Mesozoic clastic provenance during post-rift evolution of the Essaouira Agadir Basin, Northern Morocco

IF 2.2 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of African Earth Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2024.105429
Emmanuel Roquette , Aude Duval-Arnould , Orrin Bryers , Stefan Schröder , Tim Luber , Ian Millar , Rémi Charton , Luc Bulot , Jonathan Redfern
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Abstract

This study combines several provenance tools, analysis of published structural and geodynamic data, integrated with Low-Temperature Thermochronology (LTT) and time-Temperature Modelling (tTM) to reconstruct the evolution of source-to-sink systems feeding the Essaouira-Agadir Basin (EAB) during the Jurassic (Toarcian, Bathonian, and Kimmeridgian) and Lower Cretaceous (Hauterivian and Barremian).
LTT and tTM define timing and rate of subsidence and exhumation of the hinterland and allows modelling of the predicted age and lithology of eroding rock units from the most-likely source locations through time. Extrapolation of predicted surface geology allows recognition of the lithology of sedimentary overburden in the hinterland, much of which has been subsequently eroded and is not preserved in the modern surfical geological record.
Heavy mineral, petrography and detrital zircon data analysis was carried out on fluvial and shallow marine sandstones sampled from Jurassic and Cretaceous sections across in the EAB. The results document changing sediment source terrains through time. In the Early and Middle Jurassic, the heavy mineral and detrital zircon signature correlates with a Palaeozoic source, suggesting provenance was dominantly from erosion of Cambrian and Ordovician sandstone in the Central and Western Anti-Atlas. From the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, the heavy mineral and zircon signatures have a strong affinity with Triassic sediments. This indicates a provenance switch to the exhuming West Moroccan Arch (MAM and Western Meseta), interpreted to have been largely covered by Triassic continental red beds at the time.
The results help in predicting sediment delivery offshore, into the deep-water basin, where sandstones are a target for hydrocarbon exploration. Defining timing of input, location and composition helps to de-risk exploration. All the intervals examined contained discrete fluvial systems entering in the EAB, suggesting multiple periods of clastic delivery. Results suggest the Middle Jurassic and Hauterivian and Barremian intervals offer the optimum time for delivery of coarse clastics to the shelf margin, and potentially into the deep basin. The source to sink maps developed in this study further characterize these systems, their provenance and timing.
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摩洛哥北部索维拉-阿加迪尔盆地断裂后演化过程中的中生代碎屑岩出处
这项研究结合了多种探源工具、对已公布的构造和地球动力学数据的分析,并与低温热成年学(LTT)和时间-温度模型(ttm)相结合,重建了侏罗纪(托阿尔克纪、巴斯顿纪和基默里德纪)和下白垩统(豪特里维纪和巴雷姆纪)期间索维拉-阿加迪尔盆地(EAB)的源-汇系统的演变。LTT 和 tTM 确定了腹地沉降和掘起的时间和速度,并可对最有可能的来源地侵蚀岩石单元的年龄和岩性进行预测建模。通过对预测的地表地质进行推断,可以识别腹地沉积覆盖层的岩性,其中大部分沉积覆盖层后来被侵蚀,没有保留在现代地表地质记录中。分析结果表明,沉积物来源地形随着时间的推移而不断变化。在早侏罗世和中侏罗世,重矿物和碎屑锆石特征与古生代来源相关,表明来源主要是寒武纪和奥陶纪砂岩在中西部反阿特拉斯地区的侵蚀。从晚侏罗世到早白垩世,重矿物和锆石特征与三叠纪沉积物有很强的亲缘关系。这些结果有助于预测沉积物向近海深水盆地的输送情况,该盆地的砂岩是油气勘探的目标。确定输入时间、地点和成分有助于降低勘探风险。所研究的所有区间都包含进入 EAB 的离散河流系统,这表明碎屑岩的输送经历了多个时期。研究结果表明,中侏罗世、豪特里维世和巴里米亚世时期是向大陆架边缘输送粗碎屑岩的最佳时期,也可能是向深海盆地输送碎屑岩的最佳时期。本研究绘制的源汇图进一步描述了这些系统、其来源和时间。
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来源期刊
Journal of African Earth Sciences
Journal of African Earth Sciences 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
4.30%
发文量
240
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of African Earth Sciences sees itself as the prime geological journal for all aspects of the Earth Sciences about the African plate. Papers dealing with peripheral areas are welcome if they demonstrate a tight link with Africa. The Journal publishes high quality, peer-reviewed scientific papers. It is devoted primarily to research papers but short communications relating to new developments of broad interest, reviews and book reviews will also be considered. Papers must have international appeal and should present work of more regional than local significance and dealing with well identified and justified scientific questions. Specialised technical papers, analytical or exploration reports must be avoided. Papers on applied geology should preferably be linked to such core disciplines and must be addressed to a more general geoscientific audience.
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