Seminars in Ultrasound Ct and Mri最新文献

Purpose: Radiology, like many fields in the current multigenerational era, is experiencing a challenge of defining and aligning professional behaviors across the work force generational spectrum. There are many facets to the challenge, including lack of or incomplete definitions of expected professional behavior, poor communication of behavioral expectations and shifting generational norms for what an individual's professional role in the workplace encompasses.

Conclusion: This perspective will provide insight into some of these challenges as well as raise awareness for the specific risk to radiology as a professional given the service-oriented nature of the profession.

Background: Timely identification of disease progression and/or active lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS) is essential for clinical management. Radiology reports often contain complex language, making consistent interpretation challenging. We developed a natural language processing (NLP)-based tool to assist radiologists in detecting MS-related changes and evaluated its explainability.

Objectives: To assess the performance and interpretability of NLP algorithms in identifying disease progression and/or active lesions in MRI reports of MS patients.

Methods: A retrospective study included 600 MRI reports labeled for MS progression and/or active lesions (January 2013-July 2022). Five hundred reports were used to fine-tune RoBERTa-based models; 100 served as the test set. A prospective evaluation was conducted on 122 reports. Explainability was assessed using the LIME tool and radiologist feedback.

Results: Retrospective accuracy was 87% for new/enlarged lesions and 96% for active lesions. Prospective accuracy improved to 94.26% and 99.18%, respectively. LIME-based interpretability yielded radiologist agreement rates of 53.2% (new/enlarged lesions) and 52.5% (active lesions).

Conclusions: Our NLP tools demonstrated high accuracy in detecting MS-related MRI findings. However, explainability remains limited, underscoring the need for more intuitive interpretability methods to support clinical integration.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) represents a wide variety of lung diseases, commonly resulting in irreversible changes with worsening quality of life and a high index of casualties per year. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) shows the highest prevalence and the worst survival rates among ILD subtypes. In contrast, autoimmune-related ILD often follows a more indolent course and is frequently secondary to an identifiable underlying condition that can potentially be managed. Early differentiation between them can optimize adequate treatment with favorable disease progression and patient outcomes. While high-resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) and pathology studies are the preferred methods for diagnosis and distinguishing between them, the radiological differentiation of IPF and autoimmune-related ILD disease is often subtle, necessitating the introduction of a revolutionary tool with more accurate results. Radiomics utilizes the imaging characteristics of lung tissue for early recognition and differentiation of ILD subtypes, predicting disease severity, and assessing treatment response. Key radiomics features differentiating IPF from autoimmune-related ILDs include texture features, indices of pixel density heterogeneity, volumetric parameters, and reticulation volume. While artificial intelligence-based methods have expanded the analytical capabilities of radiomics, significant challenges persist regarding robustness, interpretability, and generalizability. This article reviews the potential role and application of radiomics as an emerging tool in the recognition and differentiation of the two most frequent forms of ILD.

Academic medical centers, and particularly academic radiology, are undergoing profound transformations driven by factors such as expansion of clinical workload, workforce shortages, progressive expectations for educational and research activities, increasing enterprise integration, and the need for rapid adoption of new and developing technologies such as artificial intelligence. As a result, radiologists are increasingly expected to assume formal, and at times, informal leadership roles that require influencing organizational culture, leading complex change, and coordinating multidisciplinary or matrixed teams-often without structured leadership training or preparation. This manuscript highlights lesson learned from participation in an executive leadership development program, outlining the benefits, and providing reference resources that can be used for self-development. Key themes include the centrality of self-awareness to leadership effectiveness, the role of emotional and cultural intelligence, the importance of psychological safety in team dynamics, recommendations for leading effective teams, and the necessity of deliberate change management strategies to mitigate cynicism and sustain trust. The manuscript will demonstrate how intentional leadership development can strengthen departmental culture, enhance faculty engagement and retention, support innovation, and preserve radiology's strategic influence within the increasingly complex academic health systems. A list of resources for self-development is provided in an appendix.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common peripheral nerve disease that is addressed by hand surgery, and it is caused by increased pressure in the carpal tunnel, which compresses the median nerve. Ultrasound can clearly visualize the internal structures of the carpal tunnel and assess the morphology and mobility of the median nerve, which play an important role in the diagnosis of CTS. In this study, CiteSpace (version 6.2 R6) was employed to analyze the academic literature concerning countries, institutions, journals, authors, and keywords to identify the research trends and hotspots of ultrasound in CTS and to identify future research directions. Literature on ultrasound imaging of CTS published between 1998 and June 2025 was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace software was used to analyze countries, institutions, journals, authors, and keywords. The United States had the highest number of publications. Keyword analysis showed that CTS, the median nerve, diagnosis, cross-sectional area reference values, and ultrasound evaluation were the main research focuses. The United States, the United Kingdom, and Austria play important roles in ultrasound research on CTS. Ultrasound evaluation of the median nerve cross-sectional area and mobility is a key direction for the diagnosis of CTS, and current research hotspots focus on shear wave elastography techniques. In addition, we predict that with the advancement of ultrasound blood flow detection technology, assessing blood flow in the median nerve will become an important research direction.

