Forest Policy and Economics最新文献

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Policy forum: Indigenous forest rights at a crossroads? A critical look at Indonesia's planned forestry law amendment 政策论坛：处于十字路口的土著森林权利？印尼计划中的林业法修正案的批判性审视

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103730

Muhammad Alif K. Sahide , Abdurrahman Abdullah , Moira Moeliono

Indonesia's ongoing fourth amendment of Forestry Law No. 41/1999 represents a critical juncture for indigenous forest rights, amplified by the country's commitment at the 30th Conference of the Parties (COP 30) to recognize 1.4 million hectares of customary forests. This policy forum examines the structural challenges facing this reform through empirical evidence from five case studies. Our analysis reveals current recognition frameworks, including governance paradoxes, historical amnesia, elite capture, ontological exclusion, and the prioritization of business concessions over constitutional rights. These cases demonstrate recurring patterns of jurisdictional conflicts, political economy pressures, and ontological mismatches that transcend regional specificities. The analysis contends that the amendment must transition from symbolic to substantive recognition by integrating historical justice, post-recognition governance, and legal pluralism. Without addressing these structural issues, Indonesia risks perpetuating the very inequalities the constitutional court sought to remedy, while undermining its international climate commitments. The amendment thus represents a critical test of political will: whether the state will continue privileging procedural compliance that manages inequality, or courageously pursue the substantive justice needed to make forest conservation and community rights genuinely mutually reinforcing.

印度尼西亚正在进行的第41/1999号《森林法》第四次修正案代表着土著森林权利的关键时刻，该国在第三十届缔约方会议（COP 30）上承诺承认140万公顷的习惯森林，这进一步扩大了这一点。本政策论坛通过五个案例研究的经验证据，探讨了这一改革面临的结构性挑战。我们的分析揭示了当前的认知框架，包括治理悖论、历史健忘症、精英捕获、本体论排斥以及商业特许权优先于宪法权利。这些案例显示了管辖权冲突、政治经济压力和超越地区特殊性的本体论不匹配的反复出现的模式。分析认为，该修正案必须通过整合历史正义、后承认治理和法律多元主义，从象征性承认向实质性承认过渡。如果不解决这些结构性问题，印尼就有可能使宪法法院试图纠正的不平等现象永久化，同时破坏其国际气候承诺。因此，该修正案代表了对政治意愿的一个关键考验：国家是否会继续对管理不平等的程序遵从给予特权，或者勇敢地追求使森林保护和社区权利真正相辅相成所需的实质性正义。

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引用次数: 0

Is expectation disconfirmation related to stakeholder satisfaction and willingness to engage in national parks? A case study of Shennongjia National Park in China 期望不符合与利益相关者满意度和参与国家公园的意愿有关吗？以中国神农架国家公园为例

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103728

Yangyang Zhang, Zhen Fu, Yang Xiang, Chucai Peng, Mingjun Teng, Lixiong Zeng, Wanji Yang, Lei Pan, Pengcheng Wang

引用次数: 0

From exploitation to sustainable use: Examining historical institutional barriers to sustainable forest governance in Ethiopia 从开发到可持续利用：考察埃塞俄比亚可持续森林治理的历史制度障碍

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103726

Akalu Assfaw Wolde

引用次数: 0

Hunter preferences and values for recreational deer hunting in special management zones in Pennsylvania, USA 美国宾夕法尼亚州特殊管理区猎人对休闲猎鹿的偏好和价值

IF 4 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103729

Arun Regmi, Melissa M. Kreye, Duane R. Diefenbach, Jesse K. Kreye

引用次数: 0

What do stakeholders want from multifunctional forest landscapes and can bottom-up collaborations help them to get it? 利益相关者希望从多功能森林景观中得到什么？自下而上的合作能否帮助他们实现这一目标？

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103724

Lucas Dawson , Per Angelstam

Policies addressing climate change, biodiversity loss, and rural development are driving the transition towards multifunctional forest landscapes (MFLs) across Europe and beyond. MFLs are interdependent social-ecological systems that integrate diverse human uses and ecological functions to fulfil ecological, socio-cultural, and economic interests.

A significant challenge in developing MFLs is the perceived incompatibility among stakeholder interests. Collaborative approaches are often proposed to negotiate trade-offs and resolve conflicts over competing forest uses. However, fostering effective dialogue remains difficult in contested landscapes. There is a pressing need to understand the desired goods, services, and values that various stakeholder groups seek from MFLs.

