The impact of mandatory CSR regulation on corporate financial policy: Evidence from India

Abstract

This study examines how mandatory CSR spending regulation implemented in India in 2014 impacted the financial policy of corporate firms in a quasi-natural experiment setup. The analysis shows that the debt level of treated firms decreased significantly following the CSR regulation; however, no corresponding change was observed in control firms. We attribute this decrease to the greater value that the equity of such firms commanded in capital markets following the regulation. Further, we show that this positive change in the relative importance of equity compared to debt in the post-regulation period helped firms move toward their target capital structure faster. These results remain robust for various model specifications, estimators, and sample selection procedures. Overall, these results conform to the predictions of the stakeholder and legitimacy based theories on CSR.