Effects of short- and long-term exercise training on cancer cells in vitro: Insights into the mechanistic associations.

IF 9.7 1区 医学 Q1 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Journal of Sport and Health Science Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI:10.1016/j.jshs.2024.100994
Francesco Bettariga, Dennis R Taaffe, Daniel A Galvão, Robert U Newton
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Abstract

Exercise is a therapeutic approach in cancer treatment, providing several benefits. Moreover, exercise is associated with a reduced risk for developing a range of cancers and for their recurrence, as well as with improving survival, even though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Preclinical and clinical evidence shows that the acute effects of a single exercise session can suppress the growth of various cancer cell lines in vitro. This suppression is potentially due to altered concentrations of hormones (e.g., insulin) and cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6) after exercise. These factors, known to be involved in tumorigenesis, may explain why exercise is associated with reduced cancer incidence, recurrence, and mortality. However, the effects of short- (<8 weeks) and long-term (≥8 weeks) exercise programs on cancer cells have been reported with mixed results. Although more research is needed, it appears that interventions incorporating both exercise and diet seem to have greater inhibitory effects on cancer cell growth in both apparently healthy subjects as well as in cancer patients. Although speculative, these suppressive effects on cancer cells may be driven by changes in body weight and composition as well as by a reduction in low-grade inflammation often associated with sedentary behavior, low muscle mass, and excess fat mass in cancer patients. Taken together, such interventions could alter the systemic levels of suppressive circulating factors, leading to a less favorable environment for tumorigenesis. While regular exercise and a healthy diet may establish a more cancer-suppressive environment, each acute bout of exercise provides a further "dose" of anticancer medicine. Therefore, integrating regular exercise could potentially play a significant role in cancer management, highlighting the need for future investigations in this promising area of research.

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短期和长期运动训练对体外癌细胞的影响:对机理关联的见解。
运动是治疗癌症的一种方法,具有多种益处。此外,运动还能降低罹患各种癌症及其复发的风险,并提高生存率,尽管其潜在机制仍不清楚。临床前和临床证据表明,单次运动的急性效应可抑制体外各种癌细胞株的生长。这种抑制作用可能是由于运动后激素(如胰岛素)和细胞因子(如肿瘤坏死因子α和白细胞介素6)浓度的改变。这些已知与肿瘤发生有关的因素可能解释了为什么运动与降低癌症发病率、复发率和死亡率有关。然而,运动对癌症的短期(或长期)影响并不明显。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
18.30
自引率
1.70%
发文量
101
审稿时长
22 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Sport and Health Science (JSHS) is an international, multidisciplinary journal that aims to advance the fields of sport, exercise, physical activity, and health sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Shanghai University of Sport, JSHS is dedicated to promoting original and impactful research, as well as topical reviews, editorials, opinions, and commentary papers. With a focus on physical and mental health, injury and disease prevention, traditional Chinese exercise, and human performance, JSHS offers a platform for scholars and researchers to share their findings and contribute to the advancement of these fields. Our journal is peer-reviewed, ensuring that all published works meet the highest academic standards. Supported by a carefully selected international editorial board, JSHS upholds impeccable integrity and provides an efficient publication platform. We invite submissions from scholars and researchers worldwide, and we are committed to disseminating insightful and influential research in the field of sport and health science.
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