Hawaiian legends of coastal devastation and paleotsunami reconstruction, Nu'u, Kaupō, Maui, Hawai'i

IF 2.6 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Marine Geology Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI:10.1016/j.margeo.2024.107408
Scott Fisher , James Goff , Andrew Cundy , David Sear , James Terry , Randall J. LeVeque , Loyce M. Adams , Diana Sahy
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Abstract

In Hawaiʻi, tsunamis are often described in orally transmitted legends (moʻolelo). This study examines sedimentary evidence of a possible local submarine landslide-generated tsunami, described in a legend from the south east coast of Maui which originated between the 15th Century CE and the first arrival of Europeans in 1778 CE. Physical evidence for a tsunami, found at the Nu'u Refuge, Maui, is primarily comprised of an extensive coral clast deposit (found 8.5 m above msl and 251 m inland from the shoreline) together with waterworn cobbles which form fracture-embedded wedge clasts in a local basalt escarpment (at up to 8 m above msl). U/Th dating of the coral clasts gives a maximum tsunami deposit age of 1671 CE for the event that may have inspired the local moʻolelo. This depositional sequence is used to characterize the nature of the assumed tsunami in terms of inundation distance, maximum wave runup and minimum flow velocities. A numerical model developed using GeoClaw matches well with the physical evidence. The data and modeling presented here suggest that locally-generated tsunamis from submarine landslides warrant further research attention as sources of destructive high energy marine inundation events.
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夏威夷关于海岸破坏和古海啸重建的传说,夏威夷毛伊岛考波 Nu'u
在夏威夷,海啸经常在口头流传的传说(moʻolelo)中被描述。本研究考察了毛伊岛东南海岸传说中可能由当地海底滑坡引发海啸的沉积证据,该传说起源于公元 15 世纪到公元 1778 年欧洲人首次抵达毛伊岛期间。在茂宜岛努乌避难所(Nu'u Refuge)发现的海啸物证主要包括大面积的珊瑚碎屑沉积物(发现于海拔 8.5 米、距海岸线 251 米的内陆地区)和水磨鹅卵石,这些碎屑在当地玄武岩峭壁(海拔高达 8 米)上形成断裂嵌入的楔形碎屑。珊瑚碎屑的 U/Th 测定结果表明,海啸沉积物的最大年龄为西元 1671 年,这一事件可能是当地 "鼹鼠 "的灵感来源。该沉积序列用于从淹没距离、最大波速和最小流速等方面描述假定海啸的性质。利用 GeoClaw 开发的数值模型与物理证据非常吻合。本文提供的数据和模型表明,海底滑坡在当地产生的海啸作为破坏性高能量海洋淹没事件的来源,值得进一步研究关注。
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来源期刊
Marine Geology
Marine Geology 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
6.90%
发文量
175
审稿时长
21.9 weeks
期刊介绍: Marine Geology is the premier international journal on marine geological processes in the broadest sense. We seek papers that are comprehensive, interdisciplinary and synthetic that will be lasting contributions to the field. Although most papers are based on regional studies, they must demonstrate new findings of international significance. We accept papers on subjects as diverse as seafloor hydrothermal systems, beach dynamics, early diagenesis, microbiological studies in sediments, palaeoclimate studies and geophysical studies of the seabed. We encourage papers that address emerging new fields, for example the influence of anthropogenic processes on coastal/marine geology and coastal/marine geoarchaeology. We insist that the papers are concerned with the marine realm and that they deal with geology: with rocks, sediments, and physical and chemical processes affecting them. Papers should address scientific hypotheses: highly descriptive data compilations or papers that deal only with marine management and risk assessment should be submitted to other journals. Papers on laboratory or modelling studies must demonstrate direct relevance to marine processes or deposits. The primary criteria for acceptance of papers is that the science is of high quality, novel, significant, and of broad international interest.
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