Indoor air pollutants and microbes in mass rapid transit (MRT) trains of north-western area of Bangkok, Thailand: Impact on indoor air quality and human health

Q2 Environmental Science Environmental Challenges Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI:10.1016/j.envc.2024.101022
{"title":"Indoor air pollutants and microbes in mass rapid transit (MRT) trains of north-western area of Bangkok, Thailand: Impact on indoor air quality and human health","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.envc.2024.101022","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most modern cities suffer from urban air pollution caused by human activity such as traffic and other sources. Various pollutants in the environment may pose a threat to the health of commuters. The objective of this study is to assess the indoor air quality (IAQ) in MRT purple line trains serving the north-western area of Bangkok in order to determine any potential impacts on human health. The monitored parameters include total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), temperature, relative humidity, carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), formaldehyde (CH<sub>2</sub>O), and fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>). The indoor air pollutant concentrations in the MRT remained within the permissible thresholds. The results of the correlation analysis reveal that relative humidity (RH) and PM<sub>2.5</sub> are positively correlated in both the wintertime and summertime measurement campaigns. In contrast, CO<sub>2</sub> correlated with temperature in the wintertime and CO in the rainy season. Bacterial and fungal loads were estimated during various measurement campaigns in MRT. Fungi and bacterial loads were higher in the MRT trains during the wintertime and rainy season campaigns. The IAQ of MRT train in Bangkok is within the satisfactory and excellent category of air quality index (AQI). The inhaled doses of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, CO, and VOCs were also estimated to identify their health effects on commuters. The inhaled dose of PM<sub>2.5</sub> was comparatively higher than other pollutants. In this study, a general perspective of the IAQ in the MRT system was provided. It is recommended to conduct more research studies on various MRT lines in Bangkok to further investigate the levels of bacteria, fungi, TVOCs, O<sub>3</sub>, and PM. Additionally, the ventilation mode in MRT needs to be investigated as it is the main factor affecting the IAQ.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34794,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Challenges","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Environmental Challenges","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010024001884","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"Environmental Science","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

Most modern cities suffer from urban air pollution caused by human activity such as traffic and other sources. Various pollutants in the environment may pose a threat to the health of commuters. The objective of this study is to assess the indoor air quality (IAQ) in MRT purple line trains serving the north-western area of Bangkok in order to determine any potential impacts on human health. The monitored parameters include total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs), temperature, relative humidity, carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), ozone (O3), formaldehyde (CH2O), and fine particulate matter (PM2.5). The indoor air pollutant concentrations in the MRT remained within the permissible thresholds. The results of the correlation analysis reveal that relative humidity (RH) and PM2.5 are positively correlated in both the wintertime and summertime measurement campaigns. In contrast, CO2 correlated with temperature in the wintertime and CO in the rainy season. Bacterial and fungal loads were estimated during various measurement campaigns in MRT. Fungi and bacterial loads were higher in the MRT trains during the wintertime and rainy season campaigns. The IAQ of MRT train in Bangkok is within the satisfactory and excellent category of air quality index (AQI). The inhaled doses of PM2.5, CO, and VOCs were also estimated to identify their health effects on commuters. The inhaled dose of PM2.5 was comparatively higher than other pollutants. In this study, a general perspective of the IAQ in the MRT system was provided. It is recommended to conduct more research studies on various MRT lines in Bangkok to further investigate the levels of bacteria, fungi, TVOCs, O3, and PM. Additionally, the ventilation mode in MRT needs to be investigated as it is the main factor affecting the IAQ.
查看原文
分享 分享
微信好友 朋友圈 QQ好友 复制链接
本刊更多论文
泰国曼谷西北部地区大众捷运(MRT)列车中的室内空气污染物和微生物:对室内空气质量和人体健康的影响
大多数现代城市都遭受着由交通和其他来源等人类活动造成的城市空气污染。环境中的各种污染物可能会对乘客的健康构成威胁。本研究的目的是评估曼谷西北部地区地铁紫线列车的室内空气质量(IAQ),以确定对人体健康的潜在影响。监测参数包括总挥发性有机化合物 (TVOC)、温度、相对湿度、一氧化碳 (CO)、二氧化碳 (CO2)、臭氧 (O3)、甲醛 (CH2O) 和细颗粒物 (PM2.5)。MRT 的室内空气污染物浓度保持在允许阈值范围内。相关性分析结果显示,在冬季和夏季的测量活动中,相对湿度(RH)和 PM2.5 都呈正相关。相比之下,冬季的二氧化碳与温度相关,雨季的二氧化碳与温度相关。在 MRT 的各种测量活动中,对细菌和真菌负荷进行了估算。在冬季和雨季,地铁列车中的真菌和细菌数量较高。曼谷地铁列车的室内空气质量在空气质量指数(AQI)的满意和优级范围内。此外,还估算了 PM2.5、CO 和 VOC 的吸入剂量,以确定它们对乘客健康的影响。PM2.5 的吸入剂量相对高于其他污染物。本研究提供了捷运系统室内空气质量的总体视角。建议对曼谷各条地铁线路进行更多的研究,进一步调查细菌、真菌、TVOC、O3 和 PM 的水平。此外,还需要调查地铁的通风模式,因为这是影响室内空气质量的主要因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 去求助
来源期刊
Environmental Challenges
Environmental Challenges Environmental Science-Environmental Engineering
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
249
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊最新文献
Long-term monitoring, predicting and connection between built-up land and urban heat island patterns based on remote sensing data Overcoming barriers to proactive plastic recycling toward a sustainable future Development of a brand value measurement model with a corporate social responsibility perspective. A comparative analysis of consumer perception of energy providers in Spain and Colombia Application of meta-heuristic hybrid models in estimating the average air temperature of Caspian sea coast of Iran Global change drives potential niche contraction and range shift of globally threatened African vulture
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
已复制链接
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
×
扫码分享
扫码分享
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1