Trichophyton soudanense, Trichophyton violaceum, and Trichophyton tonsurans in Munich: Travel- and Migration-Related Cutaneous Fungal Infections.

IF 3 3区医学 Q2 DERMATOLOGY Dermatology Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-04 DOI:10.1159/000540360

Liv C Hoffmann, Lars E French, Markus Reinholz, Miklós Sárdy, Andreas Wollenberg, Annette Kerschnitzki, Orsolya N Horváth

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Abstract

Introduction: Trichophyton soudanense, Trichophyton violaceum, and Trichophyton tonsurans are considered rare pathogens in Germany. They are presumed to infect people from Germany when they are traveling to tropical and subtropical areas. The incidence and the mode of infection with these three fungal pathogens in Munich were investigated to assess their significance for clinical practice.

Methods: This monocentric study was conducted at a large European academic dermatology department in Munich from January 1, 2011, till August 30, 2020. We performed a retrospective analysis of medical data of all out- and inpatients presenting at our hospital with a suspected cutaneous fungal infection.

Results: A total of 87,229 swabs were collected from 48,916 patients; 11,513 (13.2%) cultures confirmed a fungal infection. One of the three aforementioned dermatophytes was detected in 247 (2.1%) samples. The average patient age was 15.5 years (0-84 years, SD: 15.6) at the time of infection. T. tonsurans was the confirmed pathogen in 137 (55.5%) samples with increasing frequency over time. T. tonsurans spread in 11 cases through close contact with humans (kindergarten, martial arts, accommodation for asylum seekers). T. violaceum was detected in 88 (35.6%) samples with a peak in 2016 and 2017. T. soudanense was detected in 22 (8.9%) samples. A total of 46.7% of all tinea capitis cases were caused by one of these pathogens.

Conclusion: In case of tinea capitis, a travel history should be performed and rare fungal infections should be considered in the differential diagnosis.

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慕尼黑的 T. soudanense、T. violaceum 和 T. tonsurans：与旅行和移民有关的皮肤真菌感染。

导言：苏旦毛癣菌、暴力毛癣菌和扁桃体毛癣菌在德国被认为是罕见的病原体。据推测，它们会在德国人前往热带和亚热带地区旅行时感染。我们调查了这三种真菌病原体在慕尼黑的发病率和感染方式，以评估它们对临床实践的意义：这项单中心研究于 2011 年 1 月 1 日至 2020 年 8 月 30 日在慕尼黑的一家大型欧洲学术皮肤科进行。我们对所有疑似皮肤真菌感染的门诊和住院患者的医疗数据进行了回顾性分析：结果：共从 48916 名患者身上采集了 87229 个拭子，其中 11513 个（13.2%）经培养证实为真菌感染。在 247 份（2.1%）样本中检测到了上述三种皮真菌中的一种。感染时患者的平均年龄为 15.5 岁（0-84 岁，SD：15.6）。在 137 份（55.5%）样本中，扁桃体毛癣菌是确诊的病原体，并且随着时间的推移，感染频率不断增加。在 11 个病例中，扁桃体毛癣菌通过与人类（幼儿园、武术馆、寻求庇护者收容所）的密切接触而传播。在 88 份（35.6%）样本中检测到了暴力毛癣菌，2016 年和 2017 年达到高峰。在 22 份（8.9%）样本中检测到苏旦毛癣菌。46.7%的头癣病例是由这些病原体之一引起的：结论：对于头癣病例，应了解旅行史，并在鉴别诊断中考虑罕见的真菌感染。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Dermatology 医学-皮肤病学

CiteScore

6.40

自引率

2.90%

发文量

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Published since 1893, ''Dermatology'' provides a worldwide survey of clinical and investigative dermatology. Original papers report clinical and laboratory findings. In order to inform readers of the implications of recent research, editorials and reviews prepared by invited, internationally recognized scientists are regularly featured. In addition to original papers, the journal publishes rapid communications, short communications, and letters to ''Dermatology''. ''Dermatology'' answers the complete information needs of practitioners concerned with progress in research related to skin, clinical dermatology and therapy. The journal enjoys a high scientific reputation with a continually increasing impact factor and an equally high circulation.