Physical activity intensity and older adolescents’ stress: The ‘STress-Reactivity after Exercise in Senior Secondary EDucation’ (STRESSED) 3-arm randomised controlled trial

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Psychology of Sport and Exercise Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102754

Jordan J. Smith , Mark R. Beauchamp , Eli Puterman , Angus A. Leahy , Sarah R. Valkenborghs , Levi Wade , Frances Chen , David R. Lubans

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Abstract

Objectives

Late adolescence (15–19 years) is a period of heightened susceptibility to stress, but regular physical activity may attenuate reactivity to stressors. We aimed to explore the effects of physical activity intensity on older adolescents’ stress-reactivity and self-reported mental health.

Design and Methods

Three-arm randomised controlled trial in New South Wales, Australia (April–June 2021). Thirty-seven older adolescents (16.1 ± 0.2 years, 59.5 % female) were randomised to: i) non-active control (CON), ii) light-intensity physical activity (LPA), or iii) moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA). Physical activity groups participated in 2 x 20-min sessions/week for 6 weeks. Salivary cortisol (sCort) reactivity to induced stress was assessed using the Trier Social Stress Test for Groups and quantified as area under the curve (sCort_AUC; Primary outcome). Secondary outcomes included peak cortisol (sCort_Peak), subjective-reactivity, perceived stress, and non-specific psychological distress. Group differences were assessed using multiple linear regression and quantified using Cohen’s d.

Results

No statistically significant effects were observed for sCort_AUC or sCort_Peak and the pattern of effects for subjective-reactivity was inconsistent. Effects for self-reported mental health were also non-significant (p > .05 for all) but of meaningful magnitude, favouring LPA and MVPA over CON (d’s = −0.38 to −0.54). Delivery fidelity was high, satisfaction was moderate-to-high, and there was no evidence of harm. However, recruitment, retention for sCort measures, and adherence were lower than expected.

Conclusion

Suboptimal recruitment, retention, and adherence limited our ability to conclude on the effect of physical activity intensity on older adolescents’ sCort-reactivity to induced stress. We observed potentially meaningful effects on self-reported mental health for both physical activity conditions, which could be confirmed in a future powered trial.

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体育活动强度与高年级青少年的压力：高中教育中运动后的压力-活动"（STRESSED）三臂随机对照试验。

目的：青春期后期（15-19 岁）是一个容易受到压力影响的时期，但经常参加体育锻炼可以减轻对压力的反应。我们旨在探讨体育锻炼强度对青少年压力反应和自我报告心理健康的影响。在澳大利亚新南威尔士州进行的三臂随机对照试验（2021 年 4 月至 6 月）。37 名年龄较大的青少年（16.1±0.2 岁，59.5% 为女性）被随机分配到：i) 非积极对照组 (CON)；ii) 轻度体力活动组 (LPA) 或 iii) 中度至高强度体力活动组 (MVPA)。体育锻炼组每周参加 2 次，每次 20 分钟，共持续 6 周。唾液皮质醇（sCort）对诱导压力的反应性采用特里尔社会压力测试（Trier Social Stress Test for Groups）进行评估，并以曲线下面积（sCortAUC；主要结果）进行量化。次要结果包括皮质醇峰值（sCortPeak）、主观反应性、感知压力和非特异性心理困扰。使用多元线性回归评估组间差异，并使用 Cohen's d 进行量化：没有观察到 sCortAUC 或 sCortPeak 的影响，主观反应的影响模式不一致。对自我报告的心理健康的影响也不显著（所有影响的 p > .05），但影响程度有意义，LPA 和 MVPA 优于 CON（d's = -0.38 至 -0.54）。实施的忠实度很高，满意度为中高，没有证据表明存在危害。然而，招募、sCort 测量的保留率和坚持率均低于预期：结论：招募、保留和坚持率不理想，限制了我们就体育锻炼强度对老年青少年对诱发压力的 sCort 反应的影响得出结论的能力。无论运动强度如何，我们都观察到了对自我报告的心理健康有潜在意义的影响，这一点可以在未来的有动力试验中得到证实。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Psychology of Sport and Exercise 医学-心理学

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

5.90%

发文量

172

审稿时长

69 days

期刊介绍： Psychology of Sport and Exercise is an international forum for scholarly reports in the psychology of sport and exercise, broadly defined. The journal is open to the use of diverse methodological approaches. Manuscripts that will be considered for publication will present results from high quality empirical research, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, commentaries concerning already published PSE papers or topics of general interest for PSE readers, protocol papers for trials, and reports of professional practice (which will need to demonstrate academic rigour and go beyond mere description). The CONSORT guidelines consort-statement need to be followed for protocol papers for trials; authors should present a flow diagramme and attach with their cover letter the CONSORT checklist. For meta-analysis, the PRISMA prisma-statement guidelines should be followed; authors should present a flow diagramme and attach with their cover letter the PRISMA checklist. For systematic reviews it is recommended that the PRISMA guidelines are followed, although it is not compulsory. Authors interested in submitting replications of published studies need to contact the Editors-in-Chief before they start their replication. We are not interested in manuscripts that aim to test the psychometric properties of an existing scale from English to another language, unless new validation methods are used which address previously unanswered research questions.