Aeration treatment promotes transformation of soil phosphorus fractions to plant-available phosphorus by modulating rice rhizosphere microbiota

IF 6.1 1区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE Soil & Tillage Research Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI:10.1016/j.still.2024.106318
Deshun Xiao , Xinxin Tang , Song Chen, Guang Chu, Yuanhui Liu, Danying Wang, Chunmei Xu
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Abstract

Microorganisms play an important role in affecting the content of available phosphorus (P) in plant rhizosphere soil. However, the effect of aeration on available P in rice rhizosphere soil and its microbial mechanism remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of aeration strategies on available P and P-solubilizing microorganisms in rhizosphere soil, employing three different aeration methods (continuous flooding (CF), continuous flooding and aeration (CFA), and alternate wetting and drying (AWD)). We analyzed the bacterial and fungal community structures in rice rhizosphere soil via Illumina sequencing techniques and quantified the abundance of P transformation functional genes related to inorganic P solubilization (pqqC) and organic P mineralization (phoC, phoD, and appA) through quantitative PCR. Our findings revealed that the AWD treatment significantly increased soil pH and Eh; Both AWD and CFA treatments markedly increased soil Olsen-P content at the tillering and heading stages, as well as the microbial carbon-to-phosphorus ratio (MBC/MBP) at the heading and maturity stages. Cluster analysis showed distinct bacterial communities at the heading and maturity stages under AWD, which differed from those in other treatments. Fungal communities at the tillering and heading stages under CFA and AWD grouped together. AWD and CFA treatments consistently enhanced labile-P in the rhizosphere soil throughout the entire growth stages, while reducing moderately labile-P during the tillering and heading stages. Compared to CF, at the heading and maturity stages, the copy numbers of pqqC, phoD, phoC, and appA were higher under AWD compared to other treatments. In conclusion, this study posits that the increase in Olsen-P in paddy fields due to aeration results from improved oxygen conditions in the rhizosphere, alterations in pH and Eh, effects on microbial stoichiometry, and adjustments in the abundance and composition of P-solubilizing microorganisms, thereby promoting P transformation. This conclusion provides new insights into the conversion of soil P Fractions into plant-available forms.
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通气处理通过调节水稻根瘤微生物群促进土壤磷组分向植物可利用磷的转化
微生物在影响植物根圈土壤中可利用磷(P)含量方面发挥着重要作用。然而,通气对水稻根圈土壤中可利用磷的影响及其微生物机制仍不清楚。本研究采用了三种不同的通气方法(连续淹水(CF)、连续淹水和通气(CFA)以及交替湿润和干燥(AWD)),旨在阐明通气策略对根瘤土壤中可利用磷和钾溶性微生物的影响。我们通过 Illumina 测序技术分析了水稻根瘤土壤中的细菌和真菌群落结构,并通过定量 PCR 分析了与无机钾增溶(pqqC)和有机钾矿化(phoC、phoD 和 appA)相关的钾转化功能基因的丰度。我们的研究结果表明,AWD 处理显著提高了土壤 pH 值和 Eh 值;AWD 和 CFA 处理均显著提高了分蘖期和拔节期的土壤奥尔森-P 含量,以及拔节期和成熟期的微生物碳磷比(MBC/MBP)。聚类分析显示,在 AWD 条件下,打顶期和成熟期的细菌群落与其他处理不同。CFA和AWD处理下分蘖期和打顶期的真菌群落归为一类。在整个生长阶段,AWD 和 CFA 处理持续增加了根瘤土壤中的可溶性磷,而在分蘖期和茎秆期则适度减少了可溶性磷。与 CF 处理相比,在顶芽期和成熟期,AWD 处理的 pqqC、phoD、phoC 和 appA 的拷贝数高于其他处理。总之,本研究认为,通气导致水稻田中奥尔森-P 的增加是由于根圈中氧气条件的改善、pH 值和 Eh 值的改变、微生物化学计量的影响以及钾溶解微生物丰度和组成的调整,从而促进了钾的转化。这一结论为土壤中的钾馏分转化为植物可利用的形式提供了新的见解。
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来源期刊
Soil & Tillage Research
Soil & Tillage Research 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
13.00
自引率
6.20%
发文量
266
审稿时长
5 months
期刊介绍: Soil & Tillage Research examines the physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic. Manuscripts will be considered on aspects of soil science, physics, technology, mechanization and applied engineering for a sustainable balance among productivity, environmental quality and profitability. The following are examples of suitable topics within the scope of the journal of Soil and Tillage Research: The agricultural and biosystems engineering associated with tillage (including no-tillage, reduced-tillage and direct drilling), irrigation and drainage, crops and crop rotations, fertilization, rehabilitation of mine spoils and processes used to modify soils. Soil change effects on establishment and yield of crops, growth of plants and roots, structure and erosion of soil, cycling of carbon and nutrients, greenhouse gas emissions, leaching, runoff and other processes that affect environmental quality. Characterization or modeling of tillage and field traffic responses, soil, climate, or topographic effects, soil deformation processes, tillage tools, traction devices, energy requirements, economics, surface and subsurface water quality effects, tillage effects on weed, pest and disease control, and their interactions.
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