IS Intra-masseteric Dexamethasone Better than Intra-deltoid Injection in Reducing Post-operative Sequelae Following Impacted Third Molar Surgery?: A Randomized Clinical Study.

Abstract

Aim: The post-operative sequelae of third molar surgical extractions need to be controlled in order to reduce patient morbidity. Dexamethasone is a well-researched drug which has established its merit as an anti-inflammatory agent. The aim of this randomized clinical study was to compare the patient-centric outcomes after pre-emptive intramuscular injection of dexamethasone into the masseter and deltoid, respectively.

Materials and methods: The outcomes measured were pain, facial swelling and mouth-opening postoperatively on Day 1, 3 and 7. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 received an intra-oral injection of 8 mg of dexamethasone into the masseter muscle and a placebo injection of distilled-water into the deltoid muscle 2 h before surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar. Group 2 received an intra-oral placebo injection of distilled-water into masseter muscle and an 8 mg injection of dexamethasone into deltoid muscle.

Results: On comparison, Group 1 patients experienced statistically significant less pain (VAS score on day 1, 3, and 7), facial swelling (day 1, 3), and restricted mouth-opening (day 1, 3).

Conclusion: The study concluded that pre-emptive dexamethasone injection, at masseter or deltoid, is helpful in reducing post-operative sequelae of mandibular third molar extraction. However, the immediate post-operative outcomes were found to be better mitigated when the injection was administered locally into masseter muscle.