Inclusive accessibility: Analyzing socio-economic disparities in perceived accessibility

IF 7.1 1区 地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Computers Environment and Urban Systems Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI:10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2024.102202
Armita Kar , Ningchuan Xiao , Harvey J. Miller , Huyen T.K. Le
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Abstract

Existing accessibility measures mainly focus on the physical limitations of travel and ignore travelers' perceptions, behavior, and socio-economic differences. By integrating approaches in time geography and travel behavior, this study introduces a bottom-up inclusive accessibility concept that aggregates individual-level travel perceptions across socio-economic groups to evaluate their multimodal access to opportunities. We classify accessibility constraints into hard constraints (physical space-time limitations to travel) and soft constraints (perceptual factors influencing travel, such as safety perceptions, comfort, and willingness to travel). We categorize travelers into 12 mutually exclusive socio-economic groups from a mobility survey dataset of 477 travelers. We apply a support vector regressor-based ensemble algorithm to estimate network-level walking perception scores as soft constraints for each social group. We derive group-specific inclusive accessibility measures that consider space-time limitations from transit and sidewalk networks as hard constraints and minimize the group-specific soft constraint to a certain threshold. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of group-specific inclusive accessibility by comparing it with the classic access measure. Our study provides scientific evidence on how people of varying socio-economic statuses perceive the same travel environment differently. We find that socio-economically disadvantaged communities experience higher mobility barriers and lower accessibility while walking and using transit in Columbus, OH. Our study demonstrates a transition from person- to place-based accessibility measures by sequentially quantifying mobility perceptions for individual travelers and aggregating them by social groups for a large geographic scale, making this approach suitable for equity-oriented need-specific transportation planning.
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包容性无障碍环境:分析无障碍感知方面的社会经济差异
现有的可达性衡量标准主要关注旅行的物理限制,而忽视了旅行者的感知、行为和社会经济差异。通过整合时间地理学和旅行行为学的方法,本研究引入了一个自下而上的包容性无障碍概念,将不同社会经济群体的个人旅行感知汇总起来,以评估他们通过多种方式获得机会的情况。我们将可达性限制分为硬限制(旅行的物理时空限制)和软限制(影响旅行的感知因素,如安全感、舒适度和旅行意愿)。我们根据 477 名旅行者的流动性调查数据集将旅行者分为 12 个相互排斥的社会经济群体。我们采用基于支持向量回归器的集合算法来估算网络层面的步行感知分数,作为每个社会群体的软约束。我们得出了针对特定群体的包容性无障碍度量,将公交和人行道网络的时空限制视为硬约束,并将特定群体的软约束最小化到一定阈值。最后,我们通过与传统无障碍措施的比较,证明了特定群体包容性无障碍措施的有效性。我们的研究提供了科学证据,说明不同社会经济地位的人对相同出行环境的不同感知。我们发现,在俄亥俄州哥伦布市,社会经济条件较差的群体在步行和乘坐公交车时会遇到较高的行动障碍和较低的可达性。我们的研究展示了从以个人为基础的可达性测量方法到以地点为基础的可达性测量方法的转变,我们依次量化了单个旅行者的交通感知,并在大地理范围内按社会群体进行了汇总,从而使这种方法适用于以公平为导向、针对特定需求的交通规划。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
13.30
自引率
7.40%
发文量
111
审稿时长
32 days
期刊介绍: Computers, Environment and Urban Systemsis an interdisciplinary journal publishing cutting-edge and innovative computer-based research on environmental and urban systems, that privileges the geospatial perspective. The journal welcomes original high quality scholarship of a theoretical, applied or technological nature, and provides a stimulating presentation of perspectives, research developments, overviews of important new technologies and uses of major computational, information-based, and visualization innovations. Applied and theoretical contributions demonstrate the scope of computer-based analysis fostering a better understanding of environmental and urban systems, their spatial scope and their dynamics.
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