Free-electron coupling to surface polaritons mediated by small scatterers

IF 6.5 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Nanophotonics Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI:10.1515/nanoph-2024-0326
Leila Prelat, Eduardo J. C. Dias, F. Javier García de Abajo
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Abstract

The ability of surface polaritons (SPs) to enhance and manipulate light fields down to deep-subwavelength length scales enables applications in optical sensing and nonlinear optics at the nanoscale. However, the wavelength mismatch between light and SPs prevents direct optical excitation of surface-bound modes, thereby limiting the widespread development of SP-based photonics. Free electrons are a natural choice to directly excite strongly confined SPs because they can supply field components of high momentum at designated positions with subnanometer precision. Here, we theoretically explore free-electron–SP coupling mediated by small scatterers and show that low-energy electrons can efficiently excite surface modes with a maximum probability reached at an optimum surface–scatterer distance. By aligning the electron beam with a periodic array of scatterers placed near a polariton-supporting interface, in-plane Smith–Purcell emission results in the excitation of surface modes along well-defined directions. Our results support using scattering elements to excite SPs with low-energy electrons.
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由小散射体介导的自由电子与表面极化子耦合
表面极化子(SPs)能够增强和操纵深亚波长长度尺度的光场,因而能够应用于纳米尺度的光学传感和非线性光学。然而,光与 SP 之间的波长不匹配阻碍了表面结合模式的直接光激发,从而限制了基于 SP 的光子学的广泛发展。自由电子是直接激发强约束 SP 的自然选择,因为它们可以在指定位置以亚纳米精度提供高动量场分量。在这里,我们从理论上探讨了由小型散射体介导的自由电子-SP耦合,结果表明低能电子能有效激发表面模式,并在最佳表面-散射体距离处达到最大概率。通过将电子束与放置在极化子支持界面附近的周期性散射体阵列对齐,面内史密斯-普尔塞尔发射会导致表面模式沿着明确的方向被激发。我们的研究结果支持使用散射元件以低能电子激发极化子。
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来源期刊
Nanophotonics
Nanophotonics NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGY-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
CiteScore
13.50
自引率
6.70%
发文量
358
审稿时长
7 weeks
期刊介绍: Nanophotonics, published in collaboration with Sciencewise, is a prestigious journal that showcases recent international research results, notable advancements in the field, and innovative applications. It is regarded as one of the leading publications in the realm of nanophotonics and encompasses a range of article types including research articles, selectively invited reviews, letters, and perspectives. The journal specifically delves into the study of photon interaction with nano-structures, such as carbon nano-tubes, nano metal particles, nano crystals, semiconductor nano dots, photonic crystals, tissue, and DNA. It offers comprehensive coverage of the most up-to-date discoveries, making it an essential resource for physicists, engineers, and material scientists.
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