Measurement of the Tension Loss in a Cable Traveling Over a Pulley, for Low-Speed Applications

IF 2 3区工程技术 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING Experimental Mechanics Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI:10.1007/s11340-024-01097-3

P. Máté, A. Szekrényes

{"title":"Measurement of the Tension Loss in a Cable Traveling Over a Pulley, for Low-Speed Applications","authors":"P. Máté, A. Szekrényes","doi":"10.1007/s11340-024-01097-3","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Wire ropes or cables are widely used solutions for force transmission in several industrial applications. Their hysteretic behavior may significantly influence control accuracy or the force transmission’s efficiency. Cables traveling through sheaves can suffer a relatively high tension loss, which this article addresses.</p><h3>Objective</h3><p>This paper aims to present a simple measurement method for the tension loss in cables traveling over sheaves on bearings.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The presented measurement method uses a cable-pulley system with a spring installed at one cable end. The pulley is moved in a zig-zag pattern. The force is measured on both cable ends; this way, the tension loss can be determined as a function of the cable tension. The force was measured with S-type load cells, which are highly sensitive to off-axis loads; this problem can be overcome by proving that the force measurement has a proportional error, which can be eliminated from the frictional coefficient. The measurements are compared to two models from the literature; one approximates the power loss of a cable drive by calculating the work of the cable’s inner friction, and the other is a cable bending model, which is used to determine the hysteretic energy of the cyclic bending.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The result of the measurement evaluation is a coefficient of tension loss that contains the loss coming from the cable bending and the bearing friction. Four cable types and a steel strip with negligible bending hysteresis were measured, the latter for control measurement. It is demonstrated that a significant part of the tension loss originates from the inner friction of the cable and that it is equal to the hysteretic energy of the cyclic bending.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The presented method provides a robust measurement for the tension loss factor in cables traveling over pulleys. It is proven that the off-axis loads cause a proportional error in the force measured by S-type load cells, and this measurement error can be eliminated from the tension loss factor. The results demonstrated that the presented models can be used to predict the tension loss in cables traveling over sheaves.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":552,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Mechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11340-024-01097-3.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Experimental Mechanics","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11340-024-01097-3","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Wire ropes or cables are widely used solutions for force transmission in several industrial applications. Their hysteretic behavior may significantly influence control accuracy or the force transmission’s efficiency. Cables traveling through sheaves can suffer a relatively high tension loss, which this article addresses.

Objective

This paper aims to present a simple measurement method for the tension loss in cables traveling over sheaves on bearings.

Methods

The presented measurement method uses a cable-pulley system with a spring installed at one cable end. The pulley is moved in a zig-zag pattern. The force is measured on both cable ends; this way, the tension loss can be determined as a function of the cable tension. The force was measured with S-type load cells, which are highly sensitive to off-axis loads; this problem can be overcome by proving that the force measurement has a proportional error, which can be eliminated from the frictional coefficient. The measurements are compared to two models from the literature; one approximates the power loss of a cable drive by calculating the work of the cable’s inner friction, and the other is a cable bending model, which is used to determine the hysteretic energy of the cyclic bending.

Results

The result of the measurement evaluation is a coefficient of tension loss that contains the loss coming from the cable bending and the bearing friction. Four cable types and a steel strip with negligible bending hysteresis were measured, the latter for control measurement. It is demonstrated that a significant part of the tension loss originates from the inner friction of the cable and that it is equal to the hysteretic energy of the cyclic bending.

Conclusion

The presented method provides a robust measurement for the tension loss factor in cables traveling over pulleys. It is proven that the off-axis loads cause a proportional error in the force measured by S-type load cells, and this measurement error can be eliminated from the tension loss factor. The results demonstrated that the presented models can be used to predict the tension loss in cables traveling over sheaves.

查看原文

微信好友朋友圈 QQ好友复制链接

本刊更多论文

测量电缆在滑轮上移动时的张力损失，用于低速应用

背景钢丝绳或电缆是多种工业应用中广泛使用的力传递解决方案。它们的滞后行为可能会严重影响控制精度或力传输效率。本文旨在介绍一种简单的测量方法，用于测量通过轴承上的滑轮的电缆的张力损失。滑轮以之字形模式移动。测量电缆两端的力；这样就可以根据电缆张力的函数确定张力损失。力是用 S 型称重传感器测量的，这种传感器对偏轴载荷非常敏感；通过证明力的测量有一个比例误差，就可以克服这个问题，这个误差可以从摩擦系数中消除。测量结果与文献中的两个模型进行了比较：一个是通过计算电缆内部摩擦力的功来近似计算电缆驱动的功率损耗，另一个是电缆弯曲模型，用于确定循环弯曲的滞后能量。测量了四种类型的电缆和弯曲滞后可忽略不计的钢带，后者用于控制测量。结果表明，拉力损失的很大一部分来自于电缆内部摩擦，并且与循环弯曲的滞后能量相等。事实证明，离轴载荷会导致 S 型称重传感器测量的力出现比例误差，而这种测量误差可以从张力损失因子中消除。结果表明，所提出的模型可用于预测滑轮上电缆的张力损失。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文去求助

来源期刊

Experimental Mechanics 物理-材料科学：表征与测试

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

16.70%

发文量

111

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： Experimental Mechanics is the official journal of the Society for Experimental Mechanics that publishes papers in all areas of experimentation including its theoretical and computational analysis. The journal covers research in design and implementation of novel or improved experiments to characterize materials, structures and systems. Articles extending the frontiers of experimental mechanics at large and small scales are particularly welcome. Coverage extends from research in solid and fluids mechanics to fields at the intersection of disciplines including physics, chemistry and biology. Development of new devices and technologies for metrology applications in a wide range of industrial sectors (e.g., manufacturing, high-performance materials, aerospace, information technology, medicine, energy and environmental technologies) is also covered.