Detection of Babesia spp., and Theileria spp., in sheep across diverse provinces of Iran

IF 1.4 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI:10.1016/j.vprsr.2024.101131

Gholamreza Habibi , Mohammad Hossein Fallah Mehrabadi , Saeid Fathi , Kasra Esmaeilnia , Amin Shahedi , Fereshteh Yazdani , Asghar Afshari

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Abstract

This study aimed to identify the diversity of Babesia and Theileria species in sheep across various regions of Iran using microscopic and molecular techniques, including species-specific PCR and enzymatic digestion. A total of 373 blood samples were collected from sheep during the tick vector activity period, from 2018 to 2021, in provinces such as Tehran, Alborz, Qazvin, Hamedan, West Azerbaijan, Kerman, and Fars.

Results showed that 101 samples (27 %) exhibited piroplasms including 78 samples of Theileria spp. and 23 samples of Babesia spp. A molecular approach using general primers detected piroplasm parasites in 145 samples (38 %). Theileria ovis was notably present in 91 samples (24.39 %), followed by Theileria lestoquardi in 24 samples (6.43 %). Babesia ovis infection was detected in 30 samples (8.4 %). Despite extensive molecular evaluation, no other Babesia species, including Babesia motasi, were identified. Co-infections involving T. ovis and T. lestoquardi (4 samples; 1.07 %) and T. ovis and B. ovis (6 samples; 1.60 %) were observed. No Babesia spp. were detected in Kerman and Fars provinces, although T. ovis and T. lestoquardi were present.

Blast analysis of the sequences indicated 100 % intra-species similarity, with inter-species similarities of 83.3 % (B. ovis and T. lestoquardi), 84.4 % (B. ovis and T. ovis), and 96.44 % (T. ovis and T. lestoquardi). In conclusion, B. ovis was the main cause of Babesiosis, while Theileriosis was predominantly attributed to T. ovis and T. lestoquardi. Molecular diagnostics play a key role in accurately distinguishing between these species, particularly in cases of co-infection involving Babesia spp. and Theileria spp.

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在伊朗不同省份的绵羊中检测巴贝西亚原虫和泰勒氏原虫

本研究旨在利用显微镜和分子技术（包括物种特异性 PCR 和酶解技术）确定伊朗各地区绵羊中巴贝斯虫和泰勒虫物种的多样性。结果表明，101 个样本（27%）出现了血浆寄生虫，其中包括 78 个 Theileria 属样本和 23 个 Babesia 属样本。在 91 个样本（24.39%）中发现了明显的颚丝虫，其次是 24 个样本（6.43%）中的巢丝虫。在 30 个样本（8.4%）中检测到了猫吸虫感染。尽管进行了广泛的分子评估，但仍未发现其他巴贝西亚原虫，包括马达加斯加巴贝西亚原虫。在样本中发现了猫吸虫和莱斯托夸迪猫吸虫（4 个样本；1.07 %）以及猫吸虫和巴贝西亚原虫（6 个样本；1.60 %）的合并感染。序列的 Blast 分析表明种内相似度为 100%，种间相似度为 83.3%（B. ovis 和 T. lestoquardi）、84.4%（B. ovis 和 T. ovis）和 96.44%（T. ovis 和 T. lestoquardi）。总之，巴贝西亚原虫病的主要病原体是巴贝西亚原虫，而泰勒氏原虫病的主要病原体是泰勒氏原虫和莱斯托夸迪氏原虫。分子诊断在准确区分这些物种方面发挥着关键作用，尤其是在巴贝西亚原虫和泰勒丝虫同时感染的情况下。

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来源期刊

Veterinary parasitology, regional studies and reports Multiple-

CiteScore

2.90

自引率

7.10%

发文量

126

审稿时长

97 days

期刊介绍： Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports focuses on aspects of veterinary parasitology that are of regional concern, which is especially important in this era of climate change and the rapid and often unconstrained travel of people and animals. Relative to regions, this journal will accept papers of the highest quality dealing with all aspects of disease prevention, pathology, treatment, epidemiology, and control of parasites within the field of veterinary medicine. Also, case reports will be considered as they add to information related to local disease and its control; such papers must be concise and represent appropriate medical intervention. Papers on veterinary parasitology from wildlife species are acceptable, but only if they relate to the practice of veterinary medicine. Studies on vector-borne bacterial and viral agents are suitable, but only if the paper deals with vector transmission of these organisms to domesticated animals. Studies dealing with parasite control by means of natural products, both in vivo and in vitro, are more suited for one of the many journals that now specialize in papers of this type. However, due to the regional nature of much of this research, submissions may be considered based upon a case being made by the author(s) to the Editor. Circumstances relating to animal experimentation must meet the International Guiding Principles for Biomedical Research Involving Animals as issued by the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (obtainable from: Executive Secretary C.I.O.M.S., c/o W.H.O., Via Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland).