The general transcription factors (GTFs) of RNA polymerase II and their roles in plant development and stress responses.

IF 6.2 2区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI:10.1080/10409238.2024.2408562
Shivam Sharma, Sanjay Kapoor, Athar Ansari, Akhilesh Kumar Tyagi
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Abstract

In eukaryotes, general transcription factors (GTFs) enable recruitment of RNA polymerase II (RNA Pol II) to core promoters to facilitate initiation of transcription. Extensive research in mammals and yeast has unveiled their significance in basal transcription as well as in diverse biological processes. Unlike mammals and yeast, plant GTFs exhibit remarkable degree of variability and flexibility. This is because plant GTFs and GTF subunits are often encoded by multigene families, introducing complexity to transcriptional regulation at both cellular and biological levels. This review provides insights into the general transcription mechanism, GTF composition, and their cellular functions. It further highlights the involvement of RNA Pol II-related GTFs in plant development and stress responses. Studies reveal that GTFs act as important regulators of gene expression in specific developmental processes and help equip plants with resilience against adverse environmental conditions. Their functions may be direct or mediated through their cofactor nature. The versatility of GTFs in controlling gene expression, and thereby influencing specific traits, adds to the intricate complexity inherent in the plant system.

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RNA 聚合酶 II 的一般转录因子 (GTFs) 及其在植物发育和胁迫反应中的作用。
在真核生物中,一般转录因子(GTFs)能将 RNA 聚合酶 II(RNA Pol II)招募到核心启动子上,从而促进转录的启动。对哺乳动物和酵母的广泛研究揭示了它们在基础转录和各种生物过程中的重要作用。与哺乳动物和酵母不同,植物 GTFs 具有显著的变异性和灵活性。这是因为植物 GTFs 和 GTF 亚基通常由多基因家族编码,从而在细胞和生物水平上给转录调控带来了复杂性。本综述深入探讨了一般转录机制、GTF 的组成及其细胞功能。它进一步强调了与 RNA Pol II 相关的 GTFs 在植物发育和胁迫响应中的参与。研究表明,GTFs 是特定发育过程中基因表达的重要调控因子,有助于增强植物抵御不利环境条件的能力。它们的功能可能是直接的,也可能是通过其辅助因子介导的。GTFs 在控制基因表达从而影响特定性状方面的多功能性增加了植物系统固有的复杂性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
14.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
6
期刊介绍: As the discipline of biochemistry and molecular biology have greatly advanced in the last quarter century, significant contributions have been made towards the advancement of general medicine, genetics, immunology, developmental biology, and biophysics. Investigators in a wide range of disciplines increasingly require an appreciation of the significance of current biochemical and molecular biology advances while, members of the biochemical and molecular biology community itself seek concise information on advances in areas remote from their own specialties. Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology believes that well-written review articles prove an effective device for the integration and meaningful comprehension of vast, often contradictory, literature. Review articles also provide an opportunity for creative scholarship by synthesizing known facts, fruitful hypotheses, and new concepts. Accordingly, Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology publishes high-quality reviews that organize, evaluate, and present the current status of high-impact, current issues in the area of biochemistry and molecular biology. Topics are selected on the advice of an advisory board of outstanding scientists, who also suggest authors of special competence. The topics chosen are sufficiently broad to interest a wide audience of readers, yet focused enough to be within the competence of a single author. Authors are chosen based on their activity in the field and their proven ability to produce a well-written publication.
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