Waste cigarette filters-based polymer blends membrane for filtration of high loaded natural organic matter river water

IF 5.3 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Cleaner Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.clet.2024.100816
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Abstract

Waste cigarette filter (WCF) is one of the most common wastes found in the environment. Cigarette filters contain up to 96% cellulose acetate (CA), which can be used as a material for membrane fabrication. However, the CA-based membrane from WCF posed a weak mechanical property (brittle). Therefore, the objective of this work is to improve mechanical property of CA-based membrane from WCF by preparing blend membranes with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer and evaluate their performance for filtration of real river water containing high natural organic matter (NOM) concentrations. The variations of WCF and PVDF used were 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100. The membranes were then characterized to determine the morphology, pore size and pore size distribution, hydrophilicity, mechanical properties, and filtration performance of the membrane using clean water and river water. The SEM test results showed the presence of spherulites on the surface of the blend membrane, indicating that crystallization occurred during membrane formation. The spherulites resulted in smaller pore size, narrower pore size distribution, higher hydrophilicity, and mechanical properties. Meanwhile, the filtration test results showed that blend membranes produced higher permeability compared to pristine WCF, PVDF, and commercial-based CA membranes, where the result of river water permeability was in the range of 875–1062.5 L/m2.h.bar. The membrane fouling formation was aligned well with the result of permeability and is dominated by irreversible fouling formation from the dynamic cake layer built on the membrane surface, with NOM rejections of 26.6–33.8%, suggesting the need for further developments.
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基于废卷烟滤嘴的聚合物混合物膜用于过滤高负荷天然有机物河水
废香烟过滤嘴(WCF)是环境中最常见的废物之一。香烟过滤嘴含有高达 96% 的醋酸纤维素 (CA),可用作膜制造材料。然而,从 WCF 中提取的基于 CA 的膜具有较弱的机械性能(脆性)。因此,这项工作的目的是通过制备与聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)聚合物的混合膜来改善以 WCF 为原料的 CA 基膜的机械性能,并评估其在过滤含有高浓度天然有机物(NOM)的真实河水时的性能。所使用的 WCF 和 PVDF 的比例分别为 100:0、75:25、50:50、25:75 和 0:100。然后,使用清水和河水对膜进行表征,以确定膜的形态、孔径和孔径分布、亲水性、机械性能和过滤性能。扫描电子显微镜测试结果表明,混合膜表面存在球粒,这表明膜在形成过程中发生了结晶。球形颗粒使膜的孔径更小、孔径分布更窄、亲水性更强、机械性能更好。同时,过滤测试结果表明,与原始的 WCF、PVDF 和商用 CA 膜相比,混合膜产生了更高的渗透率,其中河水渗透率的结果范围为 875-1062.5 L/m2.h.bar。膜污垢的形成与渗透性的结果非常吻合,主要是膜表面形成的动态滤饼层形成的不可逆污垢,NOM 的去除率为 26.6%-33.8%,这表明需要进一步开发。
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来源期刊
Cleaner Engineering and Technology
Cleaner Engineering and Technology Engineering-Engineering (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
9.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
218
审稿时长
21 weeks
期刊最新文献
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