Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2025-0514
Gabriele Cavanna, Hidehisa Taketani, Hikaru Watanabe, Da Pan, Anna Honda, Daiki Oshima, Takeshi Kato, Masakazu Matsubara
Spin currents – flows of spin angular momentum without net charge – are central to next-generation spintronic technologies but remain difficult to generate and control efficiently. Magnetic metamaterials provide a powerful platform, as engineered structures allow symmetry design and tailored light–matter interactions. Here, we demonstrate that lateral scaling of triangular-hole Co/Pt magnetic metamaterials exerts a strong, nonlinear influence on spin-current generation via the photogalvanic and magneto-photogalvanic effects. By systematically varying the pattern size, we observe unexpected behaviors: sign reversals, and even complete suppression of photocurrents at specific wavelengths. These phenomena reveal an intimate link between optical resonance conditions and spin current generation. Our findings establish metamaterial geometry as a new degree of freedom for engineering spin currents, offering dynamic tunability of magnitude, and sign – an essential step toward tunable, optically controlled spintronic devices.
{"title":"Scaling-dependent tunability of spin-driven photocurrents in magnetic metamaterials","authors":"Gabriele Cavanna, Hidehisa Taketani, Hikaru Watanabe, Da Pan, Anna Honda, Daiki Oshima, Takeshi Kato, Masakazu Matsubara","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0514","url":null,"abstract":"Spin currents – flows of spin angular momentum without net charge – are central to next-generation spintronic technologies but remain difficult to generate and control efficiently. Magnetic metamaterials provide a powerful platform, as engineered structures allow symmetry design and tailored light–matter interactions. Here, we demonstrate that lateral scaling of triangular-hole Co/Pt magnetic metamaterials exerts a strong, nonlinear influence on spin-current generation via the photogalvanic and magneto-photogalvanic effects. By systematically varying the pattern size, we observe unexpected behaviors: sign reversals, and even complete suppression of photocurrents at specific wavelengths. These phenomena reveal an intimate link between optical resonance conditions and spin current generation. Our findings establish metamaterial geometry as a new degree of freedom for engineering spin currents, offering dynamic tunability of magnitude, and sign – an essential step toward tunable, optically controlled spintronic devices.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145730935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2025-0439
Robert Parsons, Alexander Oh, James Robinson, Songli Wang, Michael Cullen, Kaylx Jang, Aneek James, Yuyang Wang, Keren Bergman
AI/ML compute clusters are driving unprecedented bandwidth demands at the package boundary, motivating co-packaged integrated photonics closely co-located with the compute unit. We present a scalable silicon-photonics transceiver platform and a measurement-driven design methodology that together enable dense, energy-efficient DWDM links suitable for in-socket integration. Automated wafer-scale probing on 300 mm active photonic wafers extracts waveguide and resonator statistics using index fitting and comprehensive device characterization. The resulting wafer-scale measurements highlight design points such as wider robust waveguides, whispering gallery mode resonators, and thermally efficient undercut devices, that reduce required thermal tuning power and tighten insertion loss distributions. We propagate the measured distributions through a system model via large-scale Monte Carlo simulations to derive realistic link margins and source power targets. Together, the scalable architecture and wafer-scale measurement-informed design process offer a practical path to high-bandwidth, low energy consumption DWDM links with robust yield.
