Effects of temperature on fish aggression and the combined impact of temperature and turbidity on thermal tolerance

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS ACS Applied Bio Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103987
Erin K. Francispillai, Sixtine M. Dietsch, Lauren J. Chapman
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Abstract

Deforestation can increase light penetration and runoff entering adjacent freshwaters leading to increased average water temperature, stronger diel temperature fluctuations, and increased water turbidity. Changes in temperature extremes (particularly upper peaks) are important for fishes as their body temperature and rate of oxygen consumption varies with environmental temperature. Here, we compare effects of diel-fluctuating versus stable water temperature regimes on the behaviour and upper thermal tolerance (measured as Critical Thermal Maximum, CTmax) of the Bluntnose Minnow, Pimephales notatus. Fish were acclimated to either a static 18°C, static 24°C or a diel-fluctuating treatment of low to high (18-24°C) for a total of 10 weeks. Activity level and aggression were measured for 6 consecutive weeks during the acclimation period. Activity level remained high across treatments and over time. However, fish from the diel-fluctuating treatment exhibited a significant increase in aggression over the day as temperatures increased from 18°C to 24°C. Following acclimation, upper thermal limits of fish from each treatment were measured under two conditions: clear water (<2 NTU) and turbid water (25 NTU). This was to evaluate effects of acute turbidity exposure that might arise with heavy rain on deforested streams. CTmax was lowest in fish acclimated to static 18°C and highest in fish acclimated to static 24°C; fish acclimated to diel 18-24°C showed an intermediate CTmax. Exposure to acute turbidity during CTmax trials significantly lowered CTmax across all treatments, highlighting the importance of multiple-stressor studies in evaluating upper thermal tolerance of fishes.
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温度对鱼类攻击性的影响以及温度和浑浊度对耐热性的综合影响
砍伐森林会增加进入邻近淡水的透光度和径流量,导致平均水温升高、日温波动加剧和水体浑浊度增加。由于鱼类的体温和耗氧率随环境温度而变化,因此极端温度(尤其是上峰温度)的变化对鱼类非常重要。在这里,我们比较了昼夜波动的水温制度与稳定的水温制度对钝口鱲(Pimephales notatus)的行为和上层热耐受性(以临界最高温度 CTmax 度量)的影响。鱼类在 18°C、24°C 或从低到高(18-24°C)的昼夜波动水温条件下驯化共 10 周。在驯化期间,连续 6 周对活动水平和攻击性进行测量。在不同处理和不同时间段,活动水平都保持较高水平。然而,随着温度从18°C升至24°C,昼夜波动处理的鱼类在一天中的攻击性显著增加。适应后,在清水(<2 NTU)和浊水(25 NTU)两种条件下测量了各处理鱼类的热上限。这样做是为了评估在森林砍伐的溪流中暴雨可能造成的急性浊度暴露的影响。适应静态 18°C 的鱼类 CTmax 最低,适应动态 24°C 的鱼类 CTmax 最高;适应动态 18-24°C 的鱼类 CTmax 介于中间。在CTmax试验期间暴露于严重浑浊的环境中会显著降低所有处理的CTmax,这凸显了多重胁迫研究在评估鱼类上层热耐受性方面的重要性。
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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
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