Highly luminescent gold nanoparticles prepared via a facile photochemical method for bioimaging applications

IF 23.2 2区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI:10.1007/s42114-024-00964-w
Lulu Yang, Feihong Yan, Shengcang Zhu, Helin Liu, Jianhai Wang, Lijun Wang, Yuankai Hong, Limin Fu, Jianping Zhang, Xia Chen, Xiaojing Song, Weibo Zhang, Rongcheng Han, Yuqiang Jiang, Yinlin Sha, Zhiyong Liu
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Abstract

Luminescent gold nanoparticles (L-AuNPs) with diameters exceeding 2 nm hold great promise for biomedical imaging due to their unique optical properties and excellent biocompatibility. However, they typically exhibit weak photoluminescence (PL) because of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effects. Moreover, conventional synthesis of L-AuNPs, often through thermal or chemical reduction, tends to be complex and labor-intensive. It is crucial, therefore, to develop more straightforward synthesis methods that enhance PL emission efficiency. Herein, we introduce a facile photochemical method for synthesizing highly luminescent AuNPs coated with 2-n-hexylthio-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-thiol (L-AuNP@HTT). These nanoparticles, with a diameter of 3.19 nm, exhibit outstanding optical properties, including a high quantum yield (φ ~ 12%), an extremely long luminescence lifetime (~ 1 µs), a symmetric PL spectrum, and a narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM ≤ 49 nm). They also feature an exceptionally large two-photon absorption cross-section (σ), reaching up to 8.0 × 104 GM (1 GM = 10−50 cm4 s photon−1). Upon encapsulation in a polymer matrix (p-AuNPs), the TPA cross-sections were further enhanced to 1.1 × 108 GM. These p-AuNPs demonstrated high photostability and efficient targeting to mitochondria, making them highly effective for mitochondrial-targeted two-photon excited luminescence (TPEL) imaging. Deep-tissue time-gated TPEL imaging and in vivo computed tomography (CT) imaging have also been achieved with p-AuNPs. This work establishes a straightforward synthesis route for highly luminescent gold nanoparticles larger than 2 nm, significantly broadening their potential in various bioimaging applications.

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通过简便的光化学方法制备用于生物成像的高发光金纳米粒子
直径超过 2 纳米的发光金纳米粒子(L-AuNPs)具有独特的光学特性和良好的生物相容性,因此在生物医学成像方面大有可为。然而,由于表面等离子体共振(SPR)效应,它们通常表现出微弱的光致发光(PL)。此外,L-AuNPs 的传统合成方法通常是通过热还原或化学还原,往往既复杂又耗费人力。因此,开发能提高 PL 发射效率的更简单合成方法至关重要。在此,我们介绍了一种简便的光化学方法,用于合成涂有 2-正己基硫基-1,3,4-噻二唑-5-硫醇(L-AuNP@HTT)的高发光 AuNPs。这些直径为 3.19 nm 的纳米粒子具有出色的光学特性,包括高量子产率(φ ~ 12%)、超长发光寿命(~ 1 µs)、对称的 PL 光谱和窄的半最大全宽(FWHM ≤ 49 nm)。它们还具有超大的双光子吸收截面(σ),高达 8.0 × 104 GM(1 GM = 10-50 cm4 s 光子-1)。封装在聚合物基质(p-AuNPs)中后,TPA 截面进一步提高到 1.1 × 108 GM。这些 p-AuNPs 表现出很高的光稳定性和高效的线粒体靶向性,使其在线粒体靶向双光子激发发光(TPEL)成像中非常有效。p-AuNPs 还实现了深层组织时间门控 TPEL 成像和活体计算机断层扫描(CT)成像。这项工作为大于 2 纳米的高发光金纳米粒子建立了一条直接的合成路线,大大拓宽了它们在各种生物成像应用中的潜力。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
26.00
自引率
21.40%
发文量
185
期刊介绍: Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials is a leading international journal that promotes interdisciplinary collaboration among materials scientists, engineers, chemists, biologists, and physicists working on composites, including nanocomposites. Our aim is to facilitate rapid scientific communication in this field. The journal publishes high-quality research on various aspects of composite materials, including materials design, surface and interface science/engineering, manufacturing, structure control, property design, device fabrication, and other applications. We also welcome simulation and modeling studies that are relevant to composites. Additionally, papers focusing on the relationship between fillers and the matrix are of particular interest. Our scope includes polymer, metal, and ceramic matrices, with a special emphasis on reviews and meta-analyses related to materials selection. We cover a wide range of topics, including transport properties, strategies for controlling interfaces and composition distribution, bottom-up assembly of nanocomposites, highly porous and high-density composites, electronic structure design, materials synergisms, and thermoelectric materials. Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials follows a rigorous single-blind peer-review process to ensure the quality and integrity of the published work.
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