Marine Geology最新文献

{"title":"Extreme wave events inferred from large subaerial carbonate boulders on a rocky coast in Pasuquin, Ilocos Norte, Philippines","authors":"Edrian M. Tubalado ,&nbsp;Noelynna T. Ramos ,&nbsp;Lyndon P. Nawanao Jr. ,&nbsp;Ace Matthew F. Cantillep ,&nbsp;Alec Benjamin G. Ramirez ,&nbsp;Jelian S. Reyes ,&nbsp;Kathrine V. Maxwell ,&nbsp;Shou-Yeh Gong ,&nbsp;Tsai-Luen Yu ,&nbsp;Chuan-Chou Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2026.107704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.margeo.2026.107704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal boulder deposits serve as sedimentary markers of extreme wave events (EWEs), with their morphological analysis offering valuable insights into the nature of these events. In the coastal regions of Pasuquin, Ilocos Norte, and other parts of northwest Luzon Island in the Philippines, extensive fields of large carbonate boulders are often found on Holocene emergent reefs. We studied 198 carbonate boulders at two boulder field sites in Pasuquin (Davila and Dilavo). The emergent fringing reef, at an elevation of between −0.21 below to 1.5 m above mean sea level across the platform (corrected from the Currimao tide station), is characterized by spur-and-groove morphology with solution pans/pools, and occasional fossil microatolls. Boulders had varying orientations and were mostly flat blocks in shape, with the largest measured boulder weighing up to 31.49 t. Based on their overall shape, composition, and observed tilting/overturning, these boulders are inferred to have been sourced from the underlying reef platform. Spatial statistics, bivariate statistics, and frequency distribution of carbonate boulders in Dilavo (south boulder field) show clustering with multimodal weight distribution and include more boulders weighing over 9 t compared to Davila (north boulder field). Framework corals comprising the boulders reveal ²³⁰Th ages between 1262.6 ± 4.8 and 2815.9 ± 6.7 YBP (relative to 1950 CE), which may indicate the timing of initial displacement and deposition due to an extreme overwash event. Meanwhile, fossil corals within the emergent reef have ages between 444.9 ± 1.8 and 677.9 ± 2.2 YBP, possibly indicating a younger uplift event after boulder displacement and subsequent emplacement. This new information on the spatial distribution and morphology of large carbonate boulders in northern Luzon provides additional insights into the characteristics of past EWEs and may be useful in understanding and preparing for future coastal hazards in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18229,"journal":{"name":"Marine Geology","volume":"493 ","pages":"Article 107704"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new and more accurate overfill ratio for beach nourishments and its comparison with James' RA","authors":"Antonio Contreras-de-Villar ,&nbsp;Enzo Pranzini ,&nbsp;Giorgio Anfuso ,&nbsp;Juan J. Muñoz-Perez","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2026.107705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.margeo.2026.107705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><span><span>Pranzini et al. (2018)</span></span> designed a method, for borrowed sediment selection in beach nourishment projects, that solved the problems inherent to James' abacus (1975). However, it suffered in turn from the lack of an overfill ratio. A new and more accurate methodology is presented here to calculate the mentioned ratio. To demonstrate the implications of the new proposed method, the overfill ratios calculated are compared with those obtained using the method of James (R_A) for nine beaches and nourished sands with different granulometries. The comparison showed that the method of <span><span>James (1975)</span></span> predicted a much larger fraction of the borrow sediment to be unstable, thus requiring higher nourishment volumes to achieve a certain beach width and implying increased economic costs<em>.</em></div></div>","PeriodicalId":18229,"journal":{"name":"Marine Geology","volume":"493 ","pages":"Article 107705"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating the Bruun rule with sediment compatibility analysis for shoreline change evaluation under water level fall","authors":"Hesamodin Enayatighadikolaei ,&nbsp;Takayuki Suzuki ,&nbsp;Martin Mäll ,&nbsp;Mohsen Soltanpour","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shoreline progradation in enclosed basins such as the Caspian Sea—driven by climate-induced hydrological change—poses unique challenges for coastal prediction, as most existing models were developed for water-level rise and open-coast dynamics. The original Bruun rule assumes a closed sediment budget and therefore tends to overpredict shoreline advance under falling water levels, overlooking the offshore loss of finer sediment fractions. To address this gap, the study introduces a new index, the Compatibility Index (CI), and integrates it into the Bruun rule, comparing six CI methods across six sandy and two sandy–gravel monitoring stations. While the Bruun rule was originally designed for sandy beaches, its applicability was extended here to mixed sand–gravel profiles. A practical decision framework—combining acceptable CI ranges from three prioritized methods and local bed slope—identifies an optimal CI (CI_O) for each station. Shoreline change from 2013 to 2022 was tracked using cross-shore profiles and high-resolution satellite imagery. Incorporating the CI_O into the Bruun rule reduced root mean square error from 61.3 m to 21.4 m, mean absolute error from 49.0 m to 16.6 m, and mean bias error from 49.0 m to 14.6 