Climatological Tracking and Lifecycle Characteristics of Mesoscale Convective Systems in Northwestern South America

IF 3.8 2区 地球科学 Q2 METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI:10.1029/2024JD041159
Vanessa Robledo, Juan J. Henao, John F. Mejía, Álvaro Ramírez-Cardona, K. Santiago Hernández, Sebastián Gómez-Ríos, Ángela M. Rendón
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Abstract

Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) are crucial in shaping large-scale tropical circulation and the hydrological cycle, particularly in Northwestern South America (NwSA), a region marked by complex terrain and significant MCS activity. Understanding MCSs in NwSA is vital due to their impact on precipitation patterns and potential for severe weather events. To enhance this understanding, the ATRACKCS algorithm was developed for tracking convective systems, utilizing precipitation and brightness temperature data sets. This research focuses on documenting the spatiotemporal variability of MCS occurrence, life cycle, and movement. Notably, MCS hotspots were identified to the west of the major orographic features in the region, with maximum occurrences at night, contrasting with the region's typical afternoon peak in land convection. MCS movement is also heavily influenced by topography, with higher velocities on the eastern (windward) side of the Andes compared to velocities on the western (leeward) side. MCSs generally move westward, driven by easterly winds, but this pattern is not consistent throughout the year or region. Northward movement is predominant to the west of the Andes, while southward movement is observed to the east. These seasonal and regional movement variations are linked to factors such as the intertropical convergence zone position, moisture availability, topography, and low-level jets. This research underscores the complexity of MCSs in NwSA and emphasizes the need for detailed studies on the atmospheric environment shaping these systems. Additionally, it provides a robust 21-year MCS database for NwSA and an advanced tracking tool for research in various geographic contexts and impact areas.

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南美洲西北部中尺度对流系统的气候学跟踪和生命周期特征
中尺度对流系统(MCSs)对形成大尺度热带环流和水文循环至关重要,尤其是在南美洲西北部(NwSA),该地区地形复杂,中尺度对流系统活动频繁。了解南美洲西北部地区的多重大气环流对降水模式和潜在的恶劣天气事件的影响至关重要。为了加强这种了解,利用降水和亮度温度数据集开发了跟踪对流系统的 ATRACKCS 算法。这项研究的重点是记录 MCS 发生、生命周期和移动的时空变化。值得注意的是,在该地区主要地貌特征以西发现了多层对流系统热点,其最大发生时间为夜间,与该地区典型的陆地对流午后高峰形成鲜明对比。多股对流的移动也在很大程度上受到地形的影响,安第斯山脉东侧(迎风面)的速度比西侧(背风面)的速度高。在东风的驱动下,多氯联苯通常向西移动,但这种模式在全年或整个地区并不一致。安第斯山脉以西主要是向北移动,而以东则是向南移动。这些季节性和区域性的移动变化与热带辐合带位置、水汽供应、地形和低空喷流等因素有关。这项研究强调了西北大西洋大气辐合带的复杂性,并强调了对形成这些系统的大气环境进行详细研究的必要性。此外,它还为西北高原暖温带地区提供了一个强大的 21 年多级气候系统数据库,并为各种地理环境和影响区域的研究提供了先进的跟踪工具。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geophysics
CiteScore
7.30
自引率
11.40%
发文量
684
期刊介绍: JGR: Atmospheres publishes articles that advance and improve understanding of atmospheric properties and processes, including the interaction of the atmosphere with other components of the Earth system.
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