Pressures on Egyptian Red Sea fisheries from the artisan fishers’ perspective

IF 4.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY Ocean & Coastal Management Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2024.107406
Rehab Farouk-Abdelfattah , Pia Schuchert , Keith D. Farnsworth
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Abstract

The Egyptian Red Sea (ERS) supports artisanal, commercial and recreational fisheries, managed using a summertime closure, not applied to recreational fishing. Stock status is little known and management options are severely limited. To inform future management, we report the results of a questionnaire survey of artisan fishers from four Red Sea ports, collecting basic socioeconomic and fisheries data: fleet characteristics, self-reported landings, plus attitudes towards current management. Relationships among catches, technical and social categories and categorised attitudes were analysed using ordinal and multinomial logistic regressions. Median income of ERS artisanal fishers was 54% of the mean income from work in rural Egypt in 2020. Almost all respondents reported declining catches (61% blamed “overfishing”) and most were pessimistic (43% expected to remain fishing in 10 years time). The seasonal closure was poorly supported by artisanal fishers: 75% claimed it contributed to declining resources. The timing of the closure, intended to protect spawning fish, aligned with published spawning seasons for some, but not all important species. 66% of fishers identified this mismatch as the reason for policy failure. High dissatisfaction rates risk non-compliance: e.g. 23% of those interviewed switched to ‘recreational’ fishing during the closed season. Most artisan fishers of the ERS are in a precarious economic position, facing a declining resource, under management that few support, with concerns about the long term future for their livelihood. We suggest transition to a participatory approach with data-driven co-management as a long term solution.
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从个体渔民的角度看埃及红海渔业面临的压力
埃及红海(ERS)支持手工、商业和休闲渔业,采用夏季禁渔期管理,不适用于休闲渔业。人们对种群状况知之甚少,管理方案也非常有限。为了给未来的管理提供信息,我们报告了对红海四个港口的个体渔民进行问卷调查的结果,收集了基本的社会经济和渔业数据:船队特征、自我报告的上岸量以及对当前管理的态度。采用序数和多项式逻辑回归分析了渔获量、技术和社会类别以及分类态度之间的关系。2020 年,ERS 手工渔民的中位收入是埃及农村平均工作收入的 54%。几乎所有受访者都表示渔获量下降(61% 归咎于 "过度捕捞"),大多数人持悲观态度(43% 预计 10 年后仍将捕鱼)。季节性休渔得不到个体渔民的支持:75% 的个体渔民声称,季节性休渔导致资源减少。旨在保护产卵鱼类的休渔时间与一些重要鱼种的公布产卵季节一致,但并非所有重要鱼种。66% 的渔民认为这种不匹配是政策失败的原因。高不满意率带来了不遵守政策的风险:例如,23% 的受访者在禁渔期转而从事 "休闲 "捕鱼。大多数 ERS 手工渔民的经济状况岌岌可危,他们面临着资源不断减少的问题,他们的管理很少有人支持,他们对自己生计的长远未来感到担忧。我们建议过渡到以数据为驱动的共同管理的参与式方法,以此作为长期解决方案。
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来源期刊
Ocean & Coastal Management
Ocean & Coastal Management 环境科学-海洋学
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
15.20%
发文量
321
审稿时长
60 days
期刊介绍: Ocean & Coastal Management is the leading international journal dedicated to the study of all aspects of ocean and coastal management from the global to local levels. We publish rigorously peer-reviewed manuscripts from all disciplines, and inter-/trans-disciplinary and co-designed research, but all submissions must make clear the relevance to management and/or governance issues relevant to the sustainable development and conservation of oceans and coasts. Comparative studies (from sub-national to trans-national cases, and other management / policy arenas) are encouraged, as are studies that critically assess current management practices and governance approaches. Submissions involving robust analysis, development of theory, and improvement of management practice are especially welcome.
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