Core–shell nanofibers/polyurethane composites obtained through electrospinning for ultra-broadband electromagnetic wave absorption

IF 23.2 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI:10.1007/s42114-024-00976-6
Xiangwei Meng, Jing Qiao, Jiurong Liu, Lili Wu, Zhou Wang, Fenglong Wang
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Abstract

The fabrication of nano-materials with delicate microstructure design and suitable multicomponent allocation is considered as a promising approach to meet the requirements of lightweight, high efficiency, and broadband absorption for electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers. Toward this end, nickel/carbon@zirconium dioxide core–shell nanofibers composited with polyurethane were successfully prepared through flexible electrospinning, carbonization, and a subsequent resin curing process. Profiting from the synergistic coactions of constituents and unique morphology, the ternary nanocomposites displayed the minimum reflection loss of − 61.7 dB at 17.1 GHz, and an ultra-broad bandwidth up to 8.3 GHz. In-depth investigation through electromagnetic parameters analysis and electric field distribution simulation indicated that the introduction of zirconium dioxide brought about the optimal impedance matching, while the existence of nickel and abundant heterogeneous interfaces contributed to diverse attenuation pathways, including interface polarization, dipoles polarization, conductivity loss, and magnetic loss. Thus, this study paved new research avenues for the design and synthesis of one-dimensional high-performance microwave absorbing materials, and enriched the application range of polyurethane matrix composites.

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通过电纺丝获得的芯壳纳米纤维/聚氨酯复合材料用于超宽带电磁波吸收
要满足电磁波(EMW)吸收器轻质、高效和宽带吸收的要求,制造具有精细微结构设计和适当多组分分配的纳米材料被认为是一种很有前途的方法。为此,通过柔性电纺丝、碳化和随后的树脂固化工艺,成功制备了与聚氨酯复合的镍/碳@二氧化锆核壳纳米纤维。三元纳米复合材料得益于各种成分的协同作用和独特的形态,在 17.1 GHz 频率下的反射损耗最小为 - 61.7 dB,超宽带宽可达 8.3 GHz。通过电磁参数分析和电场分布模拟进行的深入研究表明,二氧化锆的引入带来了最佳阻抗匹配,而镍和丰富的异质界面的存在则导致了多种衰减途径,包括界面极化、偶极子极化、电导损耗和磁损耗。因此,这项研究为设计和合成一维高性能微波吸收材料开辟了新的研究途径,丰富了聚氨酯基复合材料的应用范围。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
26.00
自引率
21.40%
发文量
185
期刊介绍: Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials is a leading international journal that promotes interdisciplinary collaboration among materials scientists, engineers, chemists, biologists, and physicists working on composites, including nanocomposites. Our aim is to facilitate rapid scientific communication in this field. The journal publishes high-quality research on various aspects of composite materials, including materials design, surface and interface science/engineering, manufacturing, structure control, property design, device fabrication, and other applications. We also welcome simulation and modeling studies that are relevant to composites. Additionally, papers focusing on the relationship between fillers and the matrix are of particular interest. Our scope includes polymer, metal, and ceramic matrices, with a special emphasis on reviews and meta-analyses related to materials selection. We cover a wide range of topics, including transport properties, strategies for controlling interfaces and composition distribution, bottom-up assembly of nanocomposites, highly porous and high-density composites, electronic structure design, materials synergisms, and thermoelectric materials. Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials follows a rigorous single-blind peer-review process to ensure the quality and integrity of the published work.
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