Trends in shigellosis notifications in England, January 2016 to March 2023.

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q3 INFECTIOUS DISEASES Epidemiology and Infection Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI:10.1017/S0950268824001006

Hannah Charles, Katy Sinka, Ian Simms, Kate S Baker, Gauri Godbole, Claire Jenkins

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Abstract

We reviewed all diagnoses of Shigella species notified to the UK Health Security Agency from January 2016 to March 2023. An overall increase in notifications of shigellosis was seen between 2016 (n = 415/quarter) and 2023 (n = 1 029/quarter). However, notifications dramatically declined between March 2020 and September 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic (n = 208/quarter) highlighting the impact of travel and social distancing restrictions on transmission. S. sonnei diagnoses were more affected by lockdown restrictions than S. flexneri, most likely due to a combination of species-specific characteristics and host attributes. Azithromycin resistance continued to be associated with epidemics of sexually transmissible S. flexneri (adult males = 45.6% vs. adult females = 8.7%) and S. sonnei (adult males = 59.5% vs. adult females = 14.6%). We detected resistance to ciprofloxacin in S. sonnei from adult male cases not reporting travel at a higher frequency (79.4%) than in travel-associated cases (61.7%). Extensively drug-resistant Shigella species associated with sexual transmission among men almost exclusively had ESBL encoded by bla_CTX-M-27, whereas those associated with returning travellers had bla_CTX-M-15. Given the increasing incidence of infections and AMR, we recommend that enhanced surveillance is used to better understand the impact of travel and sexual transmission on the acquisition and spread of MDR and XDR Shigella species.

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2016 年 1 月至 2023 年 3 月英格兰志贺菌病通报趋势。

我们回顾了 2016 年 1 月至 2023 年 3 月期间向英国卫生安全局通报的所有志贺氏杆菌诊断结果。2016 年（n = 415/季度）至 2023 年（n = 1 029/季度）期间，志贺氏杆菌病的通报数总体呈上升趋势。然而，在 COVID-19 大流行期间（n = 208/季度），2020 年 3 月至 2021 年 9 月期间的通报数急剧下降，这凸显了旅行和社会距离限制对传播的影响。与弗氏链球菌相比，松内链球菌的诊断受到封锁限制的影响更大，这很可能是由于物种特异性和宿主属性的共同作用。阿奇霉素耐药性仍然与可通过性传播的柔直杆菌（成年男性=45.6%，成年女性=8.7%）和宋内氏杆菌（成年男性=59.5%，成年女性=14.6%）的流行有关。我们在未报告旅行的成年男性病例（79.4%）中检测到对环丙沙星的耐药性，高于旅行相关病例（61.7%）。与男性性传播有关的广泛耐药志贺菌几乎全部具有由 blaCTX-M-27 编码的 ESBL，而与回国旅行者有关的志贺菌则具有 blaCTX-M-15。鉴于感染和 AMR 的发生率越来越高，我们建议加强监测，以更好地了解旅行和性传播对 MDR 和 XDR 志贺菌的获得和传播的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Epidemiology and Infection 医学-传染病学

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

2.40%

发文量

366

审稿时长

3-6 weeks

期刊介绍： Epidemiology & Infection publishes original reports and reviews on all aspects of infection in humans and animals. Particular emphasis is given to the epidemiology, prevention and control of infectious diseases. The scope covers the zoonoses, outbreaks, food hygiene, vaccine studies, statistics and the clinical, social and public-health aspects of infectious disease, as well as some tropical infections. It has become the key international periodical in which to find the latest reports on recently discovered infections and new technology. For those concerned with policy and planning for the control of infections, the papers on mathematical modelling of epidemics caused by historical, current and emergent infections are of particular value.