Imaging of Vertigo and Dizziness: A Site-based Approach, Part 1 (Middle Ear, Bony Labyrinth, and Temporomandibular Joint).

Abstract

The broad differential diagnosis of vertigo and dizziness passes through peripheral and central causes. Peripheral vestibular disorders, such as Ménière's disease and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, are commonly diagnosed clinically, with imaging serving to exclude other conditions. Temporal bone trauma, cholesteatoma, third window syndrome, otospongiosis, jugular bulb variants, and temporomandibular disorders are identified as significant causes of dizziness and vertigo, each with specific diagnostic and management considerations. Advanced imaging techniques, including high-resolution computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, play crucial roles in diagnosing and differentiating these conditions. The management strategies vary depending on the underlying cause and often involve surgical or medical interventions tailored to the specific pathology.