{"title":"Groundwater quality assessment for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Ayad river basin, Udaipur (India)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.gsd.2024.101351","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Globally, about 5.25 billion people depend on groundwater for their water needs. However, groundwater quality significantly impacts human health and agriculture, influenced by factors such as land use, waste seepage, soil properties, and geological settings. In Rajasthan, the primary groundwater quality issues involve fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and calcium. This study addresses the gap in the understanding of the spatial and temporal variations of these contaminants and how the variations are linked to geology and land use. The basis for the analysis is data spanning 2000 to 2021from the Ground Water Department (GWD), the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB), and citizen science data from 2022 to 2023, focusing on the Ayad River Basin. The research aims to evaluate groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation by assessing physico-chemical parameters and using the Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI) method to calculate the Groundwater Quality Index (GWQI) from 2000 to 2023. The findings suggest a decreasing GWQI trend from west to east in the basin, with good groundwater quality (GWQI below 50) in the southern regions near the cities Umarda, Ramgiri, Undri, and Hariyab. The highest index values were near Bhoyana, Khemli, and Sisarma. The results of the salinity hazard test showed that salinity is a major issue in the eastern part of the basin. Though the groundwater is notably hard, a comprehensive analysis of various parameters nevertheless suggested its suitability for irrigation purposes. These results provide new insights in the quality of the groundwater resources in the Ayad River basin and valuable insights for policymakers and for decision-makers to develop strategies to preserve the groundwater quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37879,"journal":{"name":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Groundwater for Sustainable Development","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352801X24002741","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Globally, about 5.25 billion people depend on groundwater for their water needs. However, groundwater quality significantly impacts human health and agriculture, influenced by factors such as land use, waste seepage, soil properties, and geological settings. In Rajasthan, the primary groundwater quality issues involve fluoride, nitrate, chloride, and calcium. This study addresses the gap in the understanding of the spatial and temporal variations of these contaminants and how the variations are linked to geology and land use. The basis for the analysis is data spanning 2000 to 2021from the Ground Water Department (GWD), the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB), and citizen science data from 2022 to 2023, focusing on the Ayad River Basin. The research aims to evaluate groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation by assessing physico-chemical parameters and using the Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI) method to calculate the Groundwater Quality Index (GWQI) from 2000 to 2023. The findings suggest a decreasing GWQI trend from west to east in the basin, with good groundwater quality (GWQI below 50) in the southern regions near the cities Umarda, Ramgiri, Undri, and Hariyab. The highest index values were near Bhoyana, Khemli, and Sisarma. The results of the salinity hazard test showed that salinity is a major issue in the eastern part of the basin. Though the groundwater is notably hard, a comprehensive analysis of various parameters nevertheless suggested its suitability for irrigation purposes. These results provide new insights in the quality of the groundwater resources in the Ayad River basin and valuable insights for policymakers and for decision-makers to develop strategies to preserve the groundwater quality.
期刊介绍:
Groundwater for Sustainable Development is directed to different stakeholders and professionals, including government and non-governmental organizations, international funding agencies, universities, public water institutions, public health and other public/private sector professionals, and other relevant institutions. It is aimed at professionals, academics and students in the fields of disciplines such as: groundwater and its connection to surface hydrology and environment, soil sciences, engineering, ecology, microbiology, atmospheric sciences, analytical chemistry, hydro-engineering, water technology, environmental ethics, economics, public health, policy, as well as social sciences, legal disciplines, or any other area connected with water issues. The objectives of this journal are to facilitate: • The improvement of effective and sustainable management of water resources across the globe. • The improvement of human access to groundwater resources in adequate quantity and good quality. • The meeting of the increasing demand for drinking and irrigation water needed for food security to contribute to a social and economically sound human development. • The creation of a global inter- and multidisciplinary platform and forum to improve our understanding of groundwater resources and to advocate their effective and sustainable management and protection against contamination. • Interdisciplinary information exchange and to stimulate scientific research in the fields of groundwater related sciences and social and health sciences required to achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals for sustainable development.