This study employs a complex systems approach to identify key themes and factors influencing stakeholder perceptions of MFLs, drawing on focus groups and interviews with diverse participants in a collaborative initiative in the Tiveden forest massif, Sweden. Using the Social-Ecological Systems Framework, we analyse these themes in relation to the biophysical and socio-political components that characterise natural resource management systems. Our findings indicate that conflicting economic functions are vital for the wellbeing of local communities and businesses, alongside efforts to resolve these conflicts. While the findings suggest opportunities for bottom-up initiatives for MFLs, significant constraints persist, including the negative impacts of conventional forestry practices, lack of trust among stakeholders, and critical knowledge gaps. Additionally, our study highlights power asymmetries in forest governance, underscoring the need for systemic changes to facilitate the transition towards MFLs. These findings contribute to the discourse on sustainable forest management and offer valuable lessons for similar efforts in diverse contexts.

应对气候变化、生物多样性丧失和农村发展的政策正在推动欧洲及其他地区向多功能森林景观（MFLs）过渡。mfl是一个相互依存的社会生态系统，它整合了不同的人类利用和生态功能，以实现生态、社会文化和经济利益。发展mfl的一个重大挑战是利益相关者之间的利益不相容。经常提出合作的方法来谈判权衡和解决竞争的森林利用方面的冲突。然而，在有争议的情况下，促进有效对话仍然很困难。迫切需要了解各种利益相关者群体从mfl中寻求的所需商品、服务和价值。本研究采用了一种复杂的系统方法，利用焦点小组和对瑞典蒂夫登森林地块合作倡议中不同参与者的访谈，确定了影响利益相关者对MFLs看法的关键主题和因素。使用社会生态系统框架，我们分析了这些主题与自然资源管理系统特征的生物物理和社会政治组成部分有关。我们的研究结果表明，与解决这些冲突的努力一样，相互冲突的经济功能对当地社区和企业的福祉至关重要。尽管研究结果表明，低碳森林资源存在自下而上倡议的机会，但仍存在重大制约因素，包括传统林业实践的负面影响、利益相关者之间缺乏信任以及关键的知识差距。此外，我们的研究还强调了森林治理中的权力不对称，强调需要进行系统性变革以促进向低成本森林的过渡。这些发现有助于可持续森林管理的论述，并为在不同情况下开展类似工作提供宝贵的经验教训。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of sunk costs and path dependencies on nonfarm employment of smallholder rubber farmers: Evidence from Southwest China 沉没成本和路径依赖对橡胶小农非农就业的影响：来自西南地区的证据

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103723

Shi Min , Minda Yang , Qianying Jia , Hermann Waibel

The price of natural rubber has remained low since 2011, which has had negative effects on the income of smallholder rubber farmers. However, smallholder rubber farmers are often reluctant to shift from rubber cultivation to nonfarm employment, potentially due to the sunk costs and path dependencies associated with rubber cultivation. Using three-wave panel data from 612 smallholder rubber farmers in the Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture (XSBN) in Yunnan Province, China, this study examines the impact of these sunk costs and path dependencies on smallholder rubber farmers' participation in nonfarm employment. The results show that both sunk costs and path dependencies had significant and negative effects on smallholder rubber farmers' nonfarm employment, and increased path dependencies amplified the inhibitory effect of sunk costs on nonfarm employment. The effects of sunk costs, path dependencies, and their interaction on nonfarm employment were heterogeneous, and more pronounced negative impacts were observed among households exclusively reliant on rubber cultivation, those with limited social networks, and those located in villages with inadequate road infrastructure. This study provides a better understanding of the relatively low nonfarm employment rate of smallholder rubber farmers in the context of persistently low rubber prices. The findings also have significant implications for policy design aimed at facilitating the structural transformation of smallholder rubber farmers and helping them overcome long-term livelihood challenges caused by persistently low rubber prices.

自2011年以来，天然橡胶价格一直处于低位，这对橡胶小农的收入产生了负面影响。然而，橡胶小农往往不愿意从橡胶种植转向非农业就业，这可能是由于与橡胶种植相关的沉没成本和路径依赖。本研究利用云南省西双版纳傣族自治州612名橡胶小农的三波面板数据，考察了沉没成本和路径依赖对橡胶小农参与非农就业的影响。结果表明，沉没成本和路径依赖对小农非农就业均有显著的负向影响，路径依赖的增加放大了沉没成本对非农就业的抑制作用。沉没成本、路径依赖及其相互作用对非农就业的影响是异质性的，在完全依赖橡胶种植的家庭、社会网络有限的家庭和位于道路基础设施不足的村庄的家庭中，观察到更明显的负面影响。本研究可以更好地理解在橡胶价格持续低迷的背景下，橡胶小农相对较低的非农就业率。研究结果还对政策设计具有重要意义，这些政策旨在促进橡胶小农的结构转型，帮助他们克服橡胶价格持续低迷造成的长期生计挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Does the public value ecosystem services secured by pine savanna restoration and bobwhite management on private lands? 公众是否重视私人土地上松木稀树草原恢复和山齿鹑管理所确保的生态系统服务？

