkers (LTs) exhibit delayed vocabulary development, which might stem from a lack of a typical word learning strategy to generalise object labels by shape, called the 'shape bias'. We investigated whether LTs can acquire a shape bias and whether this accelerates vocabulary learning. Fourteen LTs were randomly allocated to either a shape training group (Mage = 2.76 years, 6 males), which was taught that objects similar in shape have the same name, or a control group (Mage = 2.61 years, 4 males), which was taught real words without any focus on object shape. After seven training sessions, children in the shape training group generalised trained labels by shape (d = 1.28), but not unfamiliar labels. Children in the control group extended all labels randomly. Training did not affect expressive vocabulary.

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晚说话者能通过物体形状的相似性归纳出训练有素的标签,但不能归纳出不熟悉的标签。
晚说话者(LTs)表现出词汇发展迟缓,这可能是因为他们缺乏一种典型的词汇学习策略,即 "形状偏差",来概括物体的形状标签。我们研究了迟语者能否获得形状偏差,以及这种偏差能否加速词汇学习。14名低龄儿童被随机分配到形状训练组(年龄=2.76岁,6名男性)和对照组(年龄=2.61岁,4名男性),前者教导他们形状相似的物体具有相同的名称,后者教导他们不注重物体形状的真实词汇。经过七次训练后,形状训练组的儿童能按形状归纳出训练过的标签(d = 1.28),但不能归纳出不熟悉的标签。对照组儿童则随机扩展所有标签。训练并不影响词汇的表达。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
4.50%
发文量
142
期刊介绍: A key publication in the field, Journal of Child Language publishes articles on all aspects of the scientific study of language behaviour in children, the principles which underlie it, and the theories which may account for it. The international range of authors and breadth of coverage allow the journal to forge links between many different areas of research including psychology, linguistics, cognitive science and anthropology. This interdisciplinary approach spans a wide range of interests: phonology, phonetics, morphology, syntax, vocabulary, semantics, pragmatics, sociolinguistics, or any other recognised facet of language study.
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