m, improving prediction accuracy by 73.2%. The resulting model delivers robust, site-specific shoreline forecasts and provides a practical tool for coastal managers planning setback zones or adaptation strategies in enclosed-basin environments, while offering a transferable framework for similar settings worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18229,"journal":{"name":"Marine Geology","volume":"493 ","pages":"Article 107701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sedimentation behavior of deep-sea mining plumes in a marine ionic environment: Insights from the west Philippine Basin","authors":"Ning Ma ,&nbsp;Xian Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhengqi Wu ,&nbsp;Xuguang Chen ,&nbsp;Xingzheng Gao ,&nbsp;Fengpeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Benthic plumes generated by deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining pose significant threats to the marine ecological environment and represent one of the primary challenges hindering the commercialization of deep-sea mining. This study investigates the sedimentation behavior of deep-sea sediment plumes in the West Philippine Basin to assess the potential environmental impacts of mining activities. The results reveal that the presence of marine inorganic salts markedly enhances the sedimentation efficiency of suspended sediment particles, and the settling rate in seawater was approximately two to three times higher than that in pure water, highlighting the strong promotion effect of inorganic ions—especially divalent cations such as Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺—on particle aggregation and sedimentation efficiency. A characteristic thickness parameter introduced through numerical simulations quantitatively describes interparticle electrostatic interactions and provides a predictive tool for plume-settling behavior under different salinity and concentration conditions. By linking plume sedimentation kinetics with marine physicochemical processes, this study enhances understanding of how electrochemical properties of particles influence plume motion and dispersion in deep-sea environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18229,"journal":{"name":"Marine Geology","volume":"493 ","pages":"Article 107703"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145895937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control of sediment supply and fault-controlled topography on the evolution of undulating bedforms in the Eastern Shenhu Slope, northern South China Sea","authors":"Kunwen Luo ,&nbsp;Ming Su ,&nbsp;Shan Liu ,&nbsp;Zhi Lin Ng ,&nbsp;Zhixuan Lin ,&nbsp;Ce Wang ,&nbsp;Hui Chen ,&nbsp;Haiteng Zhuo","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depositional and erosional bedforms are prevalent in submarine environments worldwide, and have the potential to preserve critical records of continental margin evolution, ocean circulation, climate variability, and paleo-geohazards. However, the origin and evolution of such bedforms remain debated. This study employs high-resolution three-dimensional seismic reflection data to investigate the origin, evolution, and controlling factors of undulating bedforms on the eastern Shenhu slope, northern South China Sea. Morphometric analyses of these bedforms, as well as morphometric-based calculating of turbidity currents velocity, distinguish them as turbidity current-generated bedforms. Initiated since Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 38 (horizon SB3) until the present, bedforms on the Shenhu slope are divided into two stages: (1) from MIS 38 to MIS 20 (horizons SB3–SB4), where erosional crescentic scours and elongated troughs, are formed under vigorous turbidity currents; (2) from MIS 12 to the present (horizon SB5–seafloor), where depositional bedforms, sediment waves, with near-linear crests, formed under relatively weaker current. Their evolution was governed by the interplay of the progradation of the paleo-Pearl River shelf-edge delta and the development of a horsetail normal fault system in the upper slope, with an increase in sediment supply since 1.6 <em>Ma</em> and a decrease in fault activity between 2.58 <em>Ma</em> until 474 ka (MIS 12). Fault-controlled conduits enhanced current velocity and erosion until MIS 20, which transitioned into unconfined flows and depositional waves as faults were progressively buried. These findings highlight the pivotal roles of sediment supply and seafloor topography in shaping deep-water sedimentary systems, offering insights into the sedimentary dynamics on continental margins.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18229,"journal":{"name":"Marine Geology","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 107702"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sea-level and basement structural controls on Late Quaternary sedimentation in a tropical wave-dominated delta: Evidence from subsurface cores in Kaveri Delta, India","authors":"Kartika Goswami ,&nbsp;Linto Alappat ,&nbsp;Manoj K. Jaiswal ,&nbsp;Sivakumar Krishnan ,&nbsp;Anbarasu Kumaresan ,&nbsp;Senthil Kumar Sadasivam ,&nbsp;Xianjiao Ou","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Kaveri (Cauvery) River delta on the southeast coast of India is among the largest sedimentary archives of peninsular India, preserving a complex record of sea-level fluctuations, fluvial dynamics, and tectonic controls in a tropical wave-dominated setting. This study presents results from four 25 m-deep sediment cores, analysed for chronology using quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating, along with sedimentological