Cutting-edge progress in carbon nanomaterial-functionalized silver nanoparticles for enhanced optical and electrochemical sensing applications

Abstract

Carbon nanomaterials and metal nanoparticles have garnered significant attention in many different fields due to their low toxicity, photo/chemical stability, biocompatibility, tunability, and outstanding optical properties. Recently, the functionalization of silver nanoparticles with carbon nanomaterials (CNMs/AgNPs) has emerged as a promising approach for enhancing sensing applications owing to the acquisition of new properties, such as physicochemical, mechanical, electrical, and optical characteristics. This review article provides an overview of the various types, synthesis methods, and characterization techniques of CNMs/AgNPs, and outlines the advantages, limitations, and diverse sensing applications of these nanocomposites. It also delves into the variety of employed sensing mechanisms, such as electrochemical modulation, fluorescence enhancement or quenching, and surface plasmon resonance. Additionally, future perspectives and emerging trends in CNMs/AgNPs are discussed. This review is expected to serve as a valuable reference for researchers and scientists interested in exploring the potential of CNMs/AgNPs for advanced sensing applications.