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103711

Nicole M. Nimlos , Elizabeth F. Pienaar , James A. Martin

Private land stewardship in the southeastern United States is crucial to attain pine savanna restoration and conservation of the threatened northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus). Both government and privately funded conservation efforts secure numerous ecosystem services, including groundwater recharge, scenic open spaces, and biodiversity. Yet, we have incomplete information on whether the public values these ecosystem services. From June 15th to July 19th, 2022, we administered stated preference choice experiment surveys to 770 members of the public in Alabama, Georgia, Florida, and South Carolina to ascertain if the public values ecosystem services provided by pine savanna and bobwhite conservation. We analyzed data using hybrid mixed logit models. Respondents positively valued recovery of threatened bobwhite and gopher tortoise populations and high levels of groundwater recharge and scenic open space. Respondents with higher moral obligations to prevent land use conversion (personal norms, awareness of consequences, and ascription of responsibility related to conservation) were more likely to support allocation of taxes to pine savanna restoration on private lands. Respondents' moral obligation to prevent land use conversion was positively correlated with their engagement in outdoor recreational activities. Our findings indicate that the public values pine savanna and bobwhite conservation efforts on private lands in the Southeast, and that outreach related to pine savanna restoration efforts should appeal to people's moral obligation to support conservation of biodiversity, habitat restoration, and the provision of ecosystem services.

私人土地管理在美国东南部是至关重要的，以实现松木稀树草原恢复和保护受威胁的北山齿鹑（Colinus virginianus）。政府和私人资助的保护工作确保了大量的生态系统服务，包括地下水补给、风景优美的开放空间和生物多样性。然而，关于公众是否重视这些生态系统服务，我们没有完整的信息。从2022年6月15日到7月19日，我们对阿拉巴马州、佐治亚州、佛罗里达州和南卡罗来纳州的770名公众进行了声明偏好选择实验调查，以确定公众是否重视松树稀树草原和山齿鹑保护所提供的生态系统服务。我们使用混合logit模型分析数据。受访者积极评价受威胁的山齿鹑和地鼠龟种群的恢复、高水平的地下水补给和风景优美的开放空间。在防止土地利用转换方面具有较高道德义务（个人规范、后果意识和与保护相关的责任归属）的受访者更有可能支持将税收分配给私人土地上的松树稀树草原恢复。受访者防止土地用途转换的道德义务与其参与户外娱乐活动呈正相关。我们的研究结果表明，公众重视东南部私人土地上的松树稀树草原和山齿鹑的保护工作，并且与松树稀树草原恢复工作相关的外联应呼吁人们支持生物多样性保护，栖息地恢复和提供生态系统服务的道德义务。

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引用次数: 0

Incentivizing climate-smart forestry: Analyzing forest landowners' willingness to accept incentives for extended forest rotation 激励气候智能型林业：分析森林土地所有者接受扩大森林轮作激励措施的意愿

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103706

Miah Maye M. Pormon , Joan U. Ureta , Marzieh Motallebi , Michael Vassalos

Increasing forest carbon sequestration through effective forest management is a promising climate change mitigation strategy. One key Climate-Smart Forestry (CSF) practice is extending the rotation age of trees, which increases their carbon storage potential. Despite the growing attention and funding for CSF, there is a significant need in understanding forest owners' decision-making and their willingness to adopt these practices, particularly extended rotation. This study aims to determine the willingness to accept (WTA) of forest owners towards the attributes of prolonged rotation programs (i.e., contract duration, payment schedule, incentive amount) and to determine the key drivers and barriers of adoption. A choice experiment approach was used to estimate the WTA of forest owners in South Carolina. Results show that forest owners prefer shorter contracts and annual or staged installment payments. Moreover, financial incentive is the primary driver for program participation, while working with extension associates served as one of the main barriers. The findings could provide valuable insights for policymakers in designing compensation-related policies to increase forest owner participation in CSF programs.