{"title":"Foundry-enabled wafer-scale characterization and modeling of silicon photonic DWDM links","authors":"Robert Parsons, Alexander Oh, James Robinson, Songli Wang, Michael Cullen, Kaylx Jang, Aneek James, Yuyang Wang, Keren Bergman","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0439","url":null,"abstract":"AI/ML compute clusters are driving unprecedented bandwidth demands at the package boundary, motivating co-packaged integrated photonics closely co-located with the compute unit. We present a scalable silicon-photonics transceiver platform and a measurement-driven design methodology that together enable dense, energy-efficient DWDM links suitable for in-socket integration. Automated wafer-scale probing on 300 mm active photonic wafers extracts waveguide and resonator statistics using index fitting and comprehensive device characterization. The resulting wafer-scale measurements highlight design points such as wider robust waveguides, whispering gallery mode resonators, and thermally efficient undercut devices, that reduce required thermal tuning power and tighten insertion loss distributions. We propagate the measured distributions through a system model via large-scale Monte Carlo simulations to derive realistic link margins and source power targets. Together, the scalable architecture and wafer-scale measurement-informed design process offer a practical path to high-bandwidth, low energy consumption DWDM links with robust yield.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145730936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2025-0508
Wangke Yu, Yijie Shen
Spatiotemporal (ST) wave packets constitute a broad class of optical pulses whose spatial and temporal degrees of freedom cannot be treated independently. Such space-time non-separability can induce exotic physical effects such as non-diffraction, non-transverse waves, and sub or superluminal propagation. Here, a higher-order generalised family of ST modes is presented, where modal orders are proposed to enrich their ST structural complexity, analogous to spatial higher-order Gaussian modes. This framework also incorporates spatial eigenmodes and typical ST pulses (e.g., toroidal light pulses) as elementary members. The modal orders are strongly coupled to the Gouy phase, which can unveil anomalous ST Gouy-phase dynamics, including ultrafast cycle-switching evolution, ST self-healing, and sub/super-luminal propagation. We further introduce a stretch parameter that stretches the temporal envelope while keeping the Gouy-phase coefficient unchanged. This stretch invariance decouples pulse duration from modal order, allowing us to tune the few-cycle width without shifting temporal-revival positions or altering the phase/group-velocity laws. Moreover, an approach to analysing the phase velocity and group velocity of the higher-order ST modes is proposed to quantitatively characterise the sub/super-luminal effects. The method is universal for a larger group of complex structured pulses, laying the basis for both fundamental physics and advanced applications in ultrafast optics and structured light.
{"title":"Higher-order spatiotemporal wave packets with Gouy phase dynamics","authors":"Wangke Yu, Yijie Shen","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0508","url":null,"abstract":"Spatiotemporal (ST) wave packets constitute a broad class of optical pulses whose spatial and temporal degrees of freedom cannot be treated independently. Such space-time non-separability can induce exotic physical effects such as non-diffraction, non-transverse waves, and sub or superluminal propagation. Here, a higher-order generalised family of ST modes is presented, where modal orders are proposed to enrich their ST structural complexity, analogous to spatial higher-order Gaussian modes. This framework also incorporates spatial eigenmodes and typical ST pulses (e.g., toroidal light pulses) as elementary members. The modal orders are strongly coupled to the Gouy phase, which can unveil anomalous ST Gouy-phase dynamics, including ultrafast cycle-switching evolution, ST self-healing, and sub/super-luminal propagation. We further introduce a stretch parameter that stretches the temporal envelope while keeping the Gouy-phase coefficient unchanged. This stretch invariance decouples pulse duration from modal order, allowing us to tune the few-cycle width without shifting temporal-revival positions or altering the phase/group-velocity laws. Moreover, an approach to analysing the phase velocity and group velocity of the higher-order ST modes is proposed to quantitatively characterise the sub/super-luminal effects. The method is universal for a larger group of complex structured pulses, laying the basis for both fundamental physics and advanced applications in ultrafast optics and structured light.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145711406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2025-0510
Xiaomin Lv, Ze Wang, Tianyu Xu, Chen Yang, Xing Jin, Binbin Nie, Du Qian, Yanwu Liu, Kaixuan Zhu, Bo Ni, Qihuang Gong, Fang Bo, Qi-Fan Yang
Thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) has enabled efficient on-chip electro-optic modulation and frequency conversion for information processing and precision measurement. Extending these capabilities with optical frequency combs unlocks massively parallel operations and coherent optical-to-microwave transduction, which are achievable in TFLN microresonators via Kerr microcombs. However, fully integrated Kerr microcombs directly driven by semiconductor lasers remain elusive, which has delayed integration of these technologies. Here, we demonstrate electrically pumped TFLN Kerr microcombs without optical amplification. With optimized laser-to-chip coupling and optical quality factors, we generate soliton microcombs at a 200 GHz repetition frequency with an optical span of 180 nm using only 25 mW of pump power. Moreover, self-injection locking enables turnkey initiation and substantially narrows the laser linewidth. Our work provides integrated comb sources for TFLN-based communicational, computational, and metrological applications.
