Influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza-associated hospitalizations in children, Hong Kong, November 2023 to June 2024

IF 2.7 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY Vaccine: X Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100570

So-Lun Lee , Mike Y.W. Kwan , Caitriona Murphy , Eunice L.Y. Chan , Joshua S.C. Wong , Sheena G. Sullivan , Malik Peiris , Benjamin J. Cowling

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Abstract

We conducted a test negative study from November 2023 to June 2024, enrolling 4,367 children hospitalized with acute respiratory illness in Hong Kong. Among the children who tested negative for influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2, 56.8 % had received influenza vaccination. Between November 2023 and March 2024, influenza A(H3N2) predominated and the VE against influenza A(H3N2) was estimated as 55 % (95 % CI: 29.6 %, 71.8 %). VE point estimates were higher for younger children than older children. In February to June 2024 influenza A(H1N1) predominated and VE against influenza A(H1N1) was 54 % (95 % CI: 33 %, 69 %) during this period. Influenza B/Victoria circulated at low intensity throughout the 2023/24 season and VE against influenza B was 66 % (95 % CI: 42 %, 80 %). Since its introduction in 2018/19 the school-based influenza vaccination program has substantially increased vaccine uptake in children in Hong Kong and prevented influenza-associated hospitalizations.

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2023 年 11 月至 2024 年 6 月香港儿童接种流感疫苗预防流感相关住院病例的成效

我们在 2023 年 11 月至 2024 年 6 月期间进行了一项检测呈阴性的研究，共招募了 4367 名在香港因急性呼吸道疾病住院的儿童。在流感病毒和 SARS-CoV-2 检测呈阴性的儿童中，56.8% 接受过流感疫苗接种。在 2023 年 11 月至 2024 年 3 月期间，甲型流感（H3N2）占主导地位，估计甲型流感（H3N2）的 VE 为 55%（95% CI：29.6%，71.8%）。年幼儿童的 VE 点估计值高于年长儿童。2024 年 2 月至 6 月，甲型 H1N1 流感占主导地位，在此期间，甲型 H1N1 流感的 VE 为 54 %（95 % CI：33 %，69 %）。在整个 2023/24 季度，乙型流感/维多利亚流感的流行强度较低，乙型流感的 VE 为 66 %（95 % CI：42 %，80 %）。校本流感疫苗接种计划自2018/19年度推出以来，大大提高了香港儿童的疫苗接种率，并预防了与流感相关的住院治疗。

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