Kinetics and scale inhibition application studies towards bulk and RAFT copolymerization of maleic anhydride and acrylic acid

IF 5.8 2区 化学 Q1 POLYMER SCIENCE European Polymer Journal Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2024.113504
Mengyu Cao , Lei Wang , Aihua Li, Xiaolong Yang, Xiaole Gong, Jiang-Tao Xu, Jingquan Liu
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Abstract

Poly(maleic anhydride) (PMA) is commonly reckoned as a better water scale inhibitor than poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) since each maleic anhydride unit can supply two carboxylic acid groups. However, pure PMA is difficult to achieve because the steric effect of its monomer MA. Herein, we synthesize copoly(MA-AA) copolymer by bulk polymerization method (bulk-copoly(MA-AA)), which avoids the use of any solvents which have to be removed afterwards. In addition, we also synthesize copoly(MA-AA) by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization method to afford RAFT-copoly(MA-AA) with low polydispersity index (PDI) less than 1.2, and the performance of RAFT-copoly(MA-AA) in water scale inhibition is more excellent relative to bulk-copoly(MA-AA). We also synthesize other copoly(MA-AA) copolymers by varying the molar ratio of MA to AA to study the polymerization mechanism. Through the static scale inhibition experiment, it is concluded that when the concentration of copoly(MA-AA) is 80 mg/L, the scale inhibition performance of RAFT-copoly(MA-AA) can reach 96.50 % which is the best among the control samples. It is also found that only 1:1 alternating copolymerization of MA and AA could be achieved as demonstrated by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the copolymers, evidencing the strong steric hindrance of MA for its homo-polymerization.

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马来酸酐和丙烯酸的散装和 RAFT 共聚动力学和阻垢应用研究
聚(马来酸酐)(PMA)通常被认为是比聚(丙烯酸)(PAA)更好的水垢抑制剂,因为每个马来酸酐单元可以提供两个羧酸基团。然而,由于单体 MA 的立体效应,纯 PMA 很难实现。在此,我们采用体聚合法(bulk-copoly(MA-AA))合成了共聚(MA-AA)共聚物,这种方法避免了使用任何溶剂,因为溶剂必须在聚合后清除。此外,我们还采用可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)聚合法合成了共聚物(MA-AA),得到了聚分散指数(PDI)小于 1.2 的 RAFT-共聚物(MA-AA),RAFT-共聚物(MA-AA)的阻水垢性能相对于 bulk-共聚物(MA-AA)更为优异。我们还通过改变 MA 与 AA 的摩尔比合成了其他共聚(MA-AA)共聚物,以研究其聚合机理。通过静态阻垢实验得出结论:当共聚(MA-AA)的浓度为 80 mg/L 时,RAFT-共聚(MA-AA)的阻垢性能可达 96.50%,是对照样品中最好的。通过共聚物的 1H 核磁共振谱还发现,MA 和 AA 只能实现 1:1 的交替共聚,这证明 MA 对其均聚具有很强的立体阻碍作用。
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来源期刊
European Polymer Journal
European Polymer Journal 化学-高分子科学
CiteScore
9.90
自引率
10.00%
发文量
691
审稿时长
23 days
期刊介绍: European Polymer Journal is dedicated to publishing work on fundamental and applied polymer chemistry and macromolecular materials. The journal covers all aspects of polymer synthesis, including polymerization mechanisms and chemical functional transformations, with a focus on novel polymers and the relationships between molecular structure and polymer properties. In addition, we welcome submissions on bio-based or renewable polymers, stimuli-responsive systems and polymer bio-hybrids. European Polymer Journal also publishes research on the biomedical application of polymers, including drug delivery and regenerative medicine. The main scope is covered but not limited to the following core research areas: Polymer synthesis and functionalization • Novel synthetic routes for polymerization, functional modification, controlled/living polymerization and precision polymers. Stimuli-responsive polymers • Including shape memory and self-healing polymers. Supramolecular polymers and self-assembly • Molecular recognition and higher order polymer structures. Renewable and sustainable polymers • Bio-based, biodegradable and anti-microbial polymers and polymeric bio-nanocomposites. Polymers at interfaces and surfaces • Chemistry and engineering of surfaces with biological relevance, including patterning, antifouling polymers and polymers for membrane applications. Biomedical applications and nanomedicine • Polymers for regenerative medicine, drug delivery molecular release and gene therapy The scope of European Polymer Journal no longer includes Polymer Physics.
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