Van der Waals Heterojunction Based Self-Powered Biomimetic Dual-Mode Sensor for Precise Object Identification

Abstract

The design and fabrication of materials that can concurrently respond to light and gas within the dual-modal recognition domain present a significant challenge due to contradictory structural requirements. This innovative strategy introduces a type-I heterojunction, combining the properties of Sb₂Te₃ and WSe₂ nanosheets, to overcome these obstacles. The heterojunction is prepared through a precise stacking approach to create a single-side barrier on the valence band and a near-zero offset on the conduction band. The resulting Sb₂Te₃/WSe₂ heterojunction demonstrates unparalleled performance, showcasing the best integrated photoelectric and gas sensing performance in a single device to date. Based on the above features, the heterojunction successfully integrates visual and olfactory sensing performance, achieving the first biomimetic visual-olfactory dual-mode recognition in a single device. This simulation increased the accuracy of distinguishing electric and fuel-powered cars from ≈50% to ≈96%. This work introduces a novel approach to creating efficient, self-powered sensing materials, paving the way for next-generation biomimetic dual-model devices with broad applications in environmental protection, medical care, and other fields.