Why do forests persist and re-emerge amidst tropical deforestation pressures? Archetypes of governance and impact pathways

IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS Forest Policy and Economics Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI:10.1016/j.forpol.2024.103352
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Abstract

Tropical deforestation pressures remain high, but in some areas, forest cover persists, re-emerges, or even expands. Uncovering the driving factors of such a shift has incessantly focused on biophysical and economic development changes, especially at national and regional levels, but evidence on the role of governance remains case-based and inconsistent. This article investigates the role of community and participatory governance arrangements and socio-political institutions at the local level in fostering forest re-emergence and their persistence over time. Using an archetype approach, this study conducts a meta-analysis of 42 empirical studies to identify recurrent patterns of institutions and their impact pathways that explain how forest persistence and re-emergence in the tropics occur. The results show that while forest re-emergence is achieved mainly through three archetypical pathways: collective action, adaptive collaborations, decentralisation, and recognition of local management, forest persistence is uniquely associated with cultural protection pathways. These pathways are activated by collaborative institutions, a mix of formal and informal institutions, and customary institutions. Chiefly, the study emphasises the relevance of local social agencies and institutional arrangements. Yet it also shows the supportive contributions of external actors to forest re-emergence when interventions meet local needs and conditions. Moreso, the results also reveal that forest persistence and re-emergence, to some extent, have socio-economic trade-offs. Policy and institutional implications for enhancing local self-organisation, adaptive governance, rights-based reforestation, and formal protection of sacred natural sites are therefore put forward.
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在热带森林砍伐的压力下,森林为何能够持续存在并重新崛起?治理模式和影响途径
热带森林砍伐的压力仍然很大,但在一些地区,森林覆盖率持续存在、重新出现甚至扩大。人们一直关注生物物理和经济发展的变化,尤其是国家和地区层面的变化,以揭示这种转变的驱动因素,但有关治理作用的证据仍以案例为基础,且不一致。本文研究了地方一级的社区和参与性治理安排以及社会政治机构在促进森林重新崛起及其长期存在方面的作用。本研究采用原型分析法,对 42 项实证研究进行了元分析,以确定可解释热带地区森林持续存在和重新崛起的经常性制度模式及其影响途径。研究结果表明,森林重新崛起主要是通过三种典型途径实现的:集体行动、适应性合作、权力下放以及对地方管理的认可,而森林的持久性则与文化保护途径有着独特的联系。这些途径由合作机构、正式和非正式机构的组合以及习俗机构激活。研究主要强调了当地社会机构和制度安排的相关性。然而,研究也表明,当干预措施符合当地需求和条件时,外部行为者对森林的重新崛起也起到了支持作用。此外,研究结果还表明,森林的持续存在和重新崛起在某种程度上需要在社会经济方面进行权衡。因此,我们提出了加强地方自我组织、适应性治理、基于权利的重新造林以及正式保护自然圣地的政策和制度影响。
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来源期刊
Forest Policy and Economics
Forest Policy and Economics 农林科学-林学
CiteScore
9.00
自引率
7.50%
发文量
148
审稿时长
21.9 weeks
期刊介绍: Forest Policy and Economics is a leading scientific journal that publishes peer-reviewed policy and economics research relating to forests, forested landscapes, forest-related industries, and other forest-relevant land uses. It also welcomes contributions from other social sciences and humanities perspectives that make clear theoretical, conceptual and methodological contributions to the existing state-of-the-art literature on forests and related land use systems. These disciplines include, but are not limited to, sociology, anthropology, human geography, history, jurisprudence, planning, development studies, and psychology research on forests. Forest Policy and Economics is global in scope and publishes multiple article types of high scientific standard. Acceptance for publication is subject to a double-blind peer-review process.
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