Effect of slurry separation and air-plasma treatment on NH3 and VOC emissions from field applied biogas digestate and pig slurry to grassland

IF 4.4 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING Biosystems Engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2024.09.014
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Abstract

Different technologies can be utilised to mitigate environmentally harmful ammonia (NH3) emissions after field application of liquid animal manure (slurry). After a solid-liquid separation, air-plasma technology can acidify the liquid fraction and enrich its nutrient value by increasing the amount of inorganic nitrogen. The present work investigates the emissions of NH3 and volatile organic compounds (VOC) after field application of the following fractions of pig slurry and slurry digestate: i) untreated slurry (UN), ii) liquid fraction of slurry (LF), iii) liquid fraction of slurry treated with air from the plasma treatment (LP). Emissions were measured with a system of wind tunnels and a cavity ring-down spectrometer for NH3 concentration measurements and a proton-transfer-reaction mass-spectrometer for measurements of VOC. For both slurry types, the cumulative NH3 emissions were in the following order UN > LF > LP. All the differences were significant (P < 0.05), except between pig slurry LF and LP. The reduction in cumulative NH3 emission obtained by the treatments compared to UN were 55–74% and 70–89% for LF and LP, respectively. The slurry separation decreased dry matter by 46–54% and resulted in a rapid decrease in slurry exposed surface area after application, presumably due to high infiltration. Several VOCs were measured after application of the slurry, but continuous emission was undetectable for all VOCs. The very low VOC emission was presumably due to high infiltration of the low dry matter slurry treatments and low concentration of VOC in the digestate.
Science4Impact Statement
This work demonstrates how treating slurry with plasma treated air can mitigate ammonia emissions after field application. The presented findings can be used for additional technology development and verification. Future research efforts should e.g. clarify what level of solid-liquid separation is needed before treating the liquid fraction with plasma treated air, to assess whether the additional ammonia reductions are profitable. Furthermore, the findings can be used by decision makers and advisory bodies to assess the compliancy of this slurry application technology with applicable environmental regulations. The work also highlights important remaining knowledge gaps that need to be investigated before the technology can be deemed fit for wider practical application.
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泥浆分离和空气等离子处理对草地沼气沼渣和猪泥浆中 NH3 和 VOC 排放的影响
在田间施用液态动物粪便(泥浆)后,可以利用不同的技术来减少对环境有害的氨(NH3)排放。在固液分离之后,空气等离子体技术可以酸化液体部分,并通过增加无机氮的含量来丰富其营养价值。本研究调查了猪粪浆和粪浆沼渣在实地应用后的 NH3 和挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 排放情况:i) 未经处理的粪浆(UN);ii) 粪浆液态部分(LF);iii) 经空气等离子处理后的粪浆液态部分(LP)。使用风洞系统和空腔环降光谱仪测量 NH3 浓度,使用质子转移反应质谱仪测量挥发性有机化合物。对于两种泥浆类型,NH3 的累积排放量依次为 UN > LF > LP。除了猪泥浆 LF 和 LP 之间的差异外,其他所有差异都很明显(P < 0.05)。与 UN 相比,LF 和 LP 的累积 NH3 排放量分别减少了 55%-74% 和 70%-89%。泥浆分离使干物质减少了 46-54%,并导致施用后泥浆暴露表面积迅速减少,这可能是由于高渗透率造成的。施用泥浆后测量了几种挥发性有机化合物,但所有挥发性有机化合物的连续排放都检测不到。挥发性有机化合物排放量极低的原因可能是低干物质泥浆处理的高渗透性和沼渣中挥发性有机化合物的低浓度。所展示的研究结果可用于更多的技术开发和验证。未来的研究工作应明确在用等离子处理空气处理液体部分之前需要进行何种程度的固液分离,以评估额外的氨减排量是否有利可图。此外,决策者和咨询机构可利用研究结果来评估这种泥浆应用技术是否符合适用的环境法规。这项工作还强调了在认为该技术适合更广泛的实际应用之前需要调查的重要知识缺口。
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来源期刊
Biosystems Engineering
Biosystems Engineering 农林科学-农业工程
CiteScore
10.60
自引率
7.80%
发文量
239
审稿时长
53 days
期刊介绍: Biosystems Engineering publishes research in engineering and the physical sciences that represent advances in understanding or modelling of the performance of biological systems for sustainable developments in land use and the environment, agriculture and amenity, bioproduction processes and the food chain. The subject matter of the journal reflects the wide range and interdisciplinary nature of research in engineering for biological systems.
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