Heat transfer modeling with fixed and mobile heaters for frost protection in apple orchards

IF 8.9 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Computers and Electronics in Agriculture Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI:10.1016/j.compag.2024.109525

Weiyun Hua , Paul Heinemann , Long He

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Abstract

Effective heating is important for protection of commercial crops from frost. In this study, a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) orchard model was developed to predict temperature distributions in an apple orchard from two forced air heaters under different wind conditions and fixed heating layouts. The simulated results show that placing heaters angled upwind had a larger average volume percentage of protected canopy (VPPC) than angled downwind. Reducing the interaction of heat flows between heaters improved the average canopy temperature (ACT) and VPPC in the fixed heating layouts. However, the proposed fixed heating layouts provided insufficient protection performance of the canopy with only a maximum VPPC of 32.2%. A mobile heating case i.e., moving the heaters from one end of the tree row to the other, was modeled based on a moving mesh simulation. Quantitative comparisons between the mobile heating case and three fixed heating cases, i.e., placing the heaters angled 45° at one end of the tree row, the middle of the tree row, and the other end of the tree row were conducted. The results show that the simulated VPPC for the mobile heating case increased by 1,180.0% compared to the first fixed heating cases, and 141.5% compared to the second and third fixed heating cases.

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利用固定和移动加热器进行苹果园防冻传热建模

有效加热对保护经济作物免受霜冻非常重要。本研究建立了一个三维计算流体动力学（CFD）果园模型，以预测在不同风力条件和固定加热布局下，两个强制空气加热器在苹果园中的温度分布。模拟结果表明，在上风向放置加热器比在下风向放置加热器具有更大的平均保护冠体积百分比（VPPC）。在固定加热布局中，减少加热器之间热流的相互作用可提高平均冠层温度（ACT）和 VPPC。然而，拟议的固定加热布局对树冠的保护性能不足，最大 VPPC 仅为 32.2%。基于移动网格模拟，建立了移动加热模型，即把加热器从树行的一端移动到另一端。对移动加热情况和三种固定加热情况（即在树行的一端、树行的中间和树行的另一端以 45° 的角度放置加热器）进行了定量比较。结果表明，与第一种固定加热情况相比，移动加热情况下的模拟 VPPC 增加了 1180.0%，与第二和第三种固定加热情况相比，增加了 141.5%。

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来源期刊

Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 工程技术-计算机：跨学科应用

CiteScore

15.30

自引率

14.50%

发文量

800

审稿时长

62 days

期刊介绍： Computers and Electronics in Agriculture provides international coverage of advancements in computer hardware, software, electronic instrumentation, and control systems applied to agricultural challenges. Encompassing agronomy, horticulture, forestry, aquaculture, and animal farming, the journal publishes original papers, reviews, and applications notes. It explores the use of computers and electronics in plant or animal agricultural production, covering topics like agricultural soils, water, pests, controlled environments, and waste. The scope extends to on-farm post-harvest operations and relevant technologies, including artificial intelligence, sensors, machine vision, robotics, networking, and simulation modeling. Its companion journal, Smart Agricultural Technology, continues the focus on smart applications in production agriculture.