Hyperostosis in Fishes: An Update With New Species Records

IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 ANATOMY & MORPHOLOGY Journal of Morphology Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI:10.1002/jmor.21782
William F. Smith-Vaniz, Julia Klein, Harald Ahnelt
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Abstract

Literature reports of hyperostosis are often misleading and have been confused with osteomas, a pathological condition. Hyperostotic bones are known to occur only in bony fishes of the class Actinopterygii, within at least 16 orders, 35 families, 89 genera, and 153 species. They are present almost exclusively in marine fishes and exceptionally in a few extinct freshwater species known from hypersaline environments and one extant cichlid. Hyperostosis is best represented in the family Carangidae where it is known to occur in 53 of approximately 181 valid species. We also provide a synthetic report on what we know and what misconceptions exist regarding hyperostosis. Patterns of hyperostosis are often species-specific but provide no useful phylogenetic information. In species known to develop hyperostosis, it is usually not apparent (non-histologically) in juveniles and typically only becomes fully developed in the largest individuals. The timing of hyperostosis on-set in different bones is often sequential rather than simultaneous across different bones. Most marine Neoteleostei have acellular skeletons but histological observations have shown that in species exhibiting hyperostosis, areas of active remodeling are composed primarily of cellular bone characterized by a rich vascular network and bone-resorbing osteoclasts.

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鱼类骨质疏松症:新物种记录更新
有关骨质增生的文献报道往往具有误导性,并与骨瘤(一种病理状态)相混淆。据了解,骨质增生只发生在动鳍鱼类的骨鱼中,至少有 16 目、35 科、89 属、153 种。它们几乎只出现在海洋鱼类中,少数几种已灭绝的淡水物种和一种现存的慈鲷是例外。骨质疏松症在鲤科中最具代表性,已知约 181 种有效鱼类中有 53 种存在骨质疏松症。我们还提供了一份综合报告,介绍了我们对骨质疏松症的了解和存在的误解。骨质疏松症的模式通常具有物种特异性,但却无法提供有用的系统发育信息。在已知会出现骨过度伸长的物种中,幼年时骨过度伸长通常并不明显(非组织学上),通常只有最大的个体才会发育完全。不同骨骼中骨质增生的发生时间通常是有顺序的,而不是同时发生在不同骨骼中。大多数海洋新脊椎动物的骨骼是无细胞的,但组织学观察表明,在表现出骨质增生的物种中,活跃的重塑区域主要由细胞骨构成,其特点是具有丰富的血管网络和骨吸收破骨细胞。
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来源期刊
Journal of Morphology
Journal of Morphology 医学-解剖学与形态学
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
6.70%
发文量
119
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Morphology welcomes articles of original research in cytology, protozoology, embryology, and general morphology. Articles generally should not exceed 35 printed pages. Preliminary notices or articles of a purely descriptive morphological or taxonomic nature are not included. No paper which has already been published will be accepted, nor will simultaneous publications elsewhere be allowed. The Journal of Morphology publishes research in functional, comparative, evolutionary and developmental morphology from vertebrates and invertebrates. Human and veterinary anatomy or paleontology are considered when an explicit connection to neontological animal morphology is presented, and the paper contains relevant information for the community of animal morphologists. Based on our long tradition, we continue to seek publishing the best papers in animal morphology.
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