通过有效的森林管理增加森林碳固存是一项有希望的减缓气候变化战略。气候智慧型林业（CSF）的一项关键实践是延长树木的轮作年龄，这增加了它们的碳储存潜力。尽管对CSF的关注和资金越来越多，但仍需要了解森林所有者的决策以及他们采用这些做法的意愿，特别是延长轮作。本研究旨在确定森林所有者对延长轮作计划属性（即合同期限、付款时间表、激励金额）的接受意愿（WTA），并确定采用的关键驱动因素和障碍。采用选择实验方法估算了南卡罗莱纳州森林所有者的森林面积。结果表明，森林所有者更倾向于短期合同和年度或分期付款。此外，经济激励是项目参与的主要驱动力，而与推广伙伴合作则是主要障碍之一。研究结果可以为决策者提供有价值的见解，以设计与补偿相关的政策，以增加森林所有者对CSF计划的参与。

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引用次数: 0

Dealing with the cost of EUDR compliance data and potential monetisation: Opportunities and risks 处理EUDR合规数据的成本和潜在的货币化：机遇和风险

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103709

Lydia Afriyie-Kraft, Astrid Zabel, Thomas Breu

The European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) introduces strict due diligence obligations, requiring EU operators to trace the origin of commodities and verify that they are deforestation-free. While existing research has largely focused on the design of the regulation and the challenges of its enforcement, little attention has been paid to the role of EUDR compliance data as both a cost factor and a potential asset. This paper analyses the costs of EUDR compliance data, paying particular attention to the distributional effects among market actors. It also explores the opportunities for monetising such data and the implications for producer privacy and data protection. Our findings suggest that compliance costs may not be evenly distributed across the supply chain, with producers in exporting countries being particularly vulnerable. This could create unintended market distortions, including price shifts and the supplanting of EUDR-relevant commodities by illicit alternatives. Notably, the monetisation of EUDR compliance data could offer producer countries new revenue streams. However, many EUDR-relevant commodities originate from countries with weak data protection frameworks, raising concerns about the potential misuse of producers' data. While data monetisation could help offset EUDR compliance costs, it must be accompanied by robust data protection laws. We recommend harmonising, strengthening and enforcing data protection laws in producer countries to ensure that the benefits of EUDR compliance are not achieved at the expense of the most vulnerable. Addressing these issues is critical to aligning the EUDR with broader objectives of sustainability, fairness and inclusive global value chains.

欧盟森林砍伐条例（EUDR）引入了严格的尽职调查义务，要求欧盟经营者追踪商品的来源，并核实他们没有砍伐森林。虽然现有的研究主要集中在法规的设计及其执行的挑战上，但很少注意到EUDR合规数据作为成本因素和潜在资产的作用。本文分析了EUDR合规数据的成本，特别关注市场参与者之间的分配效应。它还探讨了将这些数据货币化的机会以及对生产者隐私和数据保护的影响。我们的研究结果表明，合规成本可能不会均匀地分布在整个供应链中，出口国的生产商尤其容易受到影响。这可能造成意想不到的市场扭曲，包括价格变动和以非法替代品取代与欧洲民主联盟有关的商品。值得注意的是，EUDR合规数据的货币化可能为生产国提供新的收入来源。然而，许多与eudr相关的商品来自数据保护框架薄弱的国家，这引发了对生产者数据可能被滥用的担忧。虽然数据货币化可能有助于抵消eur合规成本，但它必须伴随着强有力的数据保护法。我们建议在生产国协调、加强和执行数据保护法律，以确保遵守EUDR的好处不会以牺牲最脆弱的群体为代价实现。解决这些问题对于使EUDR与可持续、公平和包容性全球价值链的更广泛目标保持一致至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Financial accounting of Douglas fir management 道格拉斯冷杉管理的财务会计

IF 3.8 2区农林科学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Forest Policy and Economics

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2026.103705

Petri P. Kärenlampi

A recent Douglas fir management investigation is repeated in terms of accounting measures. The rotation times become much shorter than in earlier results. Thinnings do not become feasible, provided the thinning effects on the volumetric yield function do not evolve in time. Necessity and procedures for developing the underlying yield model are identified. Evolving prices and expenses break the periodic boundary condition in monetary quantities: profit rates and capitalizations evolve with prices. The periodic boundary condition is, however, retained in time derivatives of dimensionless quantities, as well as in physical characteristics of rotations optimized for the rate of return. Then, optimal rotations do not depend on the evolution of prices and expenses. Relatively high timber prices shorten rotations, as relatively high expenses extend them.

最近的道格拉斯冷杉管理调查是在会计措施方面重复。旋转时间比以前的结果短得多。如果减薄对体积屈服函数的影响不随时间演变，那么减薄就不可行。确定了开发潜在产量模型的必要性和程序。不断变化的价格和费用打破了货币数量的周期性边界条件：利润率和资本化随着价格的变化而变化。然而，周期边界条件保留在无因次量的时间导数中，以及为回报率优化的旋转的物理特性中。然后，最优轮换不依赖于价格和费用的演变。较高的木材价格缩短了轮换时间，而较高的费用则延长了轮换时间。

引用次数: 0

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