{"title":"Electrically pumped soliton microcombs on thin-film lithium niobate","authors":"Xiaomin Lv, Ze Wang, Tianyu Xu, Chen Yang, Xing Jin, Binbin Nie, Du Qian, Yanwu Liu, Kaixuan Zhu, Bo Ni, Qihuang Gong, Fang Bo, Qi-Fan Yang","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0510","url":null,"abstract":"Thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) has enabled efficient on-chip electro-optic modulation and frequency conversion for information processing and precision measurement. Extending these capabilities with optical frequency combs unlocks massively parallel operations and coherent optical-to-microwave transduction, which are achievable in TFLN microresonators via Kerr microcombs. However, fully integrated Kerr microcombs directly driven by semiconductor lasers remain elusive, which has delayed integration of these technologies. Here, we demonstrate electrically pumped TFLN Kerr microcombs without optical amplification. With optimized laser-to-chip coupling and optical quality factors, we generate soliton microcombs at a 200 GHz repetition frequency with an optical span of 180 nm using only 25 mW of pump power. Moreover, self-injection locking enables turnkey initiation and substantially narrows the laser linewidth. Our work provides integrated comb sources for TFLN-based communicational, computational, and metrological applications.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145711407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2025-0498
Hyungchul Park, Beomjoon Chae, Hyunsoo Jang, Sunkyu Yu, Xianji Piao
Exploiting alternative physical dimensions beyond the spatial domain has been intensively explored to improve the scalability in photonic computing. One approach leverages dynamical systems for time-domain computation, enabling universal and reconfigurable unitary operations. Although this method yields O ( N ) scaling in both device footprint and gate count, the required computation time increases by O ( N2 ), which hinders practical implementation due to limitations in quality factors and modulation speeds of optical elements. Here, we propose time-parallelized photonic lattices that achieve O ( N ) time scalability while preserving the O ( N ) spatial scaling. We devise a pseudospinor buffer operation that temporally stores the optical information, thereby enabling parallel unitary computation. The proposed method not only mitigates the requirement for high-quality factors but also provides robustness against a broad range of defects, demonstrating the feasibility of time-domain photonic computation.
{"title":"Scalable unitary computing using time-parallelized photonic lattices","authors":"Hyungchul Park, Beomjoon Chae, Hyunsoo Jang, Sunkyu Yu, Xianji Piao","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0498","url":null,"abstract":"Exploiting alternative physical dimensions beyond the spatial domain has been intensively explored to improve the scalability in photonic computing. One approach leverages dynamical systems for time-domain computation, enabling universal and reconfigurable unitary operations. Although this method yields <jats:italic>O</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> ) scaling in both device footprint and gate count, the required computation time increases by <jats:italic>O</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> ), which hinders practical implementation due to limitations in quality factors and modulation speeds of optical elements. Here, we propose time-parallelized photonic lattices that achieve <jats:italic>O</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> ) time scalability while preserving the <jats:italic>O</jats:italic> ( <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> ) spatial scaling. We devise a pseudospinor buffer operation that temporally stores the optical information, thereby enabling parallel unitary computation. The proposed method not only mitigates the requirement for high-quality factors but also provides robustness against a broad range of defects, demonstrating the feasibility of time-domain photonic computation.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145703990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2025-2000
Takuo Tanaka, Wakana Kubo
{"title":"Editorial on special issue “The 11th International Conference on Surface Plasmon Photonics (SPP11)”","authors":"Takuo Tanaka, Wakana Kubo","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-2000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-2000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145711409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2025-0421
Rostislav Řepa, Michal Horák, Tomáš Šikola, Vlastimil Křápek
Plasmonic antennas exploit localized surface plasmons to shape, confine, and enhance electromagnetic fields with subwavelength resolution. The field enhancement is contributed to by various effects, such as the inherent surface localization of plasmons or the plasmonic lightning-rod effect. Inspired by nanofocusing observed for propagating plasmons, we test the hypothesis that plasmonic antennas with a large cross-section represent a large charge reservoir, enabling large induced charge and field enhancement. Our study reveals that a large charge reservoir is accompanied by large radiative losses, which are the dominant factor, resulting in a low field enhancement.