characterisation and micropalaeontological (foraminiferal) analysis. Chronological data reveal four marine transgressions during MIS 5.5 (∼122 ka), MIS 5.1 (∼72 ka), MIS 3 (∼41 ka), and MIS 1 (9-6 ka). Corresponding foraminiferal assemblages confirm episodic marine influence well into the deltaic interior. Stratigraphic contrasts between inland and coastal cores indicate that the structural high along the Vedaranyam Ridge influenced accommodation space and sediment trapping within the adjoining Nagapattinam depression. Our findings emphasise that Late Quaternary delta development was governed by both allogenic (climate, sea level) and autogenic (sediment load, channel dynamics) processes. Notably, while Holocene sea-level records are relatively well documented, reliable evidence for Pleistocene highstands from the east coast of India remains sparse and discontinuous. By providing one of the few continuous stratigraphic and chronological records of multiple late Pleistocene highstands from the east coast of India, this study offers new insights into long-term deltaic response to external forcing in low-latitude coastal systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18229,"journal":{"name":"Marine Geology","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 107700"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental changes in the Okinawa Trough over the last 88 ka BP: Evidence from high-resolution bulk mineralogy","authors":"Lingfeng Luo ,&nbsp;Xuguang Feng ,&nbsp;Jianjun Zou ,&nbsp;Xisheng Fang ,&nbsp;Xinru Xue ,&nbsp;Ruxi Dou ,&nbsp;Baohua Han ,&nbsp;Qingchao Wang ,&nbsp;Aimei Zhu ,&nbsp;Zhi Dong ,&nbsp;Gang Yang ,&nbsp;Xuefa Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deciphering sediment source-to-sink processes along the continental margin remains a frontier in marine sedimentology and paleoenvironmental research. The thick sedimentary sequences in the East China Sea and the Okinawa Trough provide an ideal setting for deciphering the riverine sediment discharge from East Asian rivers into the ocean and the evolution of the Kuroshio Current. While various proxies have been used to investigate sedimentary processes and paleoenvironmental evolution in the Okinawa Trough, debates persist regarding the variation processes, spatial patterns, and controlling mechanisms of sediment fluxes during the late Quaternary. Here, we present high-resolution bulk minerals from core CSH1 in the northern Okinawa Trough to investigate variations in terrigenous sediment composition, provenance, and fluxes over the last 88 ka BP. Dominant minerals in core CSH1 include quartz, plagioclase, mica, and calcite. Notably, calcite content and the calcite/quartz ratio exhibit lower values in glacials and higher values in interglacials, predominantly reflecting biogenic input. Enhanced Kuroshio Current facilitated warm and nutrient-rich waters to the northern Okinawa Trough and stimulate high calcareous productivity during interglacials. Quartz, plagioclase, and mica are typical detrital minerals, primarily derived from the East Asian continent and the Japan island arc. Sediment provenance indicates that the Changjiang and the Huanghe mixed inputs dominated during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5.1, the Huanghe inputs dominated during MIS 4 to MIS 2, while Japan island arc volcaniclastic contributions increase significantly after 8 ka BP. Sea-level exerts a first-order control on terrestrial sediment supply. Other factors including East Asian Summer Monsoon, Kuroshio Current variability, and paleo-eustasy positioning have secondary influence on sediment pattern of the Okinawa Trough.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18229,"journal":{"name":"Marine Geology","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 107699"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological response and recovery of a headland-bay beach under sequential typhoon impacts","authors":"Qi Chen ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Fangting He ,&nbsp;Shihao Liu ,&nbsp;Ya Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Jianjun Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of coastal hazards, with rising sea levels and intensifying typhoons accelerating coastal erosion worldwide. Although headland-bay beaches are widely regarded as topographically protected, they are not immune to substantial erosion during intense typhoons. However, their morphodynamic responses to extreme events—particularly sequential typhoon impacts—remain poorly quantified and mechanistically understood, largely due to the lack of high-resolution monitoring. Here we examine Dasha Beach in Zhejiang Province, China, using high-resolution UAV-derived topography to quantify morphological changes associated with two sequential typhoons, Hinnamnor and Muifa, in September 2022. Hinnamnor generated 9827 m³ of net erosion concentrated in the central beach, and Muifa caused an additional 6370 m³ of erosion, completely removing the remaining beach berm. Post-typhoon recovery deposited 7352 m³ of sediment, predominately reconstructing the northern beach berm, and restoring volumes to pre-Muifa but not pre-Hinnamnor levels. Hydrodynamic analyses reveal pronounced cross-bay gradients in wave energy, with stronger forcing in the northern sector producing enhanced erosion during the typhoons and greater accretion during recovery. During typhoons, waves primarily drove cross-shore sediment transport. In the recovery phase dominated by obliquely incident waves, however, waves facilitated both cross-shore and longshore sediment transport. Swash processes (uprush and backwash) dominated