Enhancing the radiation- and oxidation-resistance of Cr-based coatings via structure regulation and composition optimization

IF 11.2 1区 材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Journal of Materials Science & Technology Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI:10.1016/j.jmst.2024.08.051
Renda Wang, Nabil Daghbouj, Ping Yu, Peng Li, Fanping Meng, Antonio Cammarata, Bingsheng Li, P. Bábor, Tomas Polcar, Qing Huang, Fangfang Ge
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Abstract

Cr coatings, as protective coatings of Zr-alloy fuel claddings, inevitably suffer from irradiation damage before they would possibly run into the accident condition. This study evaluates the radiation and oxidation tolerance of three Cr-based coatings with different microstructures (Cr, CrAlSi, and CrAlSiN) through He2+ ion irradiation and 1200 °C steam oxidation. The Cr and CrAlSi coatings experienced significant structural degradation, characterized by He bubble aggregation and amplified Kirkendall effects at elevated temperatures. In contrast, the irradiated CrAlSiN coating maintained structural integrity without measurable irradiation hardening. Following annealing at 800 °C for 30 min, approximately 40 % of injected He atoms were released, indicating a “self-healing” mechanism. The mechanism is attributed to uniformly distributed, low-density channels that act as sinks and release paths for irradiation-induced defects. Density functional theory simulations suggest that N atoms promote significant rearrangement of ions surrounding the free volume, inhibiting the formation of sites capable of trapping He atoms. Moreover, the CrAlSiN coating exhibited superior oxidation resistance compared to the Cr and CrAlSi coatings, even under high-temperature steam conditions. Notably, the irradiated CrAlSiN sample displayed a significantly thinner oxide scale compared to the pristine one (almost half), owing to a more protective oxide scale and rapid outward diffusion of Cr, Al, and Si through nanochannel veins. These findings illuminate the effects of structure and composition on irradiation and oxidation behavior in Cr-based coatings, offering insights for developing new-generation accident-tolerance fuel coatings for Zr-alloy claddings.

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通过结构调整和成分优化增强铬基涂层的抗辐射和抗氧化能力
铬涂层作为 Zr-合金燃料包壳的保护层,在可能进入事故状态之前不可避免地会受到辐照损伤。本研究通过 He2+ 离子辐照和 1200 °C 蒸汽氧化,评估了三种具有不同微观结构的铬基涂层(Cr、CrAlSi 和 CrAlSiN)的辐照和氧化耐受性。Cr 和 CrAlSi 涂层经历了明显的结构退化,在高温下表现为 He 气泡聚集和 Kirkendall 效应放大。相比之下,经过辐照的 CrAlSiN 涂层则保持了结构的完整性,没有明显的辐照硬化。在 800 °C 下退火 30 分钟后,注入的氦原子释放了约 40%,这表明存在 "自愈 "机制。该机制归因于均匀分布的低密度通道,这些通道是辐照诱导缺陷的汇集和释放途径。密度泛函理论模拟表明,N 原子促进了自由体积周围离子的显著重排,抑制了能够捕获 He 原子的位点的形成。此外,即使在高温蒸汽条件下,CrAlSiN 涂层的抗氧化性也优于 Cr 和 CrAlSi 涂层。值得注意的是,与原始样品相比,辐照过的 CrAlSiN 样品显示出明显更薄的氧化鳞片(几乎只有原始样品的一半),这是因为氧化鳞片具有更强的保护性,而且 Cr、Al 和 Si 通过纳米通道脉络快速向外扩散。这些发现阐明了结构和组成对铬基涂层的辐照和氧化行为的影响,为开发新一代 Zr-合金包层的事故耐受燃料涂层提供了启示。
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来源期刊
Journal of Materials Science & Technology
Journal of Materials Science & Technology 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
20.00
自引率
11.00%
发文量
995
审稿时长
13 days
期刊介绍: Journal of Materials Science & Technology strives to promote global collaboration in the field of materials science and technology. It primarily publishes original research papers, invited review articles, letters, research notes, and summaries of scientific achievements. The journal covers a wide range of materials science and technology topics, including metallic materials, inorganic nonmetallic materials, and composite materials.
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