{"title":"Charge reservoir as a design concept for plasmonic antennas","authors":"Rostislav Řepa, Michal Horák, Tomáš Šikola, Vlastimil Křápek","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0421","url":null,"abstract":"Plasmonic antennas exploit localized surface plasmons to shape, confine, and enhance electromagnetic fields with subwavelength resolution. The field enhancement is contributed to by various effects, such as the inherent surface localization of plasmons or the plasmonic lightning-rod effect. Inspired by nanofocusing observed for propagating plasmons, we test the hypothesis that plasmonic antennas with a large cross-section represent a large charge reservoir, enabling large induced charge and field enhancement. Our study reveals that a large charge reservoir is accompanied by large radiative losses, which are the dominant factor, resulting in a low field enhancement.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145703943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2025-0409
Qianli Qiu, Kang Li, Dongjie Zhou, Yuyang Zhang, Jinguo Zhang, Zongkun Zhang, Yan Sun, Lei Zhou, Ning Dai, Junhao Chu, Jiaming Hao
The long wavelength infrared (LWIR) range (8–14 µm) is crucial for thermal radiation detection, necessitating effective camouflage against advanced infrared technologies. Conventional camouflage approaches often rely on complicated photonic structures, facing significant implementation challenges. This study introduces a novel polarization-insensitive and angle-robust metacoating emitter for LWIR camouflage, inversely designed through a deep neural network (DNN) framework. The DNN framework facilitates the automatic optimization of the metacoating’s structural and material parameters. The resulting emitter achieves an average emissivity of 0.96 covering the LWIR range and a low emissivity of 0.25 in the other mid-infrared (MIR) region. Enhanced electromagnetic wave localization and energy dissipation, driven by high-lossy materials like bismuth and titanium, contribute to these properties. Infrared imaging confirms the emitter’s superior camouflage performance, maintain effectiveness at incident angle up to 70° while exhibiting strong polarization independence. This inverse-designed metacoating demonstrates significant potential to advance infrared camouflage technology, providing robust countermeasures against modern, wide-angle, and polarization-sensitive detection systems.
{"title":"Lithography-free subwavelength metacoatings for high thermal radiation background camouflage empowered by deep neural network","authors":"Qianli Qiu, Kang Li, Dongjie Zhou, Yuyang Zhang, Jinguo Zhang, Zongkun Zhang, Yan Sun, Lei Zhou, Ning Dai, Junhao Chu, Jiaming Hao","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0409","url":null,"abstract":"The long wavelength infrared (LWIR) range (8–14 µm) is crucial for thermal radiation detection, necessitating effective camouflage against advanced infrared technologies. Conventional camouflage approaches often rely on complicated photonic structures, facing significant implementation challenges. This study introduces a novel polarization-insensitive and angle-robust metacoating emitter for LWIR camouflage, inversely designed through a deep neural network (DNN) framework. The DNN framework facilitates the automatic optimization of the metacoating’s structural and material parameters. The resulting emitter achieves an average emissivity of 0.96 covering the LWIR range and a low emissivity of 0.25 in the other mid-infrared (MIR) region. Enhanced electromagnetic wave localization and energy dissipation, driven by high-lossy materials like bismuth and titanium, contribute to these properties. Infrared imaging confirms the emitter’s superior camouflage performance, maintain effectiveness at incident angle up to 70° while exhibiting strong polarization independence. This inverse-designed metacoating demonstrates significant potential to advance infrared camouflage technology, providing robust countermeasures against modern, wide-angle, and polarization-sensitive detection systems.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145697019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2025-0479
Stefanos Fr. Koufidis, Zeki Hayran, Francesco Monticone, John B. Pendry, Martin W. McCall
Optical analog computing enables powerful functionalities, including spatial differentiation, image processing, and ultrafast linear operations. Yet, most existing approaches rely on resonant or periodic structures, whose performance is strongly wavelength-dependent, imposing bandwidth limitations and demanding stringent fabrication tolerances. Here, to address some of these challenges, we introduce a highly tunable platform for optical processing, composed of two cascaded uniform slabs exhibiting both circular and linear birefringence, whose response exhibits features relevant to optical processing without relying on resonances. Specifically, using a coupled-wave theory framework we show that sharp reflection minima, referred to as spectral holes, emerge from destructive interference between counter-propagating circularly polarized waves in uniform birefringent slabs, and can be engineered solely through parameter tuning without requiring any spatial periodicity. When operated in the negative-refraction regime enabled by giant chirality, the interference response acquires a highly parabolic form around the reflection minimum, giving rise to a polarization-selective Laplacian-like operator that performs accurate spatial differentiation over a broad spatial-frequency range. This functionality is demonstrated through an edge-detection proof of concept. The required material parameters align closely with recent experimental demonstrations of giant, tunable chirality via meta-optics, presenting a promising pathway towards compact and reconfigurable platforms for all-optical pattern recognition and image restoration.
