Effect of fermented total mixed rations on rumen microbial communities and serum metabolites in lambs

Grassland Research Pub Date : 2024-10-06 DOI:10.1002/glr2.12095

Mingjian Liu, Yulan Zhang, Yichao Liu, Yuyu Li, Zhijun Wang, Gentu Ge, Yushan Jia, Shuai Du

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Abstract

Background

Diet regulates rumen microbiota, which in turn affects animal health. The present study evaluated the response of rumen microbiota and the immune system of lambs to a fermented total mixed ration diet.

Methods

A total of 30 lambs were assigned into two groups: a group fed an unfermented high-fiber diet (total mixed ration [TMR]) and a group fed an fermented low-fiber diet (fermented TMR [FTMR]).

Results

The results showed that FTMR markedly (p < 0.05) increased average daily gain and dry matter intake compared to TMR. The FTMR diet increased the relative abundance of Veillonellaceae_UCG-001 and decreased the diversity of undesirable microbiota despite stable overall microbial community diversity. Serum metabolomic analysis combined with enrichment analysis showed that serum metabolites were affected by the FTMR and metabolic pathways, and the FTMR diet significantly (p < 0.05) influenced amino acid metabolism of lambs. There was a decrease in inflammatory factors in the FTMR treatment, indicating that inflammatory factors followed the same trajectory as changes in microbial community structure and function.

Conclusions

Overall, the FTMR diet reduced undesirable microbiota diversity, thereby regulating host amino acid metabolism and improving immune status.

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发酵全混合日粮对羔羊瘤胃微生物群落和血清代谢物的影响

背景日粮调节瘤胃微生物群，进而影响动物健康。本研究评估了羔羊瘤胃微生物群和免疫系统对发酵全混合日粮的反应。方法将 30 只羔羊分成两组：一组饲喂未发酵的高纤维日粮（全混日粮 [TMR]），另一组饲喂发酵的低纤维日粮（发酵全混日粮 [FTMR]）。结果结果表明，与 TMR 相比，FTMR 显著（p < 0.05）提高了平均日增重和干物质摄入量。FTMR 日粮增加了 Veillonellaceae_UCG-001 的相对丰度，降低了不良微生物群的多样性，尽管微生物群落的整体多样性保持稳定。血清代谢组分析和富集分析表明，血清代谢物受FTMR和代谢途径的影响，FTMR日粮显著影响了羔羊的氨基酸代谢（p < 0.05）。FTMR 处理中炎症因子减少，表明炎症因子与微生物群落结构和功能的变化轨迹相同。结论总的来说，FTMR 日粮减少了不良微生物群的多样性，从而调节了宿主的氨基酸代谢并改善了免疫状态。

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