Escape the uncertainty by Internet gaming: A serial mediation model of intolerance of uncertainty and Internet Gaming Disorder

Abstract

Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) is a transdiagnostic trait associated with Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), but the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. Guided by the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution model, this research explored the serial mediation of experiential avoidance and maladaptive cognitions related to Internet gaming. A sample of 1393 Internet gamers (62.5 % male, aged 14–50, with an average weekly game time of 17.05 h) completed self-report measures of IU, experiential avoidance, maladaptive cognitions, and IGD. Structural equation modelling revealed that IU directly predicted IGD, and indirectly predicted IGD through experiential avoidance and maladaptive cognitions. This hypothesized model explained 46 % of the variance in IGD. These findings suggest that IGD may be particularly problematic for individuals who fear uncertainty. Meanwhile, habitual avoidance of negative experiences and distorted gaming cognitions are key mechanisms linking IU to IGD. While IU is a static risk trait for IGD, experiential avoidance and maladaptive cognitions are more proximal and modifiable risk factors. Addressing these factors may offer promising intervention paths. Given the cross-sectional nature of this study, future research should use longitudinal designs to better assess causal relationships.