{"title":"Chirality-driven all-optical image differentiation","authors":"Stefanos Fr. Koufidis, Zeki Hayran, Francesco Monticone, John B. Pendry, Martin W. McCall","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0479","url":null,"abstract":"Optical analog computing enables powerful functionalities, including spatial differentiation, image processing, and ultrafast linear operations. Yet, most existing approaches rely on resonant or periodic structures, whose performance is strongly wavelength-dependent, imposing bandwidth limitations and demanding stringent fabrication tolerances. Here, to address some of these challenges, we introduce a highly tunable platform for optical processing, composed of two cascaded uniform slabs exhibiting both circular and linear birefringence, whose response exhibits features relevant to optical processing without relying on resonances. Specifically, using a coupled-wave theory framework we show that sharp reflection minima, referred to as spectral holes, emerge from destructive interference between counter-propagating circularly polarized waves in uniform birefringent slabs, and can be engineered solely through parameter tuning without requiring any spatial periodicity. When operated in the negative-refraction regime enabled by giant chirality, the interference response acquires a highly parabolic form around the reflection minimum, giving rise to a polarization-selective Laplacian-like operator that performs accurate spatial differentiation over a broad spatial-frequency range. This functionality is demonstrated through an edge-detection proof of concept. The required material parameters align closely with recent experimental demonstrations of giant, tunable chirality via meta-optics, presenting a promising pathway towards compact and reconfigurable platforms for all-optical pattern recognition and image restoration.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145696981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2025-0504
Tetsuhito Omori, Kentaro Iwami
Metasurface holography is a promising technology for next-generation 3D displays, however, conventional approaches for full-colorization have faced challenges. Wavelength multiplexing based on spatial segmentation/interleaving inevitably reduces pixel density, while techniques reliant on the Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phase are inherently polarization-dependent and have a theoretical efficiency limit of 50 %. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a design strategy that overcomes these limitations. The core of our approach is a single, polarization-independent meta-atom, realized with cross-shaped nanopillars made of silicon nitride (SiN), which enables the simultaneous and independent phase control over the three primary colors required for faithful 3D image reconstruction. This single-unit strategy surpasses the pixel density limitations of wavelength multiplexing. Furthermore, we combine this innovation with crosstalk elimination via spatial division of target 3D images and precise angle correction to ensure high-fidelity, superimposed reconstruction. Experimentally, we have successfully reconstructed high-definition, noise-free 3D full-color holograms. Our work resolves the critical limitations of pixel density and polarization dependence in metasurface holography, providing a robust pathway toward practical, high-performance holographic displays.
{"title":"Wavelength- and angle-multiplexed full-color 3D metasurface hologram","authors":"Tetsuhito Omori, Kentaro Iwami","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2025-0504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2025-0504","url":null,"abstract":"Metasurface holography is a promising technology for next-generation 3D displays, however, conventional approaches for full-colorization have faced challenges. Wavelength multiplexing based on spatial segmentation/interleaving inevitably reduces pixel density, while techniques reliant on the Pancharatnam–Berry (PB) phase are inherently polarization-dependent and have a theoretical efficiency limit of 50 %. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a design strategy that overcomes these limitations. The core of our approach is a single, polarization-independent meta-atom, realized with cross-shaped nanopillars made of silicon nitride (SiN), which enables the simultaneous and independent phase control over the three primary colors required for faithful 3D image reconstruction. This single-unit strategy surpasses the pixel density limitations of wavelength multiplexing. Furthermore, we combine this innovation with crosstalk elimination via spatial division of target 3D images and precise angle correction to ensure high-fidelity, superimposed reconstruction. Experimentally, we have successfully reconstructed high-definition, noise-free 3D full-color holograms. Our work resolves the critical limitations of pixel density and polarization dependence in metasurface holography, providing a robust pathway toward practical, high-performance holographic displays.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145703941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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