Wind speed affects the rate and kinetics of stomatal conductance

IF 6.2 1区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES The Plant Journal Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI:10.1111/tpj.17066
Or Shapira, Uri Hochberg, Ariel Joseph, Scott McAdam, Tamar Azoulay-Shemer, Craig R. Brodersen, Noel Michelle Holbrook, Yotam Zait
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Abstract

Understanding the relationship between wind speed and gas exchange in plants is a longstanding challenge. Our aim was to investigate the impact of wind speed on maximum rates of gas exchange and the kinetics of stomatal responses. We conducted experiments in different angiosperm and fern species using an infrared gas analyzer equipped with a controlled leaf fan, enabling precise control of the boundary layer conductance. We first showed that the chamber was adequately mixed even at extremely low wind speed (<0.005 m s−1) and evaluated the link between fan speed, wind speed, and boundary layer conductance. We observed that higher wind speeds led to increased gas exchange of both water vapor and CO₂, primarily due to the increase in boundary layer conductance. This increase in transpiration subsequently reduced epidermal pressure, leading to stomatal opening. We documented that stomatal opening in response to light was 2.5 times faster at a wind speed of 2 m s−1 compared to minimal wind speed in Vicia faba, while epidermal peels in a buffer with no transpiration exhibited a similar opening rate. The increase in stomatal conductance under high wind was also observed in four angiosperm species under field conditions, but it was not observed in Boston fern (Nephrolepis exaltata), which lacks epidermal mechanical advantage. Our findings highlight the significant impact of boundary layer conductance on determining gas exchange rates and the kinetics of gas exchange responses to environmental changes.

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风速影响气孔导度的速率和动力学。
了解风速与植物体内气体交换之间的关系是一项长期挑战。我们的目的是研究风速对气体交换最大速率和气孔反应动力学的影响。我们使用配备可控叶扇的红外气体分析仪对不同被子植物和蕨类植物进行了实验,从而实现了对边界层传导的精确控制。我们首先证明,即使在风速极低(-1)的情况下,室内也能充分混合,并评估了风扇速度、风速和边界层传导之间的联系。我们观察到,较高的风速会导致水蒸气和二氧化碳的气体交换增加,这主要是由于边界层传导的增加。蒸腾作用的增加随后降低了表皮压力,导致气孔张开。根据我们的记录,在风速为 2 m s-1 时,紫花苜蓿对光的气孔开放速度是最小风速时的 2.5 倍,而在无蒸腾作用的缓冲区中,表皮剥离表现出相似的开放速度。大风条件下气孔导度的增加在四种被子植物中也有观察到,但在缺乏表皮机械优势的波士顿蕨(Nephrolepis exaltata)中没有观察到。我们的研究结果突显了边界层传导对决定气体交换速率和气体交换对环境变化的反应动力学的重要影响。
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来源期刊
The Plant Journal
The Plant Journal 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
13.10
自引率
4.20%
发文量
415
审稿时长
2.3 months
期刊介绍: Publishing the best original research papers in all key areas of modern plant biology from the world"s leading laboratories, The Plant Journal provides a dynamic forum for this ever growing international research community. Plant science research is now at the forefront of research in the biological sciences, with breakthroughs in our understanding of fundamental processes in plants matching those in other organisms. The impact of molecular genetics and the availability of model and crop species can be seen in all aspects of plant biology. For publication in The Plant Journal the research must provide a highly significant new contribution to our understanding of plants and be of general interest to the plant science community.
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