Timing matters in stress appraisal: The relationship between retrospective appraisal and stress responses

IF 2.7 3区 医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES Biological Psychology Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2024.108892
Hongyu Chen , Xiaoyu Wang , Peishan Wang , Lei Zhan , Zheng Huang , Xianghong Sun , Liang Zhang
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Abstract

Background

Although psychosocial stressors are known to impact task performance and trigger neuroendocrine responses, the dynamic nature of the stress appraisal process is often neglected in research.

Goal

This study aims to explore whether self-reported appraisals at various time points can accurately represent an individual’s behavioral and physiological stress responses.

Methods

A total of 137 participants were recruited to induce individual stress states using the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). Self-reported appraisals were measured both before (anticipatory appraisal) and after the stressor (retrospective appraisal) to capture the dynamic process. Concurrently, participants' cortisol responses and task performances were documented.

Results

Findings indicate that anticipatory appraisal does not significantly reflect task performance. In contrast, retrospective appraisal is strongly associated with the performance of corresponding tasks. Regarding cortisol levels, significantly negative results of multiple regression analysis revealed that the retrospective appraisal of the speech task is the sole variable to represent the cortisol response under stress.

Discussion

The results highlight that retrospective appraisals could represent individuals’ behavioral and physiological responses to stressors more accurately than anticipatory appraisals. These findings provide empirical evidence for choosing the appropriate timing to acquire accurate self-reported appraisals and also help to build a mapping relationship between self-reported, behavioral, and physiological data.
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压力评估中的时机问题:回顾性评估与压力反应之间的关系
背景虽然众所周知社会心理压力会影响任务的完成并引发神经内分泌反应,但压力评估过程的动态性质往往在研究中被忽视。方法共招募了 137 名参与者,利用特里尔社会压力测试(TSST)诱发个体压力状态。在压力源之前(预期评估)和之后(回顾评估)对自我评估进行测量,以捕捉动态过程。同时,记录了参与者的皮质醇反应和任务表现。结果表明,预期评估并不能显著反映任务表现。相反,回顾性评价与相应任务的表现密切相关。在皮质醇水平方面,多元回归分析的显著负值结果显示,对言语任务的回顾性评价是代表压力下皮质醇反应的唯一变量。这些发现为选择适当的时机获取准确的自我报告评估提供了实证证据,同时也有助于建立自我报告、行为和生理数据之间的映射关系。
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来源期刊
Biological Psychology
Biological Psychology 医学-行为科学
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
11.50%
发文量
146
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Biological Psychology publishes original scientific papers on the biological aspects of psychological states and processes. Biological aspects include electrophysiology and biochemical assessments during psychological experiments as well as biologically induced changes in psychological function. Psychological investigations based on biological theories are also of interest. All aspects of psychological functioning, including psychopathology, are germane. The Journal concentrates on work with human subjects, but may consider work with animal subjects if conceptually related to issues in human biological psychology.
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