Peripheral vascular disease is a significant cause of diabetic foot complications, resulting in delayed wound healing, ulceration, and amputation. This systematic review compared the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound, such as duplex Doppler and color-flow imaging, in diagnosing peripheral vascular disease in diabetic foot patients. In accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines, a systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase with gray literature sources yielded 687 English-language records from January 2015 up to July 15, 2025, the last day of searching. Forty-two studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria, involving 6168 patients, were selected and evaluated for sensitivity, specificity, and methodological quality using the QUADAS-2 tool. Overall across studies, unweighted sensitivity varied from 79%-95.2% (mean 89.46%) and specificity from 80%-94.7% (mean 90.05%). Prospective study design and the use of high-frequency probes (≥12 MHz) were linked to greater accuracy, especially in the identification of superficial tibial vessel disease. Diagnostic performance was affected by probe frequency, operator skill, patient factors such as obesity or arterial calcification, and reference standard variability. Secondary results involved sparse venous information, where two-thirds of patients undergoing imaging for venous disease had deep vein thrombosis. No meta-analysis was undertaken because there was important heterogeneity between studies in terms of design, population, and endpoints. Ultrasonography-in particular duplex Doppler-is seen to have high diagnostic usefulness, providing a low-cost, non-invasive option for digital subtraction angiography, though protocols need to be standardized and more prospective studies conducted to maximize its use in diabetic foot treatment.

Osteoarthritis is one of the most prevalent diseases in society today, resulting in significant socio-economic costs, and knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the most common type. Articular cartilage degeneration is the key pathological change of osteoarthritis, and cartilage plays a vital role in early diagnosis. With the advancement of science and technology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) became widely used in KOA as a non-invasive imaging tool for direct display of articular cartilage. This article explores the advantages, limitations, and improvement strategies of knee cartilage MRI in early diagnosis of KOA, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of its clinical significance. Compositional MRI can detect changes in tissue biochemical components before morphological changes occur, and quantitative and semi-quantitative methods can systematically evaluate minor changes in cartilage, exploring new biomarkers for early detection. Under the guidance of deep learning, high-resolution 3-dimensional technology, and super-resolution reconstruction technology, cartilage can be assessed more accurately and quickly, accelerating clinical transformation and enabling early intervention and management in the early stage of reversible cartilage recovery. Knee cartilage MRI can help us better perform early diagnosis of KOA. We should grasp the cartilage MRI in the early stage of the disease, improve the early diagnosis and treatment process and diagnostic classification criteria, accelerate the development of deep learning algorithms and new scanning methods, and push new technologies to the clinic as soon as possible.

To investigate the association between ablation range and energy of ultrasound (US)-guided microwave ablation (MWA) in the treatment of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Eighty-one patients with CRLM received MWA, which was fixed by single-electrode ablation. Conventional US and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) were required to confirm tumor size, location, and flow perfusion before ablation, then post-ablation CEUS was employed to ascertain the ablation range. Measurements of ablation zone volume, longitudinal and orthogonal diameters, as well as their ratios to ablation energy (R_AZV/E, R_ALD/E, R_AOD/E) were conducted. The influence of CRLM characteristics on ablation efficiency was further analyzed utilizing linear regression. The R_AZV/E is 0.70 cm³/KJ, R_ALD/E is 2.47 mm/KJ, R_AOD/E is 1.70 mm/KJ. Both R_ALD/E and R_AOD/E were inversely associated with ablation energy. Through the single attenuation model, the relationship between ablation longitudinal diameter and ablation energy is finally obtained as Y (mm) = -23.27 * exp (-0.06926 * x) + 42.97. The relationship between orthogonal diameter and ablation energy is Y (mm) = -23.43 * exp (-0.05742 * x) + 34.17. MWA plateau values in longitudinal diameter and orthogonal diameter of ablation are 41.87 and 34.17 mm, respectively. And there is no significant correlation between R_AZV/E and CRLM features (such as CEUS blood supply). Theoretically, considering the safety margin of 5 mm on one side, MWA can completely ablate small CRLM whose diameter is less than 24 mm through a single fixed ablation device. The characteristics of CRLM (such as blood supply of CEUS) have little effect on ablation efficiency.

This review aims to summarize the application of synthetic magnetic resonance imaging (SyMRI) technology in the research of cognitive impairment disorders.A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies on the use of SyMRI in the assessment and management of cognitive impairment disorders. The search was performed by querying PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, Embase, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. Cognitive impairment disorders can lead to a decline in activities of daily living, affecting patients' social functioning and quality of life, and even the loss of independent living ability, bringing a serious burden to families and society. SyMRI is a novel imaging technique that can provide both structural information and quantitative data, and has shown promising application results in various diseases. The review of existing literature suggests that SyMRI has the potential to contribute to the diagnosis, assessment, early detection, and management of cognitive impairment disorders.The application of SyMRI technology in cognitive impairment disorders is a promising area of research that may provide valuable insights and tools for the clinical management of these conditions. Further studies are warranted to fully explore the potential of this novel imaging technique in this field.