sediment transport, while water-level variations controlled its spatial extent. Specifically, Muifa-induced high water levels combined with energetic waves led to severe berm erosion. The stable berm sediments, derived from well-sorted backshore and dune areas, exhibited minimal grain-size change under typhoon impact. The coarser sediments indicate that the depositional material during the recovery phase originated from the submarine seabed. Although Dasha Beach currently exhibits substantial short-term resilience, increasingly frequent and intense typhoons will pose escalating challenges. Therefore, the assessment of the need for human intervention on the beach and the design of appropriate beach nourishment schemes are among the key focuses for future research. Overall, these findings refine the process-based understanding of storm-driven morphodynamics, and provide a basis for safeguarding headland-bay beach stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18229,"journal":{"name":"Marine Geology","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 107698"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Pleistocene (1.94–1.46 Ma) records for the upper Mediterranean Outflow Water branch reveal low and high latitude climate influences","authors":"Antje H.L. Voelker ,&nbsp;Emanuelle Ducassou ,&nbsp;Barbara Balestra ,&nbsp;Jose Abel Flores ,&nbsp;Gary D. Acton ,&nbsp;Carl Richter ,&nbsp;Chuang Xuan ,&nbsp;Johanna Lofi ,&nbsp;Ana Alberto ,&nbsp;Henning Kuhnert ,&nbsp;Carlos A. Alvarez Zarikian","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW), modified by paleoceanographic conditions and tectonic processes, played a significant role in the formation of sediments drifts along the Iberian Margin. Using sediment samples from IODP Hole U1387C, we explore the Early Pleistocene history of the upper MOW core above the central Faro Drift in the Gulf of Cádiz. The time series of benthic foraminifer stable isotope and grain size related data have a rigorous stratigraphic framework consisting of nannofossil biostratigraphy and paleomagnetic and δ¹⁸O stratigraphy. The paleoenvironmental records are supplemented by natural gamma ray downhole logging data. Above the hiatus associated with the youngest dolostone, sandy to muddy contourite sedimentation started at 1.946 Ma, i.e., within Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 74, at IODP Site U1387, slightly younger than at IODP Site U1389. Formation of contourite layers, reflected in the sortable silt and sand percentage records, strongly reacted to precession forcing, including semi- and quarter-precession cycles. The majority of the contourite beds developed during stadial (colder) climate periods, like previous observations from the Early to Late Pleistocene. Formation of contourite layers within MIS 53, MIS 55 and MIS 65, however, appear to be linked to the prevailing atmospheric conditions over North Africa. Periods of poor ventilation in the upper MOW were linked to insolation maxima and reduced ventilation in the Mediterranean Sea. Here, MIS 51 presents a peculiar case as poor ventilation reached from the surface to the lower North Atlantic Deep Water range, reflecting unique interglacial conditions that merit future exploration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18229,"journal":{"name":"Marine Geology","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 107697"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145797359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geomorphic control of wave run-up by berm morphology on sandy beaches","authors":"Yingtao Zhou ,&nbsp;Zheng Li ,&nbsp;Yu Zhu ,&nbsp;Yuanshu Jiang ,&nbsp;Xi Feng ,&nbsp;Weibing Feng ,&nbsp;Yulong Xue ,&nbsp;Jutong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.margeo.2025.107692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to advance the current understanding of the role that the berm plays in modulating wave run-up dynamics for elevation control purposes. Accurate prediction of wave run-up is essential for coastal hazard assessment and management, yet existing empirical models often fail to account for the dynamic influence of berm morphology. This study introduces a new empirical formula for wave run-up that solves the current wave run-up empirical formula can not adequately consider the instantaneous changes in the berm (including width, elevation, and onshore slope). Using field measurements from sandy beaches in Haikou, China, combined with numerical simulations (XBeach) and video-derived run-up data from a Coastal Shore-based Video Imagery Monitoring System (COSVIMS), we analyze run-up behavior on composite-profile beaches featuring a gentle berm and steep dune. Results demonstrate that berm geometry significantly attenuates run-up: a higher and wider berm reduces both vertical elevation and horizontal extent of run-up. The proposed model which including berm height (<em>h</em>_<em>B</em>), berm platform length (<em>L</em>_<em>B</em>), and the onshore slope of the berm ridge (<em>β</em>_<em>Son</em>) outperforms established formulations across multiple international beach datasets, showing higher correlation and lower root-mean-square error (RMSE = 0.046) than old models. By capturing real-time feedback between berm evolution and run-up, this improved formula resolves the issue of asynchrony between hydrodynamics and run-up, thereby providing a robust basis for real-time calculations of wave-topography interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18229,"journal":{"name":"Marine Geology","volume":"492 ","pages":"Article 107692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}