Design and Fabrication of 3D-Printed Lab-On-A-Chip Devices for Fiber-Based Optical Chromatography and Sorting

Abstract

Microfluidic lab-on-a-chip (LOC) devices have become essential tools for multitudes of applications in various research fields. 3D printing of microfluidic LOC devices offers many advantages over more traditional manufacturing processes, including rapid prototyping and single-step fabrication of complex 3D structures. In this work, 3D-printed microfluidic devices are designed and fabricated for optical chromatography and sorting. Optical chromatography is performed by inserting a single-mode optical fiber into the device creating a counter-propagating laser beam to the fluid flow. Particles are separated depending on refractive index and size. To demonstrate optical sorting, a cross-type sorter 3D-printed microfluidic device is fabricated that directs the laser beam perpendicular to the flow direction. Design features such as a sloping channel and a channel configuration for 3D hydrodynamic focusing (to aid in controlled sample flow and particle position) help to optimize sorting performance. Stable optofluidic trapping and sorting are successfully achieved using the fabricated microfluidic devices. These results highlight the tremendous potential of 3D printing of microfluidic LOC devices for applications aimed at the optofluidic manipulation of micron-sized particles.