Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Factors in Clinical Isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from Hospitalized Patients in Tehran, Iran.

IF 2.8 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY International Journal of Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1155/2024/8224242
Mahrokh Bahrami, Narjess Bostanghadiri, Mehdi Goudarzi, Niloufar Khodaei, Ali Hashemi
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Abstract

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia causes challenging infections in immunocompromised patients, exhibiting increasing resistance to multiple antimicrobials and possessing various virulence genes, including emerging resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. A total of 80 clinical isolates of S. maltophilia were collected from multiple hospitals in Tehran, Iran. This study conducted an analysis of antibiotic susceptibility by disc diffusion method and E-test assay, resistance and virulence gene frequencies were examined by PCR-sequencing, and multilocus sequencing typing (MLST) was performed for strain typing. Across the tested isolates, we observed notably high resistance rates for imipenem 80 (100%), meropenem 78(97.5%), and ceftazidime 72 (90%), while trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT) showed a lower resistance rate of 2 (2.5%). Minocycline and levofloxacin demonstrated the highest susceptibility rates, with 70 (87.5%) and 80 (100%), respectively. The prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes bla L1, and bla L2 was 71 (88.75%) and 76 (95%), respectively. Additionally, the PCR analysis revealed that the frequency of virulence genes (fliC, virB, papD, pilU, hlyIII, stmPr1, and stmPr2) was 78 (97.5%), 77 (96.25%), 58 (72.5%), 77 (96.2%), 76 (95%), 31 (38.75%), and 80 (100%), respectively. Resistance to SXT isolate belong to the sequence type (ST15) and exhibits allelic profiles of (10, 29, 21, 21, 32, 32, and 10). The data obtained from our investigation have indicated that SXT remains an efficacious antibiotic and also highlighted the importance of effective management, identification of resistant isolates, and typing methods to address the global prevalence of antibiotic resistance in S. maltophilia.

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伊朗德黑兰住院病人嗜麦芽僵单胞菌临床分离株的抗生素耐药性和毒力因子。
嗜麦芽霉单胞菌在免疫力低下的患者中引起具有挑战性的感染,对多种抗菌药的耐药性不断增强,并具有多种毒力基因,包括对三甲双胍-磺胺甲噁唑的新耐药性。本研究从伊朗德黑兰多家医院共收集到 80 个嗜麦芽糖酵母菌临床分离株。本研究通过盘扩散法和 E 测试法对抗生素敏感性进行了分析,通过 PCR 测序对耐药性和毒力基因频率进行了检测,并对菌株进行了多焦点测序分型(MLST)。在所有检测的分离株中,我们观察到亚胺培南的耐药率明显较高,为 80(100%);美罗培南为 78(97.5%);头孢他啶为 72(90%);而三甲双胍-磺胺甲噁唑(SXT)的耐药率较低,为 2(2.5%)。米诺环素和左氧氟沙星的敏感率最高,分别为 70(87.5%)和 80(100%)。抗生素耐药基因 bla L1 和 bla L2 的流行率分别为 71(88.75%)和 76(95%)。此外,PCR 分析显示,毒力基因(fliC、virB、papD、pilU、hlyIII、stmPr1 和 stmPr2)的频率分别为 78(97.5%)、77(96.25%)、58(72.5%)、77(96.2%)、76(95%)、31(38.75%)和 80(100%)。对 SXT 具有抗药性的分离株属于序列类型(ST15),其等位基因图谱为(10、29、21、21、32、32 和 10)。我们的调查数据表明,SXT 仍是一种有效的抗生素,同时也强调了有效管理、鉴定耐药分离物和分型方法对于解决全球嗜麦芽糖酵母菌抗生素耐药性流行问题的重要性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
57
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: International Journal of Microbiology is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies on microorganisms and their interaction with hosts and the environment. The journal covers all microbes, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, archaea, and protozoa. Basic science will be considered, as well as